Fictional character
Fictional character
Kyo Kusanagi
(
Japanese
:
草? 京
,
Hepburn
:
Kusanagi Ky?
)
is a fictional character in
SNK
's
The King of Fighters
series of
fighting games
. The character was first introduced in the 1994 video game
The King of Fighters '94
as the leader of the Japan team from the series' title tournament. Kyo, heir to the Kusanagi clan, is first introduced as a cocky, delinquent high-school student who has
pyrokinetic
powers. His clan is one of three who banished the legendary snake demon entity
Yamata no Orochi
. During the series' story, Kyo meets rivals and enemies who seek to take his flame abilities. Aside from the main series, Kyo appears in several crossovers and spinoffs with other games. He is also the central title character of the
manga
The King of Fighters: Kyo
and video game adaptation with the same name which center around his daily life.
Kyo was created by Shinichi Morioka as a hero who would fight the main characters from other SNK franchises, such as
Fatal Fury
and
Art of Fighting
. His debut in The King of Fighters received a large positive response by fans, making Kyo return in
The King of Fighters '99
where he was originally non available in early versions. His outfit and gameplay techniques were redesigned throughout the series; since his original appearance, featuring a high-school uniform, became popular with fans, designers created clones of his original costume in later games. The same occurred with his moves, which have been re-balanced across the series.
Video game journalists have praised Kyo's design and fighting style as among the best of the series, and in fighting games in general. His role in the story and his long rivalry with
Iori Yagami
were also celebrated. The character's redesign in
The King of Fighters XIV
earned mixed responses because of the differences from previous incarnations. Kyo's role in printed media and other adaptations of the series has often been criticized, most notably in the live-action film. A variety of Kyo collectibles, including key chains and figurines, has been created.
Conception and creation
[
edit
]
Origin and influences
[
edit
]
Kyo Kusanagi was created by artist Shinichi Morioka.
[1]
When designing characters for the
first
King of Fighters
game, developers wanted a new, "snazzy" hero who would fight against characters from two other SNK series,
Fatal Fury
and
Art of Fighting
. Through most of his development, Kyo was named Syo Kirishima
(
霧島 翔
,
Kirishima Sh?
)
and was dressed in martial arts clothing common in fighting games of the time. His design was inspired by the main character of
Katsuhiro Otomo
's manga and film
Akira
,
Shotaro Kaneda
.
[7]
Late in production, his name was changed to Kyo Kusanagi, as a means of relating the character to the
Yamata no Orochi
legend, which was the basis of the story arc of the game. The name Syo would later be used for Kyo's Another Striker in
The King of Fighters 2000
.
[8]
Another planned name before Syo was Ryo Fang
(
霧島翔
,
Fang Ryo
)
but no design was elaborated from it.
[9]
However, in the end SNK chose the name Kyo as they felt it more fitting.
[10]
While in charge of designing the character, Yuichiro Hiraki sought to contrast Kyo with
Street Fighter
character
Ryu
, as he believed the latter was a popular character in international markets and that Kyo's characterization and design could benefit from appealing to as broad a demographic as possible.
[11]
Despite Kyo originally being depicted as a lazy young adult, he shows a notable
character arc
across the games: he develops a new fighting style on his own which contrasts his original concept of being born with talent.
[12]
In contrast to Terry and Ryo, Kyo was given a natural life in his debut. However, the death of his father Saisyu at the hands of Rugal Bernstein was executed to make him more tragic and serious when it came to his training, leaving Japan in his ending to become stronger in future battles.
[13]
When making
The King of Fighters '94
, developers thought Kyo would appeal to audiences by contrasting starkly with characters from
Fatal Fury
, whose characters were much older and had more muscular bodies than Kyo's.
[14]
Kyo's girlfriend Yuki was also created by Morioka.
[15]
By the next game, SNK introduced
Iori Yagami
as Kyo's rival; in contrast to Kyo, SNK decided to keep Iori's life as private as possible in order to differentiate the two characters.
[16]
The rivalry between these two men was noted to stand out across the franchise with Ogura claiming despite having the two characters having differences, they still have respect towards each other, making their team ups with Chizuru Kagura to defeat a common enemy feel natural.
[17]
According to the scenario writer, while Kyo and Benimaru's relationship was initially that of rivals to, it eventually became a case of siblings with Benimaru acting like the older ones. Ureshino also finds that the romance between Kyo and Yuki ended up being nicely written to the point they feel like a married couple in
The King of Fighters XV
.
[18]
The game's developers decided Kyo's main abilities would be fire-based, alongside the movesets of the other characters in the original Japan Team, who were all inspired by the
manga
and
anime
Getter Robo
, created by
Go Nagai
and
Ken Ishikawa
. The three members of the Japan Team, Benimaru Nikaido, Goro Daimon and Kyo, had personalities similar to those of the main characters from
Getter Robo
. Kyo was based on the main character,
Ryoma Nagare
, who had a fiery persona. The elements and the personalities were also a homage to a Japanese phrase about giving birth to fire: "lightning strikes the earth which sparks the flame".
[19]
According to Morioka,
[1]
Ikki Kajiwara
's
Ashita no Joe
and Nagai's
Devilman
manga series were influences too.
[20]
Artist Nona said he found it difficult to design Kyo as a heroic character due to his dark traits, noting the character was also inspired by
Akira Fudo
, the protagonist of
Devilman
.
[21]
Kyo's pixel art was created by Hiraki, who despite leaving SNK to work on another project a few years later, was asked by
Capcom
's Kaname Fujioka to once again work on Kyo's design for the crossover game
Capcom vs. SNK: Millennium Fight 2000
.
[22]
Artist
Falcoon
states that Kyo has a strong attitude, making him one of the hardest characters to illustrate,
[23]
while also noting that his rivalry with Iori Yagami is strong enough to make the duo likable.
[24]
Designs and actors
[
edit
]
In his first appearances, Kyo wears a modified version of his school uniform with a Sun mark that represents his heritage of the Kusanagi.
[13]
During the early stages of development for
The King of Fighters '99
, SNK planned to exclude Kyo and Iori from the game because its story was centered on new protagonist
K'
, but they reversed this decision because "they couldn't leave these popular characters in limbo".
[25]
Kyo's repeated appearances in every game in the series, at the insistence of SNK executives for marketing purposes, made story planning for each title challenging,
[19]
with artist Hiroaki Hashimoto expressing a desire for his work to live up to
Shinkiro
's, which he said left a great impression on him.
[26]
Several of the series' designers said Kyo is one of the most difficult characters to illustrate because of his popularity.
[27]
Although Kyo was redesigned for
KOF '99
, some designers wanted to return to his iconic school uniform. Near the end of production, staff could not decide which uniform the Kyo clone should wear, so the project head decided to make two clones. To save time, the project head drew designs for Kyo-1 and Kyo-2 on the character roster.
[28]
The same situation occurred during production of
The King of Fighters 2002
; the designers created another clone of Kyo called "Kusanagi" to include his school uniform design.
[29]
The developers of the series for
The King of Fighters 2001
,
Eolith
, noted that Kyo and Iori were also popular in their country, which led to their immediate inclusion in their game.
[30]
Falcoon redesigned Kyo's clothes for the spin-off game
KOF: Maximum Impact 2
; his jacket was redesigned while keeping the appeal of the original costume. His "Normal Color F" attire is similar to his father's martial arts clothing. The outfit called "Color G" is reminiscent of the costume design of Yuki, the popular protagonist of
NeoGeo Battle Coliseum
.
[31]
While Kyo often wears different outfits for each game's story mode, he was given a more masculine appearance for
The King of Fighters XIII
. Artist Ogura expressed pressure when designing this incarnation of the character, saying it had to live up to an enduring reputation.
[32]
With designers believing he had become a more traditional fighter, they gave him a simpler, more modern appearance for
The King of Fighters XIV
.
[33]
Character designer
Nobuyuki Kuroki
said staff wanted to captivate new fans with Kyo's larger design regardless of negative backlash.
[34]
Producer
Yasuyuki Oda
noted that while researching new characters for
KOF XIV
, Kyo's moves avoided stereotypes like Japanese
sumo wrestlers
to produce more variety within the cast, which included characters of multiple nationalities. Oda added that they "Kyo-ify" the new members to produce originality in the game.
[35]
His appearance in
KOF XV
was altered to look like his previous looks while altering other parts of his design like his jacket and gloves.
[36]
Yuichi Nakamura
portrayed Kyo in a commercial promoting the cellphone game
The King of Fighters All Stars
, alongside
Hiroshi Fujioka
.
[37]
[38]
In
the live-action film
, Kyo was portrayed by
Sean Faris
. Kyo's
Japanese voice actor
Masahiro Nonaka
related with his character as being young and reckless until he "grew up" in his later appearances. He then expressed some difficulty accepting Kyo on the same level.
[39]
Tomoaki Maeno
replaced Nonaka for
The King of Fighters XIV
and said he was putting all his efforts and expected the fandom to enjoy his work as the new voice of Kyo.
[3]
Maeno noted the impact of Kyo was challenging as he was the main character from a famous series of fighting games. He often played the demo of
The King of Fighters XIV
as Kyo in order to fully appreciate the character.
[40]
For
The King of Fighters for Girls
, Maeno was careful with his performance as he understands due to how beloved is his character. He was careful in his songs and took a liking to the catchphrase "Moetaro?" (Got burned?).
[41]
Fighting style
[
edit
]
In his debut, Kyo fights with the Kusanagi Style of Ancient Martial Arts
(
草?流古武?
,
Kusanagi-ry? Kobujutsu
)
, attacking opponents using flames and several hits from his limbs. This was developed by Mitsuo Kodama, an animator in charge of the first game in the series.
[7]
In later series' tournaments, he combines fire with a personal style of
kenp?
.
[42]
His fighting style was changed as part of the series' overhaul in
The King of Fighters '96
. To appease fans, producers also included an older version of Kyo from
KOF '94
into
The King of Fighters '97
and placed
The King of Fighters '95
version of Kyo in
The King of Fighters '98
, which increased the character's popularity during location tests.
[43]
[44]
In
KOF '96
he was given a new move known as the 212 Shiki Koto Tsuki You
(
?百拾?式?琴月 陽
)
, which Yasuyuki Oda said is one of his favorites because it reminded him of
mecha
series from the 1990s.
[45]
Oda also noted that Kyo was one of his favorite characters in the series as found his moves easy to learn.
[46]
Kyo's gameplay was modified again for
The King of Fighters '99
onwards, with most of his original moves being left for his clones.
[47]
Although Kyo retains his third outfit in
The King of Fighters XII
, his moves were modified to those from the first two games of the series to make the character fight in close quarters rather than using projectiles, improving the balance of the roster, and making fights more entertaining.
[48]
Kyo's signature technique is the Ura 108 Shiki: Orochinagi
(
裏百八式?大蛇?
, lit. "Back Crescent Eighth Formula - Serpent Wave")
, a massive slash of fire he creates with one hand. The staff worked to incorporate this move into the game carefully, trying to make it as realistic as possible while using enhanced special effects.
[49]
Based on Japanese myths, the Orochinagi was conceptualized as the move Kyo would use to defeat the demon known as Yamato no Orochi.
[50]
This was given a mid-air variation for
The King of Fighters XIII
; designers kept in mind the concept of coolness and the small difficulty in performing it.
[51]
Kyo's Neo Max technique, the "Ura 121 Shiki: Ama-no-Murakumo
(
裏百?拾?式?天叢雲
)
", in which he covers the enemies with walls of fire, was the first move of this category to be made for the game. As a result, the other characters' Neo Max techniques were reformatted so as to be comparable with Kyo's move.
[51]
"NESTS Kyo" was added to the game as downloadable content; this version focused on his hand-to-hand combat, contrasting from his original moves in
XIII
.
[52]
SNK worked to balance this version of the character to the original, ensuring neither version would be superior to the other. Like Kyo, his regular desperation move involves the original Orochinagi, but he retains the "Saihsuu Kessen Ougi: Mushiki"
(
最終決??義?無式
, lit. "Final Showdown Ultimate Technique: No style)
"One of three divine weapon"
(
also known as "182 Shiki"
)
, a move where he consecutively punches the enemy while adding increasing flame damage to each strike. His Neo Max is a new technique named "Saishuu Kessen Hiougi Totsuka"
(
最終決?秘 ?義
, lit. "Final Battle Secret Mystery, Token")
which covers the entire screen in flames.
[53]
For
The King of Fighters XIV
, Oda wanted to keep his gameplay intact in order to avoid fan backlash.
[54]
Kyo's strongest move "Ura 1127 Shiki Yaegaki"
(
裏千百武捨七式 八重垣
)
is both a reference to his father's technique as well as the
Kusanagi
myths from his origins.
[55]
Appearances
[
edit
]
In video games
[
edit
]
In
The King of Fighters
main series
[
edit
]
Kyo is one of the last members of the Kusanagi clan who can create fire; 660 years before the games' events, the Kusanagi and Yasakani clans were allies but the latter's jealousy over the former's fame led the Yasakani to make a pact with the snake demon
Orochi
. Since then, the clans have had a generation-long grudge with casualties on both sides. Kyo's rivalry with Iori Yagami is one of mutual hatred rather than history.
[56]
[57]
In the
first
The King of Fighters
video game
, Kyo stars in the famous fighting tournament as the leader of the Japan Team with Benimaru Nikaido and Goro Daimon.
[42]
They become champions and defeat the host
Rugal Bernstein
who has killed Kyo's father, Saisyu. Kyo goes on a training quest in the aftermath.
[58]
In the
next title
, the Japan Team again faces Rugal who has revived and brainwashed Saisyu in revenge.
[59]
Following their fight, Saisyu is saved from Rugal's control and Kyo's defeat their nemesis again with the team leader confused by the energy he obtained.
[60]
Prior to the events of
The King of Fighters '96
, a man named
Goenitz
? a follower of Orochi ? easily defeats Kyo, causing him to seek revenge.
[61]
The tournament's host,
Chizuru Kagura
, wants Kyo and Iori Yagami on her team to help defeat Orochi and stop Goenitz, who is revealed to have granted Rugal new powers in the previous tournament.
[62]
In
The King of Fighters '97
, Kyo faces Orochi's remaining followers, the
New Faces Team
, who aim to revive Orochi by sacrificing Kyo's girlfriend, Yuki. Following their failure, Orochi possess one of them, Chris, but Kyo and Iori manage to defeat him, leaving him to be sealed by Chizuru.
[63]
[64]
In
KOF '98
, Kyo appears as a playable character on the Japan Team with Benimaru and Daimon. An alternative version of his character, with movesets used in previous games, is also playable.
[65]
Kyo is a
secret character
in most versions of
The King of Fighters '99
, and has no team. Kyo is kidnapped by the
NESTS syndicate
, who use his DNA to make clones of him.
[66]
Kyo enters his captors' base and tries to obtain answers from them, but is forced to retreat when the base begins to collapse. If the player has accrued enough points, Kyo can be faced in a bonus fight.
[67]
He continues his fight against the NESTS alone in
The King of Fighters 2000
[68]
but in the
next game
, Kyo reunites with his old teammates, and his student
Shingo Yabuki
, to make a comeback on the Japan Team.
[69]
In
KOF 2002
, Kyo is a playable character on the original Japan Team.
[70]
In
The King of Fighters 2003
, Chizuru appears to Kyo and Iori, asking them to form a team to investigate suspicious activities concerning the Orochi seal.
[71]
During the investigation, the team is ambushed by the fighter
Ash Crimson
, who plans to get their clans' powers and steal them from Chizuru.
[72]
In
The King of Fighters XI
, Kyo and Iori again form a team with Shingo, filling Chizuru's spot to stop Ash.
[73]
The growing presence of Orochi, however, causes Iori to go berserk and harm his teammates. Ash then appears, defeats Iori, and steals his abilities.
[74]
[75]
The PlayStation 2 port added an alternative version of Kyo that has his NESTS saga moves.
[76]
In
King of Fighters XII
, Kyo is a playable character but he does not have a team.
[77]
Kyo reunites with the original members of the Esaka Team in
The King of Fighters XIII
.
[78]
Following Ash's disappearance causing Iori to recover his powers, Kyo fights his rival again.
[79]
Additionally, an alternative version of himself, with different moves called "NESTS Style Kyo", is available as downloadable content.
[80]
Kyo returns in
The King of Fighters XIV
with his old comrades,
[81]
where his classic school costume appears as downloadable content through pre-order bonus released in the online store.
[82]
Kyo enters the tournament at the request of his father to meet
Tung Fu Rue
's students.
[83]
After an unknown being stops the competition, Kyo reunites with Iori and Chizuru to reseal a weak Orochi, who had been previously revived.
[84]
He is set to return in The
King of Fighters XV
.
[85]
The King of Fighters
spin-offs
[
edit
]
Kyo appears in a
role-playing video game
titled
The King of Fighters: Kyo
, in which he travels around the world to prepare for The King of Fighters tournament until the events of
KOF '97
.
[86]
[87]
In this game, Kyo's actor Masahiro Nonaka performs a song named "Pieces" during a karaoke fight between him and Iori. This song was included in the CD Drama
NEO?GEO DJ Station
.
[88]
Kyo receives a letter for the
KOF '97
tournament and has a month to travel across the world to form his team.
Chizuru Kagura
tests Kyo's will to fight by creating a scenario in which Kyo's girlfriend Yuki is kidnapped.
[89]
[90]
Kyo appears in the spin-off video games
The King of Fighters: Battle de Paradise
as a member of a band.
[91]
The King of Fighters R-1
again reprises the events of
KOF '97
; in this game Kyo also teams up with Shingo and
Kim Kaphwan
in an alternate scenario.
[92]
[93]
In the sequel,
The King of Fighters R-2
, Kyo teams up with his father and Shingo.
[94]
SNK also released a
pachinko
based on the series' Orochi storyline and focusing on Kyo's actions during the plot.
[95]
He is present in the spin-offs
Neowave
[96]
and the
Maximum Impact
series
. In
Maximum Impact 2
, Kyo is playable as his classic version from the first games as well as with a new outfit.
[97]
[98]
In each North American edition following
Maximum Impact
, Kyo is voiced by Andrew Roth, an English voice actor.
[6]
During
The King of Fighters EX: Neo Blood
, Moe Habana, the heir of one of the ten sacred treasures, finds Kyo seriously wounded after his fight against Orochi. After healing him, Moe joins Kyo and Benimaru to participate in a tournament developed by the criminal
Geese Howard
, who is searching for the power of Orochi. In the sequel game
The King of Fighters EX2: Howling Blood
, Reiji Okami, another member of the ten sacred treasures, asks Kyo to join him as his teammate in a new tournament so they can investigate interference with the Orochi seal.
[99]
He is present in the Chinese mobile phone games named
KOF: WORLD
,
[100]
and
KOF X Arena Masters
.
[101]
In the role-playing game
The King of Fighters All Star
Kyo is present in his original look as well as his NESTS persona.
[102]
[103]
For the
otome game
King of Fighters for Girls
, Maeno performed a duet song with Benimaru's actor titled "Let's Fight".
[104]
In other games
[
edit
]
Kyo has also appeared in video games outside
The King of Fighters
series. He is a playable character in the shooter games
Sky Stage
,
Neo Geo Heroes: Ultimate Shooting
,
NeoGeo Tennis Coliseum
, and the rhythm-action mobile game
The Rhythm Of Fighters
.
[105]
[106]
[107]
[108]
He is featured in the 2018
augmented reality
game
The King of Fighters Orochi Go
and the Korean fighting game
The King of Cyphers
.
[109]
[110]
In the crossover video games
Neo Geo Battle Coliseum
and
SNK vs. Capcom
series, Kyo appears as a playable character; in the former game he appears with his
NESTS
costume while in the latter he is wearing his school uniform.
[111]
[112]
He is also a character card in
SNK vs. Capcom: Card Fighter DS
.
[113]
Kyo additionally appears both as one of the background characters and as a spirit in the Nintendo crossover fighting game
Super Smash Bros. Ultimate
.
[114]
He is featured in the card-battle video games
Lord of Vermillion Re:2's Tie-Ups
and
Core Masters
,
[115]
[116]
and fighting game
Lost Saga
.
[117]
Despite not being playable in
SNK Gals' Fighters
and
SNK Heroines: Tag Team Frenzy
, he appears in the ending as a cross-dressed Iori and Shermie, respectively.
[118]
[119]
He is present in the RPGs
Kimi wa Hero
in his regular outfit and in a vampire outfit in
Brave Frontier
,
[120]
[121]
[122]
and in his school uniform in the Chinese mobile phone game
Wangzhe Rongyao
.
[123]
He is available in the mobile games
The King Fighters X Fatal Fury
,
Puzzle and Dragons
,
Boku & Dragon
and
Crusaders Quest
.
[124]
[125]
[126]
[127]
He is present in the
dating sim
part of the
Days of Memories
series,
[128]
Metal Slug Defense
,
[129]
the beat-em up
Fighting Days
,
[130]
A shooting game named
Beast Busters
has Kyo as a guest character,
[131]
as does
Lucent Heart
.
[132]
The character's NESTS arc look is also used in
action role-playing
Phantasy Star Online 2
.
[133]
In other media
[
edit
]
Aside from the main series, Kyo has appeared in other media from
The King of Fighters
series. In the
anime
The King of Fighters: Another Day
, he is featured prominently in the fourth chapter as
Ash Crimson
stages a fight against Alba Miera, both of whom are stopped by Iori.
[134]
A number of
image songs
and audio dramas featuring Kyo, including the contents of his own character-image album consisting of a number of his theme songs, have been released.
[135]
Kyo also appears in the
manhua
adaptation of
The King of Fighters: Zillion
, created by
Andy Seto
, which tells Kyo and Iori's story between their fight against Orochi until the one against NESTS. He stars in further manwhua for the games, starting with
The King of Fighters 2001
, ending with
The King of Fighters 2003
, and including the
Maximum Impact
series.
[136]
[137]
Seto also wrote a prequel that shows how Kyo turned into a fighter, met his girlfriend Yuki, and befriended Benimaru and Daemon.
[138]
Kyo also appears in a spin-off
manga
story entitled
The King of Fighters: Kyo
, which is based on the events following
The King of Fighters '95
; the story was created by Masato Natsumoto and deals with Kyo's daily life.
[139]
Ryo Takamisaki's manga
The King of Fighters G
shows an alternate retelling of
KOF '96
where Kyo teams up with
Athena Asamiya
during the tournament.
[140]
In the
KOF XII
manwua, Kyo briefly confronts Ash after recovering from Iori's berserker attack from
XI
and undergoing new training.
[141]
Novelizations of the games also retell Kyo's in-game actions, although the
KOF 2000
novelization has him returning to Yuki in a comic fashion in contrast to the original games in which he remains distant, apart from the NESTS syndicate.
[142]
[143]
In the manga
The King of Fighters: A New Beginning
, Kyo once again battles his rival during his first round from the competition. The match ends as a tie but the Japan Team wins the battle due to Benimaru and Daimon defeating Iori's allies.
[144]
[145]
The mercenaries from the Ikari Team later lead Kyo to fight an army of robots based on NESTS's Kyo clones. Enraged by the cartel, Kyo kills the recently reborn NESTS leader, Igniz, and destroys their base.
[146]
Afterwards, Kyo reunites with his allies and the Yagami Team to face the wraith brought by a creature referred to as a Verse.
In
The King of Fighters
movie
, Kyo is played by Sean Faris and is portrayed as a
biracial
Japanese-American
. During the story, Kyo joins forces with Iori and
Mai Shiranui
to defeat Rugal.
[147]
In the CGI web series
The King of Fighters: Destiny
, Kyo goes to his first team tournament with Benimaru and Daimon. While he is first interested in fighting
Terry Bogard
, he becomes concerned when he senses the power of the Orochi within the fighters and seeks to stop the mastermind behind this.
[148]
[149]
The web series has an extra episode that shows Kyo befriending Benimaru during a fight against multiple
yakuza
.
[150]
After saving the tournament's fighters from Orochi's power, which causes them to go berserk, Kyo, Terry and Heidern meet Rugal, the person using them, and fight him.
[151]
With help from his partners, Kyo defeats his enemy.
[152]
He also appears in the trailer of the upcoming film
The King of Fighters: Awaken
challenging Goenitz.
[153]
Cultural impact
[
edit
]
Kyo Kusanagi received major praise ever since his introduction. In a retrospective review of the series' debut,
VideoGamer.com
called Kyo one of the most popular video game characters from Japan during his 1994 debut.
[154]
Similarly, although the first
King of Fighters
game promoted the possibility of fights between
Fatal Fury
and
Art of Fighting
characters,
IGN
and
Hobby Consolas
regarded Kyo as the most popular character from the game, calling him the "best star" in the franchise.
[155]
[156]
Damien McFerran of
Virtual Console Reviews
considered Kyo one of the best creations from
The King of Fighters
series, as well as the most original one.
[157]
On the other hand,
Den of Geek
noted that while Kyo was introduced as a weak main character, as a result of the pressure of the series also using Terry Bogard and
Ryo Sakazaki
?heroes from other SNK's series?by the climax of the Orochi arc he becomes more appealing due to his role in this part and his new movesets.
[158]
Critics also liked the rivalry between Kyo and Iori.
The Daily Star
noted that although Kyo and Iori begin as enemies, they become allies in later games, leading to their popularity.
[159]
[160]
When it comes to the narrative, the formation of the new Sacred Treasure Team was noted to be a proper conclusion to the Orochi story arc and the character.
[161]
[162]
[163]
Following the Orochi arc, in
The King of Fighters '99
, Kyo was originally a hidden character with RPGFan praising his redesign.
[164]
He became instantly playable in the console ports, which led to praise within fans and writers.
[165]
[166]
Listing him as the sixth best 2D fighting game character,
GameRant
praised the character's moves and designs, especially in
The King of Fighters 2003
and
XI
.
[167]
Kyo received mixed reactions when
The King of Fighters XIV
was first revealed as critics were divided on whether or not the design was faithful to the original.
[168]
[169]
When the game was patched to improve the graphics,
Siliconera
said Kyo's appearance was highly improved.
[170]
[171]
Anime News Network
expressed disappointment that Kyo was not picked as a SNK representative character in
Super Smash Bros. Ultimate
, as he had few guest appearances in comparison to Terry Bogard.
[172]
Dexerto also listed Kyo as one of the SNK character they wanted to see in
Smash
due to his gameplay being able to properly match other video game icons like
Captain Falcon
.
[173]
To choose the covers for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 ports of
KOF XII
,
Ignition Entertainment
started a survey on May 4, 2009, in which users of its forum could vote for one of two covers, one of which features Kyo and the other Iori.
[174]
[175]
His return in
The King of Fighter XV
was acclaimed by website
Inverse
due to his nostalgic gameplay that reminded him of the earlier installments.
[176]
Some critics commented on the character's moves.
IGN
writer A.E. Sparrow wrote that Kyo is one of the most enjoyable characters to play in the
King of Fighters
series, praising the dynamism of his moveset and fighting style.
[177]
In another review, Sparrow considered him to be one of the most useful characters in the games and one of the best for veteran players.
[178]
Gaming Age
writer Jeff Keely praised Kyo's redesign in
The King of Fighters '99
, saying he felt less overpowered than in previous games, which helped to balance the cast, but still felt him weaker in comparison to the new character Terry Bogard.
[179]
Electronic Gaming Monthly
shared similar comments, stating he became a fan of Kyo thanks to his NESTS moves, which made his downloadable version from
KOF XIII
exciting,
[180]
and
Shoryuken
said this version was more interesting than the regular Kyo.
[52]
Prima Games
listed his "Orochinagi" as the 40th best technique in gaming due to the way it covers the screen.
[181]
Complex
ranked Kyo as the 11th Most Dominant Fighting Game Character, praising his special moves.
[182]
A
Gamasutra
writer enjoyed Kyo's mechanics in the
Capcom vs. SNK
series due to his uniqueness while being confronted by other characters.
[183]
Meristation
was bothered by Kyo's simple moves in
The King of Fighters XII
and
XIII
, and was pleased with the return of hand-to-hand techniques in
XIV
.
[184]
The character's moves in
XIV
were noted to appeal to both newcomers and veterans of the franchise.
[185]
[186]
Outside the video games, Kyo has made appearances that met with disapproval by critics. Lucas M. Thomas from
IGN
lamented that Kyo has few appearances in the volume from the manhua
The King of Fighters 2003
in comparison to Ash Crimson, who is the greater focus of the series.
[187]
Den of Geek
found the comic
SVC Chaos
ridiculous because Kyo's and other characters' death rea trivialized.
[188]
John Funk from
The Escapist
found the trailer for the series' live-action film confusing because Kyo's race was changed from Japanese to
white
.
[189]
Beyond Hollywood
was also confused by Kyo's portrayal in the film because of flashbacks to his childhood depicting him as Japanese whereas his adult self is American.
[190]
Stuff
also had a harsh opinion of Kyo being played by
Sean Faris
despite the character's Asian origins.
[191]
Kyo's portrayal in
The King of Fighters: Destiny
received more favorable responses because the plot does not solely focus on his history, but also other characters from the games.
[192]
Anime UK News
enjoyed Kyo's handling in the manga
A New Beginning
due to how his rivalry stands out in the first fight more than the new protagonist, Shun'ei.
[193]
Kyo has been well-received by gamers; he has appeared in several popularity polls. In
Gamest's 1997 Heroes Collection
, Kyo was voted as the staff's second-favorite character behind Iori.
[194]
In a 2005 poll by SNK-Playmore USA, he was voted the sixth fan-favorite character with 176 votes,
[195]
which led to him having less inclusion on the cover of
Maximum Impact
in the North American release.
[196]
Additionally, in the January 30, 1995, issue of
Gamest
magazine in Japan, Kyo was featured at No. 4 in the Top 50 Characters of 1994.
[197]
For the special endings in
The King of Fighters '97
, the video game journals
Gamest
,
Famitsu
and
Neo Geo Freak
created a team composed of three characters from the game so they would be featured in an image after passing the arcade mode.
Neo Geo Freak
'
s team was Kyo,
Mai Shiranui
and
Billy Kane
.
[198]
In an
ASCII Media Works
poll, in which fans voted on video game or manga characters they would like to name their children after, Kyo's name was tenth in the male category.
[199]
In the character-popularity poll on the website of
Neo Geo Freak
magazine, he was voted the third-favorite character with 2,574 votes.
[200]
In another poll from 1997, Kyo took first place with 2,160 votes.
[201]
At a museum of videogames sponsored by the municipality of Rome, a special illustration listed Kyo as the mascot of the mid-1990s era of Neo Geo.
[202]
In the book
Gaming Cultures and Place in Asia-Pacific
, Kyo was named as one of the most popular video game characters in Hong Kong from the mid 1990s onwards, alongside Iori and Mai. This was especially notable as the character outshined
Street Fighter
characters who are instead more popular in Western regions.
[203]
In 2018, Kyo was voted the fifth-most-popular Neo Geo character.
[204]
In 2008, Insert Credit, a publisher related to game piracy, created an 8-bit fighting game titled
Top Fighter
, in which Kyo was one of the characters.
[205]
SNK artist Falcoon said he believes Kyo appealed to gamers in the 1990s because of his appearance and fashion style.
[206]
Joan Arnedo Moreno and Jordi Duch Gavalda from
Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
said Kyo was one of the biggest figures in gaming next to Terry, Ryu and
Goku
which inspired a fictional
Cadillac
for a video game titled
CarOut!
. The vehicle was based on Kyo's design with few red parts involving his fire powers. Kyo's yelling causes the car to move faster in the game.
[207]
In the book
1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die
, Kyo is regarded as the most iconic character from
The King of Fighters
.
[208]
Meanwhile, the theme song "Esaka" often used in the franchise was noted to reflect the character's personality with revisions in other games exposing different sides.
[209]
Complex
also found Kyo as one of the characters who humiliates the loser the most based on examples from his character from
The King of Fighters XIII
.
[210]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
VGDensetsu [@VGDensetsu] (September 13, 2017).
"Kyo from The King of Fighters by his original character designer Shinichi Morioka / 森岡 ?一 / もりおかしんいち"
(
Tweet
)
. Retrieved
May 23,
2019
– via
Twitter
.
- ^
SNK (August 25, 1994).
The King of Fighters '94
(Neo Geo). SNK. Level/area: Credits.
- ^
a
b
"The King of Fighters Station vol. 1 PS4"
. Youtube. June 14, 2016.
Archived
from the original on August 23, 2016
. Retrieved
June 14,
2016
.
- ^
SNK (1996).
The King of Fighters '96 Drama CD
(Media notes). Pony Canyon Inc. PCCB-00230.
- ^
"マギ??Q、殺し屋から人?格?ゲ?ムの女ファイタ?に"
. eiga.com.
Archived
from the original on May 19, 2011
. Retrieved
May 20,
2011
.
- ^
a
b
SNK Playmore.
The King of Fighters 2006
(PlayStation 2). SNK Playmore. Level/area: Credits.
- ^
a
b
"From Air Duel and Last Resort to The King of Fighters '94 and Daraku Tenshi: the early years of Mitsuo Kodama"
. Video Game Densetsu.
Archived
from the original on May 30, 2020
. Retrieved
September 4,
2019
.
- ^
"Kyo Kusanagi Official Profile"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on April 10, 2008
. Retrieved
March 24,
2008
.
- ^
ゲ?メストムック Vol.56 ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズ'96 ROUND3 ファンブック
. 1996. p. 68.
ISBN
978-4881993040
.
- ^
^ 『'97 オフィシャルコレクション』 18頁。
. Shinseisha. 1997.
ISBN
4-87465-379-0
.
- ^
"主人公"
(in Japanese). Capcom. Archived from
the original
on September 29, 2016
. Retrieved
October 26,
2019
.
- ^
"◆ 藤堂香澄<とうどう?かすみ>"
(in Japanese). Neo Geo.
Archived
from the original on June 27, 2001
. Retrieved
October 26,
2019
.
- ^
a
b
"The Mysteries of KOF '94"
.
Gamest
. 1994. p. 38.
Archived
from the original on November 1, 2022
. Retrieved
October 31,
2022
.
- ^
"SNK Developers Talk About How Some Of The Classic Arcade Games Were Made"
. Siliconera.
Archived
from the original on July 31, 2018
. Retrieved
July 30,
2018
.
- ^
"Yuki Official Profile"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on April 10, 2008
. Retrieved
March 24,
2008
.
- ^
Snk Characters Sounds Collection Vol.11 八神庵
. Scitron, Pony Canyon. 1999. PCCB-00378.
- ^
Lima, Diego (April 28, 2021).
"KOF: O que aguarda Kyo e Iori no novo jogo?"
.
IGN
.
Archived
from the original on August 12, 2021
. Retrieved
April 30,
2021
.
- ^
Ureshino, Akihiko.
"【SNK】京と○○【KOF】|うれしのふ|note"
.
Note
(in Japanese).
Archived
from the original on March 13, 2024
. Retrieved
February 20,
2021
.
- ^
a
b
Akihiko Ureshino, ed. (2005).
The King of Fighters Perfect Reader
(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications, Inc. pp. 136?139.
ISBN
4-8222-1711-6
.
- ^
All About The King of Fighters '94 (ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズ'94)
.
All About
(in Japanese). Vol. 7.
The Dempa Shimbunsha Corporation
. December 25, 1994.
(
Translation
by Shmuplations.
Archived
2020-04-24 at the
Wayback Machine
).
- ^
Games Hook
. Shinseisha. p. 10.
- ^
Devil May Cry: 3142 Graphic Arts
. Capcom, Udon Entertainment. 2015. p. 198.
ISBN
978-1927925485
.
- ^
Falcoon [@falcoon_master] (May 27, 2017).
"個人的にKOFキャラクタ?の中では最も描きにくく、?回鬼門となる草?京くん。偉大な先人たちが作り上げた彼のイメ?ジが私の筆になかなか降り?ててくれないのが何とも?がゆい。ク?ル以上熱血未?のような?特の?度感。濃い目の個性が 跋扈するKOFにおいていい位置で輝いていると思います。"
(
Tweet
)
. Retrieved
October 25,
2019
– via
Twitter
.
- ^
Falcoon [@falcoon_master] (June 2, 2018).
"京と庵のどつき合いも?年で25年目に突入するわけで、こりゃもう夫婦なら銀婚式なわけです。いい友達もったなぁと思います。 付き合いのいい友達。ずっと大切にしたいですね。"
(
Tweet
)
. Retrieved
October 25,
2019
– via
Twitter
.
- ^
"Kyo Kusanagi-1 Official Profile"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
. Archived from
the original
on September 15, 2015
. Retrieved
March 24,
2008
.
- ^
"Archived copy"
. Archived from the original on April 18, 2008
. Retrieved
August 9,
2008
.
{{
cite web
}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
link
) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
link
)
- ^
"Interview with Miss. tonko"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
. Archived from
the original
on April 18, 2008
. Retrieved
July 29,
2008
.
- ^
"Kyo Kusanagi-2 Official Profile"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on August 23, 2008
. Retrieved
August 24,
2008
.
- ^
"Kusanagi Official Profile"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on August 23, 2008
. Retrieved
August 24,
2008
.
- ^
"KOF2001 "Dream Match Revival"(tentative title) to be released-"
. MMCafe. Archived from
the original
on September 17, 2018
. Retrieved
September 16,
2018
.
- ^
The King of Fighters Maximum Impact Artbook
(in Japanese). SNK Playmore. June 17, 2006. p. 50.
ISBN
978-4-7973-3543-9
.
- ^
"
"おぐらえいすけ"さんが語る!『KOF XIII』その1"
(in Japanese). SNK.
Archived
from the original on March 8, 2021
. Retrieved
October 25,
2019
.
- ^
"「THE KING OF FIGHTERS XIV」プロデュ?サ?小田泰之氏インタビュ?"
. Game Watch. January 31, 2016.
Archived
from the original on January 31, 2016
. Retrieved
February 1,
2016
.
- ^
The King of Fighters XIV artbook
. Atlus. 2016. p. 21.
- ^
"Yamazaki and Blue Mary were left out of KoF14 to make it feel 'more KoF, less Fatal Fury', Art of Fighting's Jack Turner, John Crawley also considered"
. Eventhumbs. January 3, 2017.
Archived
from the original on September 10, 2018
. Retrieved
September 9,
2018
.
- ^
SNK Global [@NvKknpbmkIbDg6m] (February 19, 2021).
"【KOF XV】"
(
Tweet
)
. Retrieved
February 20,
2021
– via
Twitter
.
- ^
Nakamura, Yuichi [@NvKknpbmkIbDg6m]
(May 21, 2019).
"『KOF ALLSTAR』"
(
Tweet
) (in Japanese)
. Retrieved
October 7,
2019
– via
Twitter
.
- ^
Nakamura, Yuichi [@NvKknpbmkIbDg6m]
(May 21, 2019).
"『KOF ALLSTAR』"
(
Tweet
) (in Japanese)
. Retrieved
October 7,
2019
– via
Twitter
.
- ^
Akihiko Ureshino, ed. (2005).
The King of Fighters Perfect Reader
(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications, Inc. p. 159.
ISBN
4-8222-1711-6
.
- ^
"『ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズ XIV』のWeb番組に出演中の草?京役、前野智昭さんに直?!"
. Famitsu. July 19, 2016.
Archived
from the original on November 8, 2020
. Retrieved
October 7,
2019
.
- ^
"【キャストインタビュ?】京チ?ム"
. KofG.
Archived
from the original on June 13, 2021
. Retrieved
May 28,
2020
.
- ^
a
b
"Hero Team Official Story ~ KOF '94"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on July 15, 2008
. Retrieved
August 4,
2008
.
- ^
"Kyo 94 Official Profile"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on August 1, 2008
. Retrieved
August 4,
2008
.
- ^
"Kyo 95 Official Profile"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on August 1, 2008
. Retrieved
August 4,
2008
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters '97 Global Match Out Tomorrow on PS4, PS Vita"
. PlayStation Blog. April 2, 2018.
Archived
from the original on September 8, 2018
. Retrieved
September 17,
2018
.
- ^
"Yasuyuki Oda (SNK) ? Interview"
. Arcade Attack. November 30, 2018.
Archived
from the original on June 29, 2019
. Retrieved
December 4,
2018
.
- ^
"King of Fighters '99, The"
.
HardCoreGaming
. August 17, 2017.
Archived
from the original on August 21, 2021
. Retrieved
May 13,
2020
.
- ^
"時代を超え受け?がれる「KOFイズム」とは。西川善司が挑む,AC「THE KING OF FIGHTERS XIII」開?者インタビュ?"
(in Japanese). 4 Gamer. August 20, 2010.
Archived
from the original on October 28, 2011
. Retrieved
August 4,
2011
.
- ^
"ドッタ?はマゾなほど優秀ってホント? 現役ドッタ?たちが語るドット?の過去と現在"
.
Denfaminicogamer
(in Japanese). September 2016.
Archived
from the original on September 24, 2021
. Retrieved
May 24,
2019
.
- ^
"All About The King of Fighters '94 ? Developer Interview"
.
ItsFantasticMoe
. December 23, 2020.
Archived
from the original on February 20, 2021
. Retrieved
December 24,
2020
.
- ^
a
b
チ?ム紹介 日本チ?ム
(in Japanese). SNK Playmore. May 14, 2010.
Archived
from the original on July 9, 2011
. Retrieved
August 9,
2011
.
- ^
a
b
"KOFXIII ? NESTS Kyo VS. Normal Kyo Comparison by LogicFighter"
. Shoryuken. January 13, 2012.
Archived
from the original on November 1, 2018
. Retrieved
October 31,
2018
.
- ^
"ネスツスタイル京についPart.1+おまけ"
(in Japanese). SNK.
Archived
from the original on March 8, 2021
. Retrieved
October 21,
2019
.
- ^
"Interview with #KOFXIV Producer #KOFXIII hits top 3 sales charts #FGC #ebook FREE PDF"
.
OrochiNagi
.
Archived
from the original on April 23, 2021
. Retrieved
August 9,
2020
.
- ^
"裏千百?拾七式?八重垣 うらせんひゃくにじゅうななしき?やえがき"
(in Japanese). Kakuge.
Archived
from the original on March 24, 2022
. Retrieved
August 9,
2020
.
- ^
SNK (July 30, 1996).
The King of Fighters '96
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Chizuru:
The crimson flame of Yagami came from a part of your long-repressed true essence./
Iori:
Nonsense! I don't by [sic] that Freudian garbage!/
Chizuru:
The blue flames you control come from the Orochi power flowing within you.
- ^
SNK (July 28, 1997).
The King of Fighters '97
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Spirit represented by purple flame:
All is from the Orochi blood! From our blood allegiance. With the Orochi clan!/
Kyo:
Our clan? Yagami? The Yasakani clan?/
Spirit represented by purple flame:
A 660 year old error... It can't be corrected!
- ^
SNK (August 25, 1994).
The King of Fighters '94
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Rugal:
I... impossible! How could I lose a battle...!!/
Benimaru:
We are No. 1! I knew it!/
Rugal:
Y... yes, indeed... but I haven't really lost yet!! A watery grave awaits you!/
Benimaru:
Jesus! Let's get away!
- ^
SNK (July 25, 1995).
The King of Fighters '95
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Saisyu
Heh, Kyo. My power wasn't so great after all. Kill him, Kyo. Avenge me...!/
Kyo:
Rugal, you slime!/
Rugal:
Heh, heh. The defeated dog barks loudest! Taste my fury! Wooooo...
- ^
SNK (July 25, 1995).
The King of Fighters '95
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Rugal:
Even with my new power, I lost. What? My body...????? No... to meet such a fate! But I'll be back... you jerks!/
Benimaru:
What was that shade?!/
Kyo:
I don't believe it!/
Benimaru:
What?
Kyo:
Ah, nothing. Just.../
Benimaru:
Huh? Kyo, your father!/
Daimon:
/Yeah, where did he go?/
Kyo:
I knew he wasn't dead. He'll find his way home./
Benimaru:
Yeah, I guess you're right./
Kyo:
Well, let's go back to Japan./
Benimaru & Daimon:
Yeah!/
Saisyu:
Kyo, you can't escape the Kusanagi fate. We face a greater battle, soon to begin. Strengthen yourself, Kyo. Good luck.
- ^
"Hero Team Official Story ~ KOF '96"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on May 14, 2008
. Retrieved
March 24,
2008
.
- ^
SNK (July 30, 1996).
The King of Fighters '96
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Goenitz:
I guess I underestimated you. I never thought... but this isn't the end for you./
Iori:
Hah! "ONE-FOR-THE-ROAD" BLAST!/
Goenitz:
AHHHHH!/
Kyo:
Hah! Eat this, pal! SERPENT WAVE!/
Goenitz:
GYAAAH! Why? Why is there no wind? GYAAAAAH!
- ^
SNK (July 28, 1997).
The King of Fighters '97
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Iori:
Aaaaah!! /
Orochi:
Kill Kusanagi and Yata! Break the Shingi troica! Fight, my Orochi son! Listen, Yagami! /
Iori:
Ahhhhhhh!!!/
Orochi:
Ah?!
- ^
SNK (July 28, 1997).
The King of Fighters '97
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Kyo:
Finish it Kagura! Can you do it? /
Chizuru:
As a mirror keeper... I must do it! /
Orochi:
Fools! A waste of time! If I release my remaining power.../
Iori:
Waahh!/
Chizuru:
His power... too strong! Kusanagi! Quickly... /
Kyo:
Heeaahhh! Woooohh!
- ^
"The King of Fighters '98"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
. Archived from
the original
on February 20, 2009
. Retrieved
January 16,
2009
.
- ^
"Edit Entry~ Kyo Kusanagi Official Story ~ KOF '99"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on May 28, 2008
. Retrieved
March 24,
2008
.
- ^
SNK (July 22, 1999).
The King of Fighters '99
(Neo Geo). SNK.
Shingo:
Kusanagi! You're okay! How did you manage it?/
K':
Huh?!/
Kyo:
Who is this guy? /
???:
Meet you clone, Kusanagi. Unfortunately, he wasn't told. That's man-made life, huh K'? What now? The choice is yours./
K':
Shut up! I'll do as I please./
???:
Very well, we'll meet again. If you manage to survive... you too, Kyo Kusanagi./
Kyo:
I'll ruin you!/
???:
Yeah, right. Do as you like. That is, die trying...
- ^
"Kyo and Iori Official Story ~ KOF 2000"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on May 1, 2008
. Retrieved
March 24,
2008
.
- ^
"Japan Team Official Story ~ KOF 2001"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on May 28, 2008
. Retrieved
March 24,
2008
.
- ^
"KOF 2002"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
. Archived from
the original
on February 7, 2009
. Retrieved
January 29,
2009
.
- ^
"Sacred Team Official Story ~ KOF 2003"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on May 28, 2008
. Retrieved
August 10,
2008
.
- ^
SNK Playmore (December 12, 2003).
The King of Fighters 2003
(PlayStation 2). SNK Playmore.
Ash:
Where... is... it... now?/
Chizuru:
Ah.. ah.../
Ash:
Oh, oh, oh, here we are. With this my objective has come to fruition.
- ^
"Kyo & Iori Team Official Story in KOF XI"
.
King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website
.
Archived
from the original on December 18, 2008
. Retrieved
August 3,
2008
.
- ^
SNK Playmore (November 13, 2007).
The King of Fighters XI
(PlayStation 2). SNK Playmore.
Iori:
Oooh.... I'll kill you... Kyo.../
Shingo:
Damn, damn, my body... Must save... Gagh, Mr. K-Kusanagi... He's going to be killed.../
Ash:
Well, well, what's going on here? And without any protection, either?/
Shingo:
Uh, Ash... Yagami just went crazy all of a sudden./
Ash:
Well, well, well. You're in a tough spot, aren't you?/
Shingo:
W-watch out... H-he's not like he usually is./
Iori:
K... Kill.../
Ash:
(So that's the look... Now I see. If he's gotten this far, it can only mean...) Heh, heh. Talk about pressure!/
Iori:
Ga, ga, ga, gaaaaah...
- ^
SNK Playmore (November 13, 2007).
The King of Fighters XI
(PlayStation 2). SNK Playmore.
Ash:
Holy moley, you're scary as ever. But that's not how it'll work out. And why? It's because I... Am not the same old Ash./
Elizabeth:
That color! Iori Yagami's? No, it can't be, can it? The Orochi?!
- ^
"The King of Fighters XI"
. Gamespy.
Archived
from the original on April 26, 2013
. Retrieved
September 20,
2018
.
- ^
"『ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズXII』稼動時期が決定!"
(in Japanese). Official The King of Fighters XII Homepage.
Archived
from the original on February 28, 2009
. Retrieved
September 17,
2008
.
- ^
"Story"
. Atlus. Archived from
the original
on November 2, 2012
. Retrieved
August 5,
2019
.
- ^
SNK Playmore.
The King of Fighters XIII
(PlayStation 3). Atlus.
- ^
"The King of Fighters XIII Gets Two New DLC Characters: Nests Style Kyo and Mr. Karate"
(Press release). Anime News Network. January 11, 2012.
Archived
from the original on September 25, 2015
. Retrieved
August 21,
2015
.
- ^
"The X Button On With the Show"
.
Anime News Network
. September 16, 2015.
Archived
from the original on September 17, 2015
. Retrieved
September 16,
2015
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters XIV PS4 Game's 2 Trailers Reveal August 23 U.S. Release Date"
.
Anime News Network
. April 25, 2016.
Archived
from the original on April 26, 2016
. Retrieved
April 25,
2016
.
- ^
"Japan Prologue Story"
. SNK.
Archived
from the original on January 16, 2018
. Retrieved
January 15,
2018
.
- ^
SNK Playmore.
The King of Fighters XIV
(PlayStation 4). SNK. Level/area: Team Yagami's ending.
- ^
Good, Owen S. (October 27, 2021).
"The King of Fighters 15 introduces all-new character Dolores"
.
Polygon
.
Archived
from the original on November 17, 2021
. Retrieved
October 29,
2021
.
- ^
"PSP家庭用ソフト:SNKプレイモア ゲ?ム情報?合サイト NEOGEO WORLD"
(in Japanese). SNK Playmore Official Homepage. Archived from
the original
on October 26, 2007
. Retrieved
March 26,
2008
.
- ^
"PlayStation Network"
ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズ 京
(in Japanese). Playstation.com.
Archived
from the original on December 22, 2008
. Retrieved
March 26,
2008
.
- ^
SNK (1997).
NEO?GEO DJ Station
(Media notes). Pony Canyon Inc. PCCB-00268.
- ^
SNK (1999).
The King of Fighters Kyo
(PlayStation). SNK. Level/area: Osaka.
- ^
SNK (1999).
The King of Fighters Kyo
(PlayStation). SNK. Level/area: Tournament.
- ^
"DC KOF '99 Evolution"
. NeoGeo.
Archived
from the original on August 8, 2017
. Retrieved
October 19,
2018
.
- ^
SNK (1998).
King of Fighters R-1
(Neo Geo Pocket). SNK. Level/area: Savior Team Ending.
- ^
SNK (1998).
King of Fighters R-1
(Neo Geo Pocket). SNK. Level/area: Shingo Team Ending.
- ^
SNK (1999).
King of Fighters R-2
(Neo Geo Pocket Color). SNK. Level/area: Kusanagi Team Ending.
- ^
"The King of Fighters"
. SNK.
Archived
from the original on September 17, 2018
. Retrieved
September 16,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters Neowave official website"
.
SNK Playmore
.
Archived
from the original on February 7, 2009
. Retrieved
August 8,
2008
.
- ^
"Kyo Kusanagi"
. SNK.
Archived
from the original on February 1, 2017
. Retrieved
September 23,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters: Maximum Impact 2 official website"
.
SNK Playmore
. Archived from
the original
on May 4, 2008
. Retrieved
August 8,
2008
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters EX2: Howling Blood official website"
.
Atlus
.
Archived
from the original on December 4, 2008
. Retrieved
January 16,
2009
.
- ^
"About"
. KOF SDO. Archived from
the original
on May 12, 2011
. Retrieved
September 5,
2018
.
- ^
"【プレスリリ?ス】『Arena Masters(アリ?ナマスタ?ズ)』が『THE KING OF FIGHTERS』とコラボ! 京?アテナ?庵がコラボヒ?ロ?となって??!"
(in Japanese). Nexon.
Archived
from the original on September 13, 2018
. Retrieved
September 12,
2018
.
- ^
"【新作】『KOF』シリ?ズの大ファンが見た『KOF ALLSTAR』の魅力とは?"
. Famitsu.
Archived
from the original on September 5, 2018
. Retrieved
September 4,
2018
.
- ^
"THE KING OF FIGHTERS ALLSTAR(ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズ オ?ルスタ?) キャラクタ?ガイド ネスツスタイル京"
. Netmarble Japan Inc. July 29, 2019.
Archived
from the original on December 21, 2021
. Retrieved
November 17,
2019
.
- ^
"前野智昭さん,?城千春さんがサプライズ登場! バトルソングも公開された「THE KING OF FIGHTERS for GIRLS」の公式生放送「Fighter's Party!」をレポ?ト"
(in Japanese). 4Gamer.
Archived
from the original on August 5, 2019
. Retrieved
August 5,
2019
.
- ^
"NEOGEO HEROES-Ultimate Shooting"
. GameIndustry. December 8, 2010.
Archived
from the original on September 15, 2018
. Retrieved
September 15,
2018
.
- ^
Ciolek, Todd (November 4, 2009).
"The X Button Strange Days"
.
Anime News Network
.
Archived
from the original on November 7, 2009
. Retrieved
November 4,
2009
.
- ^
"NeoGeo Tennis Coliseum"
(in Spanish). UVEJuegos.
Archived
from the original on September 15, 2018
. Retrieved
September 14,
2018
.
- ^
"THE RHYTHM OF FIGHTERS - SNK Original Sound Collection"
. SNK.
Archived
from the original on August 7, 2018
. Retrieved
September 14,
2018
.
- ^
"拳皇 AR 手機遊?《拳皇大蛇篇 Go》已達最終開發階段 將展開體驗試玩活動"
.
巴哈姆特電玩資訊站
.
Archived
from the original on July 28, 2018
. Retrieved
July 28,
2018
.
- ^
"KYO AND IORI SHOW UP IN NEW KOREAN FIGHTING GAME "THE KING OF CYPHERS"
"
. DreamCancel. March 30, 2015.
Archived
from the original on September 16, 2018
. Retrieved
September 15,
2018
.
- ^
"Neo Geo Battle Coliseum official website"
.
SNK Playmore
. Archived from
the original
on November 4, 2006
. Retrieved
August 8,
2008
.
- ^
"Capcom VS. SNK official website"
.
Capcom
. Archived from
the original
on August 8, 2008
. Retrieved
August 8,
2008
.
- ^
"SNK vs. Capcom: Card Fighters DS"
. Giant Bomb.
Archived
from the original on August 13, 2018
. Retrieved
August 12,
2018
.
- ^
Meo, Francesco De (November 14, 2019).
"Super Smash Bros Ultimate Update 6.1.0 Now Live; Introduces Fixes For Terry"
.
Wccftech
.
Archived
from the original on October 29, 2021
. Retrieved
October 29,
2021
.
- ^
Gantayat, Anoop (May 5, 2011).
"Closer Look at Lord of Vermillion Re:2's Tie-Ups"
. Andriasang. Archived from
the original
on May 8, 2011
. Retrieved
May 5,
2011
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters '98's Kyo, Iori and Athena do battle in 3D as they cross over into MOBA game Core Masters"
. Eventhubs. August 28, 2014.
Archived
from the original on September 15, 2018
. Retrieved
September 14,
2018
.
- ^
"「LOST SAGA」,ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズの「草? 京」が本日登場"
(in Japanese). 4Gamer.
Archived
from the original on January 13, 2020
. Retrieved
January 13,
2020
.
- ^
Yumekobo.
SNK Gals' Fighters
.
Miss X:
Die Now! The 311 Ways! /
Kyo:
Wait! Yag... uh, Miss X.?
- ^
SNK Playmore.
SNK Heroines: Tag Team Frenzy
(PlayStation 4). SNK.
- ^
"お知らせ】10月26日(金)開始のハロウィンコラボイベントまで、あと5日! ハロウィンコスチュ?ムの「草? 京」が登場決定!草? 京[ハロウィン]はコラボガチャに登場します!"
. Twitter.
Archived
from the original on November 28, 2018
. Retrieved
October 21,
2018
.
- ^
"?キミヒロ×KOF?コラボイベント第2?開催!"
(in Japanese). SNK. November 29, 2017.
Archived
from the original on December 4, 2017
. Retrieved
September 9,
2018
.
- ^
"The King Of Fighters' Competitors Are Headed To Brave Frontier"
. Siliconera. July 19, 2016.
Archived
from the original on July 24, 2018
. Retrieved
September 16,
2018
.
- ^
"拳皇97OL草?京技能一? 草?京好不好用"
(in Chinese). 4399.
Archived
from the original on September 11, 2018
. Retrieved
September 10,
2018
.
- ^
"King of Fighters X Fatal Fury Heats Up At SNK Playmore"
. Siliconera. April 28, 2013.
Archived
from the original on September 12, 2018
. Retrieved
September 11,
2018
.
- ^
"
"BOKU & DRAGONS" starts collaboration campaign with "THE KING OF FIGHTERS '98" from Wednesday, June 14th"
. 1923.
Archived
from the original on September 15, 2018
. Retrieved
September 14,
2018
.
- ^
"Kyo Kusanagi"
. PuzzleDragonX.
Archived
from the original on September 15, 2018
. Retrieved
September 14,
2018
.
- ^
"Crusaders Quest"
. Facebook. Archived from
the original
on February 26, 2022
. Retrieved
September 14,
2018
.
- ^
"僕と彼女と古都の?"
(in Japanese). SNK Playmore.
Archived
from the original on September 1, 2015
. Retrieved
August 2,
2015
.
- ^
"METAL SLUG DEFENSE - "KOF Pack" Vol.1"
(in Japanese). Steam.
Archived
from the original on September 14, 2018
. Retrieved
September 13,
2018
.
- ^
"天天炫斗之草?京"
(in Chinese). TTXD.
Archived
from the original on September 13, 2018
. Retrieved
September 12,
2018
.
- ^
"Kyo Kusanagi In A… Zombie Blasting Rail Shooter?!"
. Siliconera. December 22, 2014.
Archived
from the original on September 18, 2018
. Retrieved
September 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Update"
. Lucent Heart. Archived from
the original
on June 20, 2010
. Retrieved
November 8,
2018
.
- ^
"Kyo, Iori, Athena, Mai, And Leona Join Phantasy Star Online 2 As New Costumes"
. Siliconera. February 22, 2019.
Archived
from the original on February 22, 2019
. Retrieved
February 22,
2019
.
- ^
SNK Playmore (April 27, 2006).
KOF Maximum Impact 2
(PlayStation 2). SNK Playmore. Level/area: The King of Fighters: Another Day.
- ^
SNK (1997).
SNK Character Sounds Collection Volume 1 - Kyo Kusanagi
(Media notes). Pony Canyon Inc. PCCB-00268.
- ^
Seto, Andy (January 6, 2000).
拳皇Z
. Vol. 1. SNK,/Neosun.
- ^
"Remembrances of KOF: An Interview with Eiji"
. King of Fighters 10th Anniversary Official Website. Archived from
the original
on April 18, 2008
. Retrieved
July 28,
2008
.
- ^
Seto, Andy (2000).
The King of Fighters R
. Neo Sun.
ISBN
978-4-06-319759-4
.
- ^
Natsumoto, Masato (1996).
The King of Fighters Kyo
. Kodansha.
ISBN
978-4-06-319759-4
.
- ^
Takamisaki, Ryo (1997).
ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズG
. Vol. 1. Shinsenga.
ISBN
978-4881993507
.
- ^
Otto, Nekketsu (2009).
The King of Fighters XII
. Vol. 12. Lucky Dragon Comics.
ISBN
978-2-07-332100-8
.
- ^
Ureshino, Akihiko (2001).
ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズ2000―STRIKERS STRIKE BACK
(in Japanese). Enterbrain.
ISBN
978-4757703483
.
- ^
Ureshino, Aikhiko (1999).
ザ?キング?オブ?ファイタ?ズ'99―BEYOND THE"K"
[
The King of Fighters '99 ~BEYOND THE "K"
] (in Japanese).
SNK
.
ISBN
978-4757205970
.
- ^
Asuma, Ky?tar? (2018).
The King of Fighters: A New Beginning
(in Japanese). Vol. 1.
Kodansha
.
- ^
Asuma, Ky?tar? (2019).
The King of Fighters: A New Beginning
(in Japanese). Vol. 2.
Kodansha
.
ISBN
978-4757205970
.
- ^
Asuma, Ky?tar? (2020).
The King of Fighters: A New Beginning
(in Japanese). Vol. 5.
Kodansha
.
ISBN
978-4-06-519051-7
.
- ^
Ashcraft, Brian (July 11, 2009).
"King of Fighters Movie Promotional Images"
. Kotaku.
Archived
from the original on August 15, 2009
. Retrieved
August 16,
2009
.
- ^
The King of Fighters: Destiny
.
iDRAGONS Creative Studio, SNK
.
- ^
The King of Fighters: Destiny episode Trap
.
iDRAGONS Creative Studio, SNK
.
- ^
The King of Fighters: Destiny Side Story, Benimaru Nikaido
.
iDRAGONS Creative Studio, SNK
.
- ^
The King of Fighters: Destiny episode 22 R
.
iDRAGONS Creative Studio, SNK
.
- ^
The King of Fighters: Destiny episode 24 Destiny
.
iDRAGONS Creative Studio, SNK
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters: Awaken CG Movie Dives Into the Orochi Saga"
. July 30, 2020.
Archived
from the original on August 2, 2020
. Retrieved
August 8,
2020
.
- ^
Park, Andrew Seyoon (October 5, 2009).
"KoF12 Review"
. VideoGgamer.com.
Archived
from the original on October 3, 2012
. Retrieved
August 7,
2011
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters: The Ultimate History - conozcan el primer libro oficial donde se cuenta la historia de la saga KOF"
.
IGN
. April 21, 2022.
Archived
from the original on January 19, 2024
. Retrieved
January 19,
2024
.
- ^
Quesada, Daniel (January 31, 2015).
"Hobby Consolas, hace 20 anos: The King of Fighters '94"
(in Spanish). Hobby Consolas.
Archived
from the original on July 23, 2017
. Retrieved
January 13,
2018
.
- ^
McFerran, Damien.
"The King of Fighters '94 (Neo Geo)"
. Virtual Console Reviews.
Archived
from the original on February 5, 2013
. Retrieved
August 3,
2008
.
- ^
"King of Fighters: Ranking All the Characters"
. Den of Geek. November 14, 2016.
Archived
from the original on July 31, 2017
. Retrieved
July 31,
2017
.
- ^
"King of Fighters XIV"
.
The Daily Star
. March 16, 2017.
Archived
from the original on September 27, 2018
. Retrieved
September 22,
2018
.
- ^
"King of Fighters: Maximum Impact"
. GameSpy.
Archived
from the original on August 5, 2008
. Retrieved
January 10,
2018
.
- ^
"History Of... The King of Fighters, SNK's classic team-based 2D fighting series"
.
1UP.com
. Archived from
the original
on October 4, 2015
. Retrieved
August 13,
2008
.
- ^
"FEATURE ? THE KING OF FIGHTERS 96 (RETRO REVIEW)"
(in Spanish). Atomix. August 26, 2016.
Archived
from the original on November 12, 2018
. Retrieved
November 1,
2018
.
- ^
"The Top 200 Fighting Game Endings: Part Ten"
. 4thletter.
Archived
from the original on January 25, 2016
. Retrieved
April 19,
2016
.
- ^
"RPGFan's Games of 1999"
.
RPGFan
. January 12, 2000.
Archived
from the original on January 20, 2024
. Retrieved
January 20,
2023
.
- ^
"KING OF FIGHTERS '99 MILLENNIUM BATTLE"
.
IGN
. December 6, 2000.
Archived
from the original on September 15, 2018
. Retrieved
September 15,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters '99"
.
Hardcore Gaming
.
Archived
from the original on August 21, 2021
. Retrieved
August 13,
2020
.
- ^
"6 Most Iconic 2D Fighting Game Characters"
.
GameRant
. January 19, 2024.
Archived
from the original on January 30, 2024
. Retrieved
January 21,
2024
.
- ^
"Hands On: Is King of Fighters XIV on PS4 Worthy of Its Royal Title?"
.
PushSquare
. July 20, 2016.
Archived
from the original on November 27, 2020
. Retrieved
August 8,
2020
.
- ^
Garcia, Juan (August 22, 2016).
"El Mayor Torneo de Lucha"
.
IGN
(in Spanish). Archived from
the original
on August 25, 2017
. Retrieved
January 18,
2018
.
- ^
"The King Of Fighters XIV Patch 1.10 Will Make The Game Look Better"
.
Siliconera
. November 28, 2016.
Archived
from the original on September 11, 2018
. Retrieved
September 10,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters 14 review"
.
GamesRadar
. August 22, 2016.
Archived
from the original on September 15, 2018
. Retrieved
September 15,
2018
.
- ^
"This Week in Games"
. Anime News Network.
Archived
from the original on September 5, 2019
. Retrieved
September 5,
2019
.
- ^
"Top 5 SNK characters popular enough to be Smash Ultimate DLC fighters"
.
Dexerto
. September 2, 2019.
Archived
from the original on January 19, 2024
. Retrieved
January 19,
2024
.
- ^
"Rock the Box: Vote for your favorite King of Fighters XII Xbox 360 box art!"
.
Ignition Entertainment
.
Archived
from the original on August 10, 2017
. Retrieved
May 4,
2009
.
- ^
"Rock the Box: Vote for your favorite King of Fighters XII PlayStation 3 box art!"
.
Ignition Entertainment
. Archived from
the original
on May 9, 2009
. Retrieved
May 4,
2009
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters 15 beta pummels its competition with one secret"
.
Inverse
.
Archived
from the original on January 19, 2024
. Retrieved
January 19,
2024
.
- ^
Sparrow, A. E. (April 13, 2006).
"King of Fighters '94 Review"
.
IGN
. Archived from
the original
on October 5, 2008
. Retrieved
August 4,
2008
.
- ^
Sparrow, A. E. (December 11, 2003).
"King of Fighters 2000/2001 Review"
.
IGN
.
Archived
from the original on October 5, 2015
. Retrieved
August 8,
2008
.
- ^
Keely, Jeff.
"King of Fighters '99- Evolution"
. Gaming Age. Archived from
the original
on November 23, 2002
. Retrieved
April 11,
2017
.
- ^
"KOF XIII Gets NESTS Kyo, Demo, Netcode Patch"
.
Electronic Gaming Monthly
.
Archived
from the original on November 1, 2018
. Retrieved
October 31,
2018
.
- ^
"Top 50 Greatest Fighting Moves in Video Game History - 10-1"
. Prima Games.
Archived
from the original on May 17, 2017
. Retrieved
August 27,
2017
.
- ^
Jones, Elton (May 17, 2012).
"11. Kyo Kusanagi ? The 50 Most Dominant Fighting Game Character"
.
Complex
.
Archived
from the original on May 26, 2013
. Retrieved
July 9,
2013
.
- ^
"Saving Street Fighter: Yoshi Ono on Building Street Fighter IV"
.
Gamasutra
. September 26, 2008.
Archived
from the original on January 11, 2018
. Retrieved
January 10,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters XIV, Impresiones E3"
. Meristation.
Archived
from the original on September 16, 2018
. Retrieved
September 15,
2018
.
- ^
"King of Fighters 14 strategy gude"
.
Polygon
. January 5, 2017.
Archived
from the original on September 10, 2018
. Retrieved
September 10,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters XIV demo arrives on Tuesday"
. PlayStation Blog. July 17, 2016.
Archived
from the original on September 10, 2018
. Retrieved
September 10,
2018
.
- ^
Thomas, Lucas M. (March 8, 2008).
"The King of Fighters 2003 Vol. 1 Review"
.
IGN
.
Archived
from the original on October 2, 2008
. Retrieved
July 29,
2008
.
- ^
"The Strange History of Street Fighter Comics"
. Den of Geek. February 20, 2016.
Archived
from the original on September 30, 2017
. Retrieved
September 29,
2017
.
- ^
Funk, John (October 9, 2009).
"The King of Fighters Movie Trailer Is Confusing"
.
The Escapist
. Archived from
the original
on October 12, 2009
. Retrieved
April 14,
2017
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters Review"
.
Beyond Hollywood
. September 6, 2010. Archived from
the original
on September 23, 2015.
- ^
"Hall of Shame - 10 abysmal video game to movie adaptations"
.
Stuff
. Archived from
the original
on January 24, 2018
. Retrieved
January 23,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters: Destiny ? Review"
. NSVMundoGeek. January 29, 2018.
Archived
from the original on September 21, 2018
. Retrieved
September 20,
2018
.
- ^
"The King of Fighters ? A New Beginning Volume 1"
.
Anime Uk News
. April 2020.
Archived
from the original on August 10, 2020
. Retrieved
August 2,
2020
.
- ^
Gamest, ed. (1997).
Gamest Game Hero Collection 1997; issue 208
(in Japanese). Shinseisha. p. 1.
- ^
ウレユサ日記03
.
ureshino chronicle akihiko ureshino official web site
(in Japanese). Archived from
the original
on February 19, 2014
. Retrieved
September 16,
2008
.
- ^
"Falcoon"
. Twitter.
Archived
from the original on November 28, 2018
. Retrieved
October 13,
2018
.
- ^
Ishii, Zenji; Pigu (January 1995).
"第8回 ゲ?メスト大賞"
.
Gamest Magazine
(136): 40.
Archived
from the original on March 4, 2009
. Retrieved
December 25,
2008
.
- ^
All About SNK
(in Japanese). Dempa Shimbunsha. 2000.
ISBN
978-4-88554-677-8
.
- ^
"20 Most Popular Anime/Game Names to Give Children"
.
Anime News Network
. August 12, 2010.
Archived
from the original on August 31, 2010
. Retrieved
August 31,
2010
.
- ^
"Character polls"
. Official Neo Geo Freak website (archived version). Archived from
the original
on June 19, 2000
. Retrieved
January 26,
2009
.
- ^
"Character polls"
. Official Neo Geo Freak website (archived version). August 1997
. Retrieved
December 25,
2018
.
- ^
"SNK Legends at Italian Museum of Videogames, Vigamus!"
. Eirgames. Archived from
the original
on October 2, 2013
. Retrieved
October 14,
2019
.
- ^
Hjorth, Larissa; Chan, Dean (2009). "Consuming and Localizing Japanese Combat Games in Hong Kong".
Gaming Cultures and Place in Asia-Pacific
. Routledge. p. 87.
ISBN
978-0415996273
.
- ^
"NEOGEO mini(ネオジオミニ)??記念 好きなキャラクタ?人?投票&NEOGEO mini入ってほしかったゲ?ムのアンケ?ト結果を中間?表! 1位はコイツで"オ?ケ?!"
"
(in Japanese). Famitsu. July 5, 2018.
Archived
from the original on July 5, 2018
. Retrieved
July 29,
2018
.
- ^
"Pirate Treasure, library of Famicom downgrades"
. Siliconera. February 26, 2008.
Archived
from the original on October 9, 2018
. Retrieved
October 8,
2018
.
- ^
Falcoon [@Falcoon_master] (September 4, 2018).
"Falcoon"
(
Tweet
)
. Retrieved
December 14,
2010
– via
Twitter
.
- ^
Revaliente Casilla, Victor Manuel (June 6, 2021).
"CarOut!"
.
Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
.
Archived
from the original on January 20, 2024
. Retrieved
January 19,
2024
.
- ^
1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die
. Universe. 2010.
ISBN
978-0789320902
.
- ^
Video Game Audio: A History, 1972-2020
. McFarland. 2022.
ISBN
978-1476674353
.
- ^
"The 100 Most Humiliating Video Game Victory Quotes"
.
Complex
.
Archived
from the original on January 20, 2024
. Retrieved
January 20,
2024
.