Coat of arms of Aragonese Monarchs
, also used as royal emblem in Valencia
Former coat of arms of Valencia (before 18th century)
For the majority of the Middle Ages,
Valencia
was a constituent part of larger polities. From the time of the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, Valencia was controlled by the
Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus
and the
Emirate/Caliphate of Cordoba
. Following the latter's collapse, Valencia became the seat of a
Taifa state
ruled by a succession of local dynasties from 1010 until it was conquered by Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar,
El Cid
, in 1095. He ruled until his death, when his widow swore fealty to
Castile
, but was forced out in 1102 and Valencia fell back under the control of a Muslim Caliphate.
Again in the 1140s, Caliphate collapse led to the return of local rule, but following four changes of leadership in two years it fell under the control of neighboring
Murcia
, and later the
Almohad Caliphate
. A third time, in 1229, Valencia saw almost a decade of local rule before being conquered by
Aragon
in 1237. Valencia was reorganized into an administrative '
Kingdom of Valencia
' within the
Crown of Aragon
, ruled by Governors appointed by the Aragonese monarch. This arrangement continued until the formal creation of the
Crown of Spain
and abolition of the previous administrative kingdoms by the
Nueva Planta Decrees
in 1714.
Rulers of Valencia (713-1239)
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For those who ruled in or over Valencia, see the following pages:
Monarchs of Valencia (1239-1707)
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House of Aragon
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- Martin died without legitimate children.
- Ferdinand II became
Jure uxoris
King of
Castile
, jointly with his wife
Isabella I
. Dynastic union of
Aragon
with
Castile
.
- Nominally jointly with her son Charles I but was effectively kept under confinement.
- Jointly with his mother
Joanna
the Mad
(confined)
- Charles died without children.
House of Habsburg
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During the war (officially in 1707) Philip d'Anjou, the first of the
Bourbon
empire in Spain,
disbanded
the Crown of Aragon (
Nueva Planta decrees
). After this time, there are no more Aragonese monarchs. Nevertheless, Spanish monarchs up to
Isabella II
, while styling themselves
king/queen of Spain
on coins, still used some of the traditional nomenclature of the defunct Crown of Aragon in their official documents:
King/Queen of Castile, Leon,
Aragon
,
both Sicilies
, Jerusalem, Navarra, Granada, Toledo,
Valencia
, Galicia,
Majorca
, Sevilla,
Sardinia
, Cordova,
Corsica
, Murcia, Jaen, the Algarve, Algeciras, Gibraltar, the Canary Islands, the Eastern & Western Indias, the Islands & Mainland of the Ocean sea; Archduke of Austria; Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, Milan; Count of Habsburg, Flanders, Tyrol,
Barcelona
; Lord of Biscay, Molina
.
See also
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