High-speed train developed by South Korea
"KTX-II" redirects here. For the supersonic advanced trainer aircraft known as KTX-2, see
KAI T-50 Golden Eagle
.
KTX-Sancheon
|
---|
KTX-Sancheon class 110000
|
First class interior
|
Manufacturer
| Hyundai Rotem
|
---|
Family name
| KTX
|
---|
Constructed
| 2008?present
|
---|
Entered service
| 2010?present
|
---|
Number built
| 71
- Class 110000: 24 trains
- SRT
Class 120000: 22 trains
- SRT Class 130000: 10 trains
- Class 140000: 15 trains
|
---|
Number in service
| 71
- Class 110000: 24 trains
- SRT
Class 120000: 22 trains
- SRT Class 130000: 10 trains
- Class 140000: 15 trains
|
---|
Formation
| PC+8T+PC
[1]
- PC: power car (traction head)
- T: trailer (intermediate passenger car)
|
---|
Capacity
| 363
[2]
(Class 110000)
- 30 First Class (2+1)
- 328 Standard Class (2+2)
- +5 seats for disabled persons
410
(SRT Class 120000)
(SRT Class 130000)
(Class 140000)
- 33 First Class (2+1)
- 372 Standard Class (2+2)
- +5 seats for disabled persons
|
---|
Operators
| Korail
,
SR
|
---|
Depots
| Goyang, Osong
|
---|
Lines served
| Gyeongbu high-speed railway
Honam high-speed railway
Suseo-Pyeongtaek high-speed railway
Gyeongbu Line
Honam Line
Gyeongjeon Line
Jeolla Line
Donghae Line
AREX
(until 2018)
|
---|
|
Car body construction
| traction heads
: steel
[3]
intermediate cars
: aluminum
[3]
|
---|
Train length
| 201 m (659 ft 5 in)
[3]
|
---|
Car length
| traction heads
: 22.69 m (74 ft 5.3 in)
[4]
extreme intermediate cars
: 21.845 m (71 ft 8.0 in)
intermediate cars
: 18.7 m (61 ft 4.2 in)
[5]
|
---|
Width
| traction heads
: 2,814 mm (9 ft 2.8 in)
[4]
intermediate cars
: 2,970 mm (9 ft 8.9 in)
|
---|
Height
| traction heads
: 4,062 mm (13 ft 3.9 in)
[4]
extreme intermediate cars
: 4.1 m (13 ft 5.4 in)
intermediate cars
: 3.48 m (11 ft 5.0 in)
[5]
|
---|
Floor height
| 1,125 mm (44.3 in)
|
---|
Maximum speed
| service
: 305 km/h (190 mph)
design
: 330 km/h (205 mph)
|
---|
Weight
| empty
: 403
t
(397
long tons
; 444
short tons
)
[2]
loaded
: 434 t (427 long tons; 478 short tons)
[3]
|
---|
Traction system
| 8 three-phase asynchronous
induction motors
4
IGBT
-based
VVVF
inverters
|
---|
Power output
| 8 x 1,100 kW (1,500 hp) (8.8 MW or 11,800 hp)
[3]
[5]
|
---|
Acceleration
| 0.45 m/s
2
(1.0 mph/s) up to 60 km/h (37 mph)
[4]
0 to 300 km/h (0 to 186 mph) in 316 s and 16.4 km (10.2 mi)
[4]
|
---|
Deceleration
| 1.06 m/s
2
(2.4 mph/s) (+5% -0% tolerance)
[4]
from 300 to 0 km/h (186 to 0 mph) in 3.3 km (2.1 mi)
[2]
|
---|
Auxiliaries
| 2 x 1.0 MW (1,341 hp), supplying 670 V DC
IGBT-based
[6]
|
---|
Power supply
| catenary
|
---|
Electric system(s)
| 25 kV/60 Hz AC
|
---|
Current collector(s)
| pantograph
(type: single-arm, SSS400+)
[7]
|
---|
UIC classification
| Bo'Bo' + 2'(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)2' + Bo'Bo'
|
---|
Braking system(s)
| eddy current, regenerative, rheostatic, disc
|
---|
Safety system(s)
| ATS
,
ATP
(Ansaldo),
TVM-430
|
---|
Coupling system
| Scharfenberg
|
---|
Multiple working
| Yes
|
---|
Track gauge
| 1,435 mm
(
4 ft
8
+
1
⁄
2
in
)
standard gauge
|
---|
The
KTX-Sancheon
(formerly called the
KTX-II
) is a South Korean
high-speed train
built by
Hyundai Rotem
in the second half of the 2000s and operated by
Korail
since March 2010. With a top speed of 305 km/h (189.5 mph), the KTX-Sancheon is the second commercial high-speed train operated in South Korea and the first domestic high-speed train that is designed and developed in South Korea.
History
[
edit
]
When South Korea started its high-speed rail project, rolling stock and infrastructure was built in the framework of a technology transfer agreement between GEC-Alsthom (today
Alstom
), the main maker of French
TGV
high-speed trains, and South Korean companies. Thus
Korea Train Express
(KTX) began operating with
KTX-I
trains, which were derived from the
TGV Reseau
, and built both by Alstom and Rotem.
[8]
The technology transfer agreement did not provide for a complete control of manufacturing processes, and construction involved the import of parts. To increase the domestic added value, in 1996, an alliance of South Korean government research agencies, universities, and private companies started a project called G7 to develop domestic high-speed rail technology.
[9]
The main element of the G7 project was the 7-car experimental high-speed train
HSR-350x
, originally intended as the prototype of a train with 20-car and 11-car versions for 350 km/h (217.5 mph) commercial service.
[10]
[11]
The experimental train was used for trials from 2002, and achieved the South Korean rail speed record of 352.4 km/h (219.0 mph) on December 16, 2004.
[12]
Already before HSR-350x was finished, in 2001, a study focusing on the needs of the less frequented
Honam Line
proposed a modified, modular train that allows shorter configurations by removing traction equipment from the intermediate cars next to the traction heads, while reducing top speed to 300 km/h (186.4 mph).
[10]
Possible configurations would have been 12-car, 10-car, and 8-car versions with two traction heads and 8-car, 6-car versions with one traction head and a driving trailer.
[10]
The versions with two traction heads would have offered 500, 384 and 268 seats respectively.
[10]
The active passenger compartment pressure control system of the HSR-350x wasn't deemed necessary for the proposed Honam high-speed train, only pressure isolation as in the KTX-I.
[10]
The view that shorter trains have to be added to the KTX rolling stock for operational flexibility was reinforced by the actual
Honam KTX
seat occupation trends after the launch of KTX services on April 1, 2004, with the 20-car KTX-I trains.
[13]
In July 2005, the Ministry of Construction and Transportation earmarked
\
80 billion for two 10-car commercial trains for 300 km/h (186.4 mph), destined for planned KTX services on the
Jeolla Line
from 2008.
[14]
In October 2005, however, Korail called competitive bids. Rotem, offering a commercial version of the HSR-350x, was chosen over Alstom as preferred bidder for the \300 billion order in December 2005.
[15]
The order for 10 trains for a price equal to $306 million was placed on June 6, 2006.
[16]
Six of the trainsets were intended for the Honam KTX service from June 2009, four for the Jeolla KTX service from June 2010.
[16]
[17]
A second batch of nine sets was ordered in December 2007, intended for
Gyeongjeon KTX
services between Seoul and
Masan
,
[18]
to be delivered by December 2010.
[17]
A third batch of five sets was ordered on December 9, 2008; for delivery by December 2011, intended to strengthen
Gyeongbu KTX
services.
[19]
A mock-up showing the exterior and interior design of two passenger cars was shown at exhibitions in 2007, with one of the mock-up cars built as a driving trailer to also display the nose design of the traction heads of the actual train.
[20]
On November 25, 2008, the first KTX-II set was revealed to the public in a roll-out ceremony at the Hyundai Rotem factory in
Changwon
.
[21]
Hyundai Rotem also offered the KTX-II in the competition to supply rolling stock for
Brazil
's
Rio?Sao Paulo
project.
[22]
Technical details
[
edit
]
Like the HSR-350x, the KTX-II consists of two traction heads, that is the power cars at both ends, and an articulated set of trailers for passengers in-between; but the number of intermediate cars is eight, and no intermediate car is powered.
[23]
Two sets can be coupled together
[24]
with automatic
couplers
of the
Scharfenberg
type.
[25]
The couplers and the surrounding structure form an integral unit, the so-called front ends, which were supplied by German industrial company
Voith
.
[25]
The vehicles received a new exterior front shape,
[11]
designed by French design studio MBD Design.
[26]
The aerodynamic shape was inspired by the
cherry salmon
, an indigenous fish.
[27]
[28]
Like for the HSR-350x,
[11]
the carbody of intermediate cars is made of aluminum.
[3]
Unlike the HSR-350x, the vehicle lacks bogie shrouding. Compared to the KTX-I, window thickness was increased from 29 to 38 mm (1.14 to 1.50 in) by adding a fourth layer, to improve sound insulation and pressurization.
[27]
The total width of passenger cars was increased from 2,904 to 2,970 mm (9 ft 6.3 in to 9 ft 8.9 in).
[23]
The KTX-II's
traction motors
, converters, traction control and braking system are domestic developments resulting from the HSR-350x programme.
[29]
The traction motors are asynchronous
induction motors
like those of the HSR-350x, rather than
synchronous motors
as on the KTX-I.
[24]
Final drive
gearboxes
were supplied by Voith.
[25]
The power electronics in the converters use newly available
IGBTs
, supplied by American semiconductor manufacturer
IXYS Corporation
,
[30]
rather than the originally foreseen
[9]
but unreliable
IGCTs
of the HSR-350x.
[31]
Each traction converter consists of two parallel-switched four-quadrant converters, which function as
rectifier
modules by converting single-phase
alternating current
(AC) from one main transformer winding each to
direct current
(DC), a 2,800 V DC intermediate circuit, and one
inverter
module converting the DC supply to the three-phase AC supply for traction motors.
[4]
Each converter supplies the motors on two axles of a bogie, providing for individual bogie control.
[4]
All auxiliary power is supplied by separate 1 MW auxiliary units, one per traction head, consisting of two pairs of parallel-switched IGBT-based converter modules acting as rectifiers between one main transformer winding and the 670 V DC
head end power
.
[4]
The VVVF inverters for the motor and converter cooling fans and the air compressor, the constant voltage constant frequency (CVCF) inverters for the cab air-conditioning, the battery charge, the on-board AC supply
[3]
and the oil pumps are connected to the head end power within the auxiliary unit.
[4]
The pantograph, supplied by Austrian company Melecs MWW, is a standard type certified for 350 km/h (217 mph) and also used on
Deutsche Bahn
's
ICE S
experimental and test train, the
Siemens Velaro
high-speed train family, and the
China Railways CRH2
.
[7]
The pantographs were eventually replaced with
Faiveley
CX-NG, another standard high speed pantograph used in many railway systems.
[32]
The train can accelerate from 0 to 300 km/h (0.0 to 186.4 mph) in 316 seconds, in contrast to 365 seconds for the KTX-I.
[23]
Design speed is 330 km/h (205.1 mph),
[3]
and revenue service speed is 305 km/h (189.5 mph),
[33]
similar to the KTX-I.
[23]
Braking distance from 300 km/h (186.4 mph) is 3,300 m (10,827 ft).
[2]
The third intermediate car offers elevated comfort First Class seating, the others Standard Class.
[1]
Swivelling seats, which can be rotated around at terminal stations so that they always face in the direction of travel, are installed in both classes, rather than only in First Class as on the KTX-I.
[24]
Compared to the KTX-I, seat distance was increased from 930 to 980
mm
(36.61 to 38.58
in
) to provide more leg room.
[24]
The fourth passenger car houses a snack bar and family compartments with separated facing seats.
[1]
Other passenger comfort features include wireless internet access and digital multimedia broadcasts,
[3]
and business compartments with small tables.
[34]
Like on the KTX-I, all passenger compartments are equipped with ceiling-mounted video displays, but 19-inch (483 mm) LCD screens are used instead of 17-inch (432 mm) ones.
[23]
Unlike those of the KTX-I,
[23]
the KTX-II passenger compartments were fitted with fire detectors.
[27]
Toilet doors were automatised,
[23]
and the toilet in the first passenger car is suited for disabled persons.
[1]
In addition to
Automatic Train Control
(ATC) for high-speed lines and traditional
Automatic train stop
(ATS) for conventional lines, the trains were among the first to be equipped with the new domestically developed ATP automatic train protection system.
[35]
The
ERTMS
-compatible system is meant as an improvement over ATS on conventional lines, and makes shorter braking distances possible by allowing braking from full speed to stop in one step.
[35]
Domestic added value was increased from 58% for the KTX-I to 87%.
[24]
According to the Korea Railroad Research Institute, the purchase of KTX-II trains was calculated to save 840 billion won compared to a forecast spending of 7,500 billion won until 2020 if high-speed trains had been imported.
[36]
Operation
[
edit
]
Following testing, the KTX-II carried its first passengers in a preview run on February 11, 2010.
[27]
[34]
After a naming competition held in the next ten days, the KTX-II was officially renamed as KTX-Sancheon (KTX
山川
).
[37]
Sancheon
comes from
sancheoneo
(
山川魚
), the
Korean
word for
cherry salmon
(
Oncorhynchus masou masou
).
Commercial KTX-Sancheon service started on March 2, 2010.
[38]
In contrast to the original plans, the first trains are used both in Honam and Gyeongbu KTX service.
[27]
[39]
Korail started to operate its first pair of non-stop services on the Seoul?Busan relation on December 1, 2010,
[40]
[41]
using KTX-Sancheon trains.
[42]
Gyeongjeon KTX service to Masan started on December 15, 2010.
[43]
[44]
Until December 2010, KTX-Sancheon trains broke down 15 times, with most incidents related to the signal device.
[45]
Domestic observers expressed fear that the news of the breakdowns will negatively impact Rotem's chances in the competition to supply the Rio?Sao Paulo project or the
US
state of
California
's
CHSR
project, while Korail argued that the publication of start-up glitches is a result of its policy to make all information public, contrasting it with Chinese makers.
[46]
On February 11, 2011, a KTX-Sancheon train
[47]
bound for Seoul from Busan derailed on a switch in a tunnel 500 m (1,640 ft 5 in) before
Gwangmyeong Station
,
[48]
when travelling at around 90 km/h (55.9 mph).
[49]
Only one passenger suffered slight injury.
[47]
Preliminary investigation found no problems with the train,
[50]
but indicated that the accident was caused by human errors by maintenance workers.
[48]
At the time, three cars of the train were reserved for the
President of South Korea
,
Lee Myung-bak
's, entourage, but he was not on board at the time of the accident.
[48]
Classes 120000 train sets are currently on loan to SR for SRT service between Suseo and Busan/Mokpo.
[51]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
"High Speed Trains"
. Rotem. October 2010. Archived from
the original
on 2011-07-22
. Retrieved
2010-11-23
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
"KTX의 길이, 重量, 便宜施設은 어떻게 되나요?"
. Korail. Archived from
the original
on 2011-07-22
. Retrieved
2010-11-07
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
"KTX-II"
(PDF)
. Rotem. 2009-01-20
. Retrieved
2010-11-19
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
"KTX-II 電氣裝置 一般"
(in Korean). myktx.kr, Korail. Archived from
the original
(PPT)
on 2011-07-22
. Retrieved
2011-02-20
.
- ^
a
b
c
"最高試驗速度 400km/h 動力分散式 次世代 高速列車 開發(HEMU-400X)"
.
Korean Rail Technology
(in Korean). January?February 2009. Archived from
the original
on 2011-07-21
. Retrieved
2011-03-13
.
- ^
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(PDF)
(in Korean). Rotem
. Retrieved
2010-11-19
.
- ^
a
b
"Pantograph SSS 400+"
(PDF)
. Melecs MWW. Archived from
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(PDF)
on 2011-07-14
. Retrieved
2010-11-22
.
- ^
"KTX opens for commercial service"
. Alstom. 2004-04-01. Archived from
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on 2011-06-15
. Retrieved
2010-12-31
.
- ^
a
b
Lee, Kyung Chul (May 2005),
"Launch of Korean High-Speed Railway and Efforts to Innovate Future Korean Railway"
(PDF)
,
Japan Railway & Transport Review
(48): 30?35, archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 2011-06-13
, retrieved
2011-03-13
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
湖南高速鐵道 車輛 시스템 設計에 關한 硏究
(PDF)
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on 2011-07-22
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
a
b
c
Kim, Kihwan (May 2008).
"Korea Develops High-Speed Ambitions"
.
International Railway Journal
. pp. 35?36
. Retrieved
2010-11-04
.
- ^
"Trans-Korean Railway"
(PDF)
.
Korean Rail Technology
.
1
: 4?5. May?June 2005. Archived from
the original
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on 2012-03-10
. Retrieved
2010-11-04
.
- ^
D. Suh, Sunduck; Yang, Keun-Yul; Lee, Jae-Hoon; Ahn, Byung-Min; Kim, Jeong Hyun (2005).
"Effects of Korean Train Express (KTX) Operation on the National Transport System"
(PDF)
.
Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies
.
5
: 175?189
. Retrieved
2010-08-27
.
- ^
"Korea to Build Own Bullet Trains"
.
The Chosun Ilbo
. 2005-07-28
. Retrieved
2010-11-06
.
- ^
韓國型高速鐵 國土달린다
(in Korean). Korail. 2005-12-03. Archived from
the original
on 2011-07-22
. Retrieved
2010-11-07
.
- ^
a
b
"HSR-350x to Launch Service in 2009"
(PDF)
.
Korean Rail Technology
.
5
: 04?05. September 2006. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 2011-07-21
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
a
b
Chris Jackson (2008-09-05).
"We are making steady efforts to become a global leader"
.
Railway Gazette International
. Retrieved
2010-09-23
.
- ^
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.
Newsletter
. Hyundai Rotem. March 2008
. Retrieved
2010-11-24
.
- ^
"Hyundai Rotem wins orders from KORAIL for commuter EMUs and further KTX-II"
.
Newsletter
. Hyundai Rotem. January 2009
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
"Exhibited at Yongsan Station & Seodaejeon Station: KTX-II, A Pride of Korea!"
.
Newsletter
. Rotem. July 2007
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.
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코레일, 25日 現代로템 昌原工場서 出庫行事...各界 人士 500餘名 參席
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.
- ^
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.
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. 2010-03-30
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.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
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(in Korean). Rail Safety Information System. 2009-04-01. Archived from
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on 2011-07-22
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
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. Hyundai Rotem. 2008-11-25
. Retrieved
2009-01-19
.
- ^
a
b
c
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. Voith Turbo. 2008-06-26
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.
- ^
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. agence pour la promotion de la creation industrielle. 2008. Archived from
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on 2011-07-20
. Retrieved
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- ^
a
b
c
d
e
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(PDF)
.
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[
permanent dead link
]
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.
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.
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- ^
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AllBusiness.com,
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.
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(in Korean). Korea Institute of Construction & Transportation Technology Evaluation and Planning (KICTEP). November 2008
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[
permanent dead link
]
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www.ftczech.com
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(in Korean).
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.
- ^
a
b
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.
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a
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.
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.
- ^
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.
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'KTX-山川'으로 불러주세요"
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"
'KTX-山川' 오늘(2日) 첫 運行"
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.
- ^
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(in Korean). Korail
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.
- ^
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.
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. 2010-12-01
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
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(in Korean). Korail
. Retrieved
2010-12-09
.
- ^
"慶全線 서울~馬山間 KTX 豫約ㆍ豫賣 알림"
(in Korean). Korail. 2010-12-06. Archived from
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on 2011-07-22
. Retrieved
2010-12-09
.
- ^
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(in Korean). Korail
. Retrieved
2010-12-09
.
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.
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.
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2010-10-30
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a
b
"KTX causes safety concern"
.
The Korea Times
. 2011-02-14
. Retrieved
2011-02-17
.
- ^
a
b
c
"One loose nut derailed KTX train"
.
Joongang Ilbo
. 2011-02-15
. Retrieved
2011-02-17
.
- ^
"高速이었다면 KTX 慘事 날 뻔"
.
The Dong-a Ilbo
. 2011-02-11
. Retrieved
2011-02-11
.
- ^
"KTX Derailment Caused by Loose Nut"
.
The Chosun Ilbo
. 2011-02-14
. Retrieved
2011-02-18
.
- ^
"
'水西發 KTX' 코레일 系列社로 民營化 終止符"
.
Newsis
(in Korean). 2013-12-05
. Retrieved
2021-02-22
.
External links
[
edit
]
Media related to
KTX-Sancheon
at Wikimedia Commons
|
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Current/Active
| |
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Retired/Withdrawn
| |
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Experimental
| High-speed trains
| |
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Multiple units
| |
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|
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|
|
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|
Technologies
| |
---|
High-speed trains
| 350 km/h
(217 mph)
or more
| |
---|
300?349 km/h
(186?217 mph)
|
- Renfe Class 100
,
102
,
103
- Alstom AGV
- China Railway
Hexie
CRH2C
,
3C
,
380A
/
MTR CRH380A
,
380B
,
380C
,
380D
- ETR 500
- ETR 400
- Eurostar e300
;
e320
- ICE 3
- KTX-I
,
II (Sancheon)
,
KTX-Cheongryong
- Oaris
- Shinkansen Series 500
,
N700
,
N700S
,
E5/H5
,
E6
,
E8
- AVRIL
- TGV Sud-Est (refurbished)
,
Atlantique
,
Reseau
,
Duplex
,
POS
,
2N2
,
M (Avelia Horizon)
- TCDD HT80000
- Thalys PBA, PBKA
- THSR 700T
- Siemens Velaro
|
---|
250?299 km/h
(155?186 mph)
|
- Avelia Liberty
- China Star
,
DJF2
,
China Railway
Hexie
CRH1A, 1B, 1E
,
2A, 2B, 2E, 2G
,
3A
,
5A, 5E, 5G
,
China Railway
Fuxing
CR300AF
,
CR300BF
- ICE
1
,
2
,
4
(ICx)
- KTX-Eum
- New Pendolino
- Renfe Class 120, 121
,
130
- Sapsan
- SBB RABe 501
,
RABe 503
- Shinkansen Series 200
,
300
,
700
,
800
,
E2
,
E3
,
E7/W7
- TCDD HT65000
- TGV Sud-Est (original)
,
La Poste
- V250
|
---|
200?249 km/h
(124?155 mph)
|
- Acela
- ACS-64
- Adelante
- APT
- Renfe Class 101
- China Railway DJJ1
,
China Railway
Hexie
CRH6
,
China Railway
Fuxing
CR200J
- ER200
- HHP-8
- IC4
- ICNG
- InterCity 125
,
225
- ICE T
,
TD
,
ICE L
- Javelin
- NSB Class 71 (Flytoget)
- NSB Class 73
- NSB Class 74
- Pendolino
- Railjet
- Regina
- Shinkansen series 0
,
100
,
400
,
E1
,
E4
- SBB RABDe 500
,
RABDe 502
,
RABe 502
,
Re 460
- SC-44
- SCB-40
- X 2000
,
SJ X40
- Z-TER (Z 21500)
- Sokol
- British Rail Classes 800
,
801
,
802
,
803
,
805
,
807
,
810
- Talgo XXI
- Voyager/Meridian
- X3
|
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|
|
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High-speed railway line
| |
---|
By countries and territories
planned networks in italics
| |
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