Jose de Espronceda
El escritor Jose de Espronceda , portrait by Antonio Maria Esquivel (c.1845) ( Museo del Prado , Madrid) [1]
Born	Jose Ignacio Javier Oriol Encarnacion de Espronceda y Delgado ( 1808-03-25 ) 25 March 1808 Almendralejo , Province of Badajoz , Extremadura, Spain
Died	23 May 1842 (1842-05-23) (aged 34) Madrid , Spain
Resting place	Cementerio de San Justo
Nationality (legal)	Spanish
Occupation(s)	Poet, writer and journalist
Movement	Romanticism
Children	Blanca Espronceda de Escosura (1834?1900)
Parent	Camilo de Espronceda (father)

Jose Ignacio Javier Oriol Encarnacion de Espronceda y Delgado (25 March 1808 ? 23 May 1842) ^[2] was a Romantic Spanish poet, one of the most representative authors of the 19th century. ^[3] He was influenced by Eugenio de Ochoa , Federico Madrazo , Alfred Tennyson , Richard Chenevix Trench and Diego de Alvear . ^[4]

Life [ edit ]

Espronceda was born in Almendralejo , at the Province of Badajoz . ^[5] As a youth, he studied at the Colegio San Mateo at Madrid , having Alberto Lista as a teacher. When he was 15 years old, he formed a secret society named " Los Numantinos " alongside his friends Ventura de la Vega and Patricio de la Escosura , conspiring against Ferdinand VII and intending to avenge the death of Rafael del Riego . For this, he was imprisoned in a monastery and exiled. ^[6] Afterward, he left Spain and lived in Lisbon , Belgium, France, England and Holland . On his return to Spain in 1833, he became active in the extreme left-wing of Spanish political culture. Espronceda is also known for his affair with Teresa Mancha , for whom he wrote "Canto a Teresa" (from El diablo mundo ). He died of diphtheria in 1842.

In 1902, his body was moved to Panteon de Hombres Ilustres , Spain. ^[7]

Literary production [ edit ]

Having been inspired to a literary career by his teacher Alberto Lista , Espronceda began to write the historical poem El Pelayo during his stay in the monastery. The poem was never completed. Later he wrote the novel Sancho Saldana . His other important works include El estudiante de Salamanca , whose main character is Don Felix de Montemar, El mendigo , ¡Guerra! , Al dos de mayo and El diablo mundo , ^[3] long lyric poems , the latter remained unfinished. Also important were A Jarifa en una orgia , El verdugo , ^[3] El canto del cosaco , La cancion del pirata ^[3] and Himno al sol . Many of his works display the tendencies of Romanticism , and along with Jose Zorrilla he is considered Spain's most important Romantic poet, as well as the most rebellious. ^{[ citation needed ]} In 2006 Diego Martinez Torron has published the first annotated edition of the complete works of Jose de Espronceda with unpublished text, and with also unpublished text in El otro Espronceda . ^{[8] [9]}

References [ edit ]

Bibliography [ edit ]

• Marrast, Robert (1974). Jose de Espronceda et son temps. Litterature, societe, politique au temps du romantisme . Paris: Editions Klincksieck.
• "De Gibraltar a Lisboa, viaje historico". El Pensamiento . LXXII (8). Biblioteca de Autores Espanoles: 174?177. 31 August 1841.
• "Un recuerdo". El Pensamiento . LXXII (3). Biblioteca de Autores Espanoles: 60?64. 15 June 1841.
• "Politica general". El Pensamiento . LXXII (1). Biblioteca de Autores Espanoles: 12?15. 15 May 1841.
• de la Escosura, Patricio (1879). Discurso...Madrid . p. 79.
• Casalduero, Joaquin (1967). Espronceda (2nd ed.). Madrid. {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link )
• Zorrilla, Jose (1882?1883). Recuerdos del tiempo viejo . Vol. I. Madrid. pp. 46?50. {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link )
• Geoffrey Brereton , Quelques precisions sur les sources d'Espronceda (Paris, 1933)

External links [ edit ]

Spanish Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Jose de Espronceda (original works in Spanish)

• Works by Jose de Espronceda at Project Gutenberg
• Works by or about Jose de Espronceda at Internet Archive
• Works by Jose de Espronceda at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)