Chilean lawyer and politician (born 1966)
In this
Spanish name
, the first or paternal
surname
is
Kast
and the second or maternal family name is
Rist
.
Jose Antonio Kast Rist
(born 18 January 1966), also known by his initials
JAK
, is a
Chilean
lawyer and politician. Kast ran for
president
in 2021,
winning the first round and losing in the second round
run-off to
Gabriel Boric
.
Part of a prominent political family, his father
Michael Kast
was a lieutenant in the
Nazi Germany
Army
and his brother
Miguel Kast
worked as the minister of State and president of the
Central Bank of Chile
during the dictatorship of
Augusto Pinochet
. He served as a member of the
Chamber of Deputies
from 2002 to 2018, representing District 24 of
Penalolen
and
La Reina
. Kast was a member of the
Independent Democratic Union
until 2016, becoming an
independent politician
until 2019 when he formed the
conservative
Chilean Republican Party
and the
think tank
Republican Ideas
. He previously ran for president as an independent candidate in the
2017 Chilean general election
, and has been the leader of Republican Action (
Accion Republicana
) since 2018.
Kast has been labelled as
far right
, and supports
law-and-order
messaging and
free-market
economic policies, while opposing
abortion
,
same-sex marriage
,
divorce
,
birth control
,
euthanasia
, and
illegal immigration
.
Early life
[
edit
]
Kast's parents,
Michael Kast Schindele
and Olga Rist Hagspiel, were originally from
Bavaria
. His father had been a
lieutenant
in the
German Army
and a
Nazi Party
member,
[1]
[2]
who fled to Chile in December 1950 during the
denazification
of Germany and settled in
Buin
, a commune within the
Maipo Department
in
Santiago Province
(current
Santiago Metropolitan Region
).
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
Kast's mother, along with two of his siblings,
Michael (later Miguel)
and Barbara, arrived in Chile in 1951.
[3]
[5]
The family founded
Cecinas Bavaria
, a sausage factory, in 1962, where the family made most of their fortune.
[4]
[5]
In total, Kast's parents had 10 children, three of whom predeceased their parents.
[8]
The Intercept
noted that Michael Kast Schindele parented children "who shared his
far-right politics
".
[7]
Kast's late brother Miguel was an economist and
Chicago Boy
who served under
Augusto Pinochet
as labor minister and president of the
Central Bank of Chile
, and Kast is also the uncle of
Political Evolution
senator
Felipe Kast
.
[9]
Kast studied law at the
Pontifical Catholic University of Chile
, where he came in contact with the
Movimiento Gremialista
(Guildist Movement).
[8]
He was a candidate for the presidency of the university's student federation (FEUC). As a student, Kast appeared on the
1988 Chilean national plebiscite
electoral space, supporting the option to extend Pinochet's rule for eight more years.
[10]
[11]
Kast founded a
law firm
in 1990. He was also the director of a real estate company owned by his family in the 1990s.
[12]
Political career
[
edit
]
Between 1996 and 2000, Kast was a councilman in
Buin
. In 2001, he was elected as a member of the
Chamber of Deputies
for District 30 of
San Bernardo
. He was the Secretary General of the Independent Democratic Union, a party from which he resigned in order to run for president.
[10]
[13]
While in the Chamber of Deputies, Kast gained the support of the
Bishop of San Bernardo
Juan Ignacio Gonzalez Errazuriz
, with the bishop writing a four-page document instructing his congregation to support those against
emergency contraception
and
same-sex marriage
.
[14]
The support from the bishop was instrumental with Kast establishing his political career, with Kast's advocacy against
contraception
playing an important role in developing his support.
[14]
2017 presidential campaign
[
edit
]
Kast's 2017 presidential campaign logo
On 18 August 2017, Kast officially registered his independent candidacy with the Electoral Service, presenting 43,461 signatures.
[15]
He was supported by
right-wing
,
conservative
,
libertarian
,
nationalist
and
retired military
groups, among others.
[16]
[17]
[18]
Kast promoted a "less taxes,
less government
,
pro-life
" stance,
[19]
as well as anti-
illegal immigration
[20]
government programs. His support of the former
military government
led to much controversy during his campaign, especially his proposal to forgive convicts over 80 years old who have
age-related illnesses
, including those who were convicted of
human rights violations under Pinochet's government
.
[19]
He received 523,213 votes in the
2017 presidential election
, representing 7.93% of the total votes and landing in the fourth place, although opinion polls only showed a 2% to 3% support for him.
[21]
In the second round of the election, he supported
Sebastian Pinera
, who won the election. He remarked that "[In today's world,] Chileans need God", and said that the state should promote religion in schools by having available teachers for this subject when students choose to have them.
[22]
2018?2021
[
edit
]
Republican Party logo, 2019
In terms of international relations, Kast proposed closing the border with
Bolivia
, arguing this measure would allow for a more effective fight against drug trafficking. In 2018, he called on the government to sever diplomatic relations with France in retaliation for the asylum granted to former guerrilla Ricardo Palma Salamanca.
[23]
In March 2018, during a tour of Chilean universities, Kast was scheduled to give a talk at the
Arturo Prat University
in
Iquique
, but was physically assaulted by protesters opposed to his political views.
[24]
Kast also claimed censorship by the
University of Concepcion
[25]
and the
Austral University of Chile
.
[26]
In the
2018 Brazilian general election
, Kast supported
Jair Bolsonaro
.
[27]
In April 2018, Kast launched the right-wing political movement called Republican Action.
[28]
In September 2019, Kast was accused of failing to declare money transferred to companies in
Panama
. Kast recognized the existence of these companies but denied that he owned them, saying they were owned by his brother, Christian Kast. He then defended the right of Chilean people to invest abroad.
[29]
In May 2019, he created the
think tank
Republican Ideas
and in June 2019 he created the Chilean
Republican Party
. He opposed the demonstrations that took place during the
2019 Chilean protests
, saying that they were not part of a social movement but were instead acts of violence organized by
terrorists
.
[10]
As approval for the protests decreased, Kast was able to establish support of Chileans who opposed the violence observed during the protests.
[30]
During the
2020 Chilean national plebiscite
regarding changing the
Constitution of Chile
, he was one of the main supporters and campaigners for rejecting the option,
[10]
which received 21.72% of the vote; the constitutional change was approved by 78.28% of the vote.
[
citation needed
]
In the
2021 Chilean Constitutional Convention election
, Kast made a political pact with the center-right coalition
Chile Vamos
to form a joint list of candidates for the election called
Vamos por Chile
. The list obtained 20.6% of the vote, representing less than one-third of the
Constitutional Convention
. Kast proposed one of the main candidates of the pact,
Teresa Marinovic
, whose political views aligned with Kast's but was not well received by parts of the center-right. However, Marinovic won with a high percentage of votes and, thanks to the
D'Hondt method
, many other candidates were able to enter the Constitutional Convention with her triumph.
[
citation needed
]
2021 presidential campaign
[
edit
]
Kast in the 2021 presidential campaign
In 2018, Kast confirmed his intentions of running for president in the
2021 Chilean general election
.
[31]
In this election, he ran under his own Republican Party along with candidates for the Chamber of Deputies and
Senate
, unlike in his previous presidential candidacy in 2017, in which he ran as an independent. Kast formed the
Christian Social Front
, a political pact to present a list of candidates from the Republican Party and the
Christian Conservative Party
. Kast has held campaign proposals that have been controversial. He supports the
pardoning
of former Pinochet officials of "advanced age", which would generally include all officials imprisoned. He also proposed banning abortion, fusing the
Ministry of Women and Gender Equality
, remove Chile from the
United Nations Human Rights Council
and building more prisons.
[7]
During his campaigning, Kast used the slogan "make Chile a great country", which was compared to
Donald Trump
's
Make America Great Again
slogan,
[32]
with some supporters wearing Make America Great Again apparel at his events.
[33]
[34]
[35]
Kast did not participate in the
Chile Vamos
presidential primary
, which was won by
Sebastian Sichel
. Sichel was considered as the main right-wing candidate in the polls at the beginning of the election. However, after the first debate on television, Kast started to surpass Sichel and became the top candidate on the right. He received the most votes in the first round of the election, nearly 28% of total votes cast, and he qualified for the run-off against
Gabriel Boric
.
[36]
Following his success in the first round, Kast garnered the support of most of Chile's right-wing groups, including President
Sebastian Pinera
.
[30]
Internationally, Kast has found solidarity with other right-wing figures, signing the
Madrid Charter
? a document condemning left-wing groups in
Ibero-America
authored by the far-right
Vox
party of Spain ? beside other international signatories;
Rafael Lopez Aliaga
of Peru,
Javier Milei
of Argentina and
Eduardo Bolsonaro
of Brazil, the son of President
Jair Bolsonaro
.
[37]
On 30 November 2021, Kast began to make international connections during his campaign, meeting in
Washington, D.C.
, with
Republican
United States Senator
Marco Rubio
, the Chilean ambassador to the
Organization of American States
and at least twenty American business executives invested in Chile, including Maria Paulina Uribe of
PepsiCo
.
[7]
[30]
[38]
On 19 December 2021, Kast conceded defeat after losing to Boric in the run-off and promised "constructive collaboration".
[39]
Political positions
[
edit
]
Speaking at CPAC Hungary 2024
Kast has been described as a
far-right
,
[40]
which he denies,
[41]
and is a supporter of former
dictator
Augusto Pinochet
.
[33]
He has called for a "firm hand" to govern Chile.
[37]
[5]
[42]
[43]
[44]
Kast is a
conservative
,
[45]
[46]
[47]
and supports
law and order
and
free-market
economic policies, saying the 2021 election was a choice "between freedom and communism ? between democracy and communism".
[33]
[48]
[49]
Kast has expressed
right-wing populist
positions,
[50]
[51]
and he opposes
illegal immigration
,
abortion
, and
same-sex marriage
in Chile, supporting social benefits only for women who are married.
[30]
[52]
Concerning heritage and culture, Kast claims to "defend Chile's European heritage and national unity against the left's espousal of indigenous groups and multiculturalism."
[37]
Kast
rejects
the
overwhelming scientific consensus
on
climate change
, downplaying its dangers and denying mankind's contribution to it.
[30]
His public speaking mannerisms and conservatism have been compared to Brazilian president
Jair Bolsonaro
.
[53]
Kast's support for a ditch along the Chile-Bolivia border to reduce illegal immigration has been compared to former U.S president
Donald Trump
's support for a
wall
along the
Mexico?United States border
.
[54]
[55]
Personal life
[
edit
]
Kast is married to Maria Pia Adriasola; the couple has nine children.
[56]
He is a practising
Catholic
and a member of the
Schoenstatt Apostolic Movement
.
[8]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Frank, Jordans; Joshua, Goodman (8 December 2021).
"Father's Nazi past haunts Chilean presidential frontrunner"
.
AP NEWS
.
Archived
from the original on 19 December 2021
. Retrieved
21 December
2021
.
- ^
"Chile's new president promises to bury neoliberalism"
.
Economist
. The Economist
. Retrieved
20 December
2021
.
- ^
a
b
Ibarra M., Valeria (31 July 2011).
"Historia del clan Kast mezcla negocios, politica y religion"
.
El Mercurio
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
18 November
2021
.
- ^
a
b
Salazar Salvo, Manuel (15 June 2019).
"El origen del clan de los Kast en Chile"
.
Interferencia
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
21 December
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
"Kast reinvindica a Pinochet y quiere devolver el orden a Chile"
.
France 24
.
Agence France-Presse
. 18 November 2021
. Retrieved
24 November
2021
.
- ^
Slate Escanilla, Christian (29 June 2017).
"Del Bavaria a la Moneda"
.
Diario El Dia
(in Spanish). Archived from
the original
on 18 November 2021
. Retrieved
21 December
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Grim, Ryan; Hibbett, Maia (1 December 2021).
"Marco Rubio Met With Far-Right Chilean Candidate Tied to Military Dictatorship"
.
The Intercept
.
Archived
from the original on 1 December 2021
. Retrieved
21 December
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
Ibarra, Valeria (31 July 2011).
"Historia del clan Kast mezcla negocios, politica y religion"
(in Spanish).
El Mercurio
. Retrieved
18 October
2017
.
- ^
"¿Jose Antonio o Felipe?: "Es lo que nos preguntamos en los almuerzos familiares"
"
(in Spanish).
La Segunda
. 7 April 2017
. Retrieved
27 August
2017
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Davila, Mireya (January 2020).
"La reemergencia del pinochetismo"
.
Barometro de politica y equidad
.
16
: 49?69.
- ^
"Video: El dia en que Jose Antonio Kast apoyo a Pinochet en la franja del SI"
.
El Desconcierto
(in Spanish). 10 September 2018
. Retrieved
12 June
2019
.
- ^
Ojeda G, Juan Manuel (1 September 2019).
"La ruta de los dineros de Jose Antonio Kast"
.
La Tercera
.
- ^
Political Handbook of the World 2015
at
Google Books
- ^
a
b
Munoz Leon, Fernando (2014). "Morning-After Decisions: Legal Mobilization Against Emergency Contraception in Chile".
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
.
21
(1).
University of Michigan Law School
: 123?175.
- ^
"Servicio Electoral vive jornada de formalizacion de pacto y declaraciones de candidaturas ? Servicio Electoral de Chile"
.
www.servel.cl
(in Spanish).
- ^
"Jose Antonio Kast: "Yo si defiendo con orgullo la obra del gobierno militar"
"
(in Spanish).
The Clinic
. 11 August 2017
. Retrieved
27 August
2017
.
- ^
"Out From the Shadow of Pinochet: A Guide to Chile's Election"
.
Bloomberg News
. 7 July 2017
. Retrieved
27 August
2017
.
- ^
Jimenez, Marcela.
"Kast y la irrupcion de la ultraderecha: avanza el ejercito en las sombras"
.
El Mostrador
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
22 December
2017
.
- ^
a
b
Montes, Rocio (13 November 2017).
"El presidenciable chileno que reivindica a Pinochet"
.
El Pais
(in Spanish).
ISSN
1134-6582
. Retrieved
23 April
2018
.
- ^
"Jose Antonio Kast: No queremos que otros se aprovechen y vengan pensando que van a salvar sus vidas"
(in Spanish). 11 October 2017
. Retrieved
23 April
2018
.
- ^
"Una sorpresa llamada Kast - Revista Que Pasa"
.
Revista Que Pasa
(in European Spanish). 20 November 2017
. Retrieved
22 December
2017
.
- ^
Jara, Alejandra (3 November 2017).
"Kast propone profesores de religion en todos los colegios publicos: "A los chilenos les hace falta Dios"
"
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
16 May
2021
.
- ^
"Polemique apres l'asile accorde par la France a un ex-guerillero chilien"
.
Les Echos
. 6 November 2018.
- ^
Tercera, La (25 March 2018).
"Jose Antonio Kast por agresion en Iquique: "No puedo permitir que me caricaturicen"
"
.
La Tercera
.
- ^
"J.A. Kast invoca Ley Zamudio contra Universidad de Concepcion por no poder realizar una charla a estudiantes"
.
Emol
. 19 March 2018.
- ^
"Organizadores cancelan charla de J.A. Kast en la Universidad Austral: Ex diputado acusa censura por amenazas de grupos de izquierda"
.
Emol
. 12 April 2018.
- ^
"Jose Antonio Kast se reune con Bolsonaro y le regala camiseta de la Seleccion Chilena"
. 24 Horas. 18 October 2018
. Retrieved
14 January
2019
.
- ^
"Jose Antonio Kast lanza su movimiento Accion Republicana "para despertar a la gran mayoria silenciosa"
"
(in Spanish). 20 April 2018.
- ^
"Jose Antonio Kast reconoce "errores" tras revelacion de sociedades familiares en Panama"
(in Spanish). 3 September 2019
. Retrieved
16 May
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
Jara, Matias (5 December 2021).
"Kast: el candidato chileno que quiere construir zanjas en las fronteras con Peru y Bolivia"
.
Ojo Publico
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
"Kast anuncia carrera presidencial para elecciones de 2021 en seminario llamado "Marxismo Cultural"
"
.
BioBioChile
. Retrieved
16 December
2018
.
- ^
Brunstein, Carolina (21 November 2021).
"Elecciones en Chile: Jose Antonio Kast, el conservador que se presenta como 'el candidato del sentido comun'
"
.
Clarin
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
24 November
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
"Chile's right rejoices after pro-Pinochet candidate wins presidential first round"
.
The Guardian
. 22 November 2021
. Retrieved
24 November
2021
.
- ^
"Analysis | Chile's election is a window into Latin America's polarization"
.
Washington Post
.
ISSN
0190-8286
. Retrieved
24 November
2021
.
- ^
"Chile Elections"
.
Associated Press
. 21 November 2021.
- ^
"Eleccion de Presidente 2021"
.
Servicio Electoral de Chile
(in Spanish).
Archived
from the original on 23 November 2021
. Retrieved
23 November
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
"Spooked by Venezuela".
The Economist
. Vol. 9270, no. 441.
London
:
The Economist Intelligence Unit
. 6 November 2021. p. 49.
- ^
"Kast concluye reunion con senador republicano de EE.UU. Marco Rubio: "Pudimos abordar distintos temas de interes internacional"
"
.
El Mostrador
(in Spanish). 1 December 2021
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
"Leftist Boric set to become new Chile president as Kast concedes defeat"
. Deutsche Welle. 19 December 2021
. Retrieved
21 December
2021
.
- ^
Academic sources describing Kast and his party, the Republican Party, as far-right (
extrema derecha
in Spanish) are:
- Witte-Lebhar, Benjamin. "Confounding Experts, a Familiar Face Returns to Power in Chile." (2018).
https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur/14571
- Pandelo, Gabriela (22 November 2021).
"Entrevista con Ariel Goldstein: Cristianismos y poder en Latinoamerica"
.
Agenda Politica
(in Spanish).
9
(2): 301?313.
doi
:
10.31990/agenda.2021.2.11
.
ISSN
2318-8499
.
- Zanotti, Lisa; Roberts, Kenneth M. (2021).
"(Aun) la excepcion y no la regla: La derecha populista radical en America Latina"
.
Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Politica
.
30
(1): 23?48.
doi
:
10.26851/rucp.30.1.2
.
hdl
:
20.500.12008/28132
.
ISSN
1688-499X
.
S2CID
237982898
.
- Fabelo Concepcion, S. (2021). La puerta brasilena del proyecto Bannon en Latinoamerica: The Brazilian door of the Bannon project in Latin America. Cuadernos De Nuestra America, (53), 15. Recuperado a partir de
https://redint.isri.edu.cu/cna/article/view/8
- Bar-On, Tamir; Molas, Barbara (29 November 2021).
The Right and Radical Right in the Americas: Ideological Currents from Interwar Canada to Contemporary Chile
. Vol. 58. Rowman & Littlefield.
ISBN
978-1-7936-3583-9
.
- Toro Maureira, Sergio; Valenzuela Beltran, Macarena (August 2018).
"Chile 2017: ambiciones, estrategias y expectativas en el estreno de las nuevas reglas electorales"
.
Revista de ciencia politica (Santiago)
.
38
(2): 207?232.
doi
:
10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200207
.
ISSN
0718-090X
.
S2CID
240326031
.
- Luna, Juan Pablo; Rovira Kaltwasser, Cristobal (2021).
"Castigo a los oficialismos y ciclo politico de derecha en America Latina"
.
Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Politica
.
30
(1): 135?156.
doi
:
10.26851/rucp.30.1.6
.
hdl
:
20.500.12008/28139
.
ISSN
1688-499X
.
S2CID
237899231
.
- Campos Campos, Consuelo (2021).
"El Partido Republicano: el proyecto populista de la derecha radical chilena"
.
Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Politica
.
30
(1): 105?134.
doi
:
10.26851/rucp.30.1.5
.
hdl
:
20.500.12008/28140
.
ISSN
1688-499X
.
S2CID
237957053
.
- Rojas, Victor Crespo (1 June 2018).
"¿ Existe una vigencia del analisis weberiano de dominacion?"
.
Cuadernos de Sociologia
(in Spanish).
3
(1): 22?32.
ISSN
0719-9090
.
- Kaltwasser, Cristobal Rovira (11 July 2019).
"La (sobre)adaptacion programatica de la derecha chilena y la irrupcion de la derecha populista radical"
.
Colombia Internacional
(in Spanish) (99): 29?61.
doi
:
10.7440/colombiaint99.2019.02
.
S2CID
199176645
.
- Sanahuja, Jose Antonio; Burian, Camilo Lopez (2020).
"Las derechas neopatriotas en America Latina: contestacion al orden liberal internacional"
.
Revista CIDOB d'Afers Internacionals
(in Spanish) (126): 41?64.
doi
:
10.24241/rcai.2020.126.3.41
.
ISSN
2013-035X
.
S2CID
234524753
.
- Bunker, Kenneth (2018).
"La eleccion de 2017 y el fraccionamiento del sistema de partidos en Chile"
.
Revista chilena de derecho y ciencia politica
.
9
(2): 204?229.
ISSN
0718-9389
.
- ^
"Chilean presidential candidate Kast says he is not 'far right'
"
.
Reuters
. 12 November 2021
. Retrieved
14 December
2021
.
- ^
"Chile's presidential runoff pits Pinochet supporter against left-leaning reformer. Here's what to know"
.
The Washington Post
. 30 November 2021.
- ^
"El perfil del votante de Kast: Atraido por su discurso nacionalista y nostalgico del orden autoritario"
.
Emol
(in Spanish). 24 October 2017
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
Funk, Kevin (29 November 2021). "Chile at the Crossroads: Between Reform and Reaction".
Foreign Policy in Focus
. Inter-Hemispheric Resource Center Press.
Kast and others of xenophobic and racist sentiment in a country that has seen large numbers of arrivals in recent years from Haiti, Colombia, Venezuela, and elsewhere
- ^
"Chile's Conservative Candidate Kast Builds Out Economic Team"
.
www.bloomberg.com
. 25 November 2021
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
Miranda, Natalia A. Ramos (25 November 2021).
"Chilean conservative Kast strikes chord in provinces with 'firm hand' law and order message"
.
Reuters
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
"Will an ultra-conservative be Chile's next president?"
.
NBC News
. 22 November 2021
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
Funk, Robert L (26 October 2021).
"The Rise of Jose Antonio Kast in Chile"
.
Americas Quarterly
. Retrieved
24 November
2021
.
- ^
Miranda, Natalia A. Ramos (16 November 2021).
"Chile's Bolsonaro? Hard-right Kast rises with frank talk, crime focus"
.
Reuters
. Retrieved
24 November
2021
.
- ^
"Far-right populist, ex-protest leader set for runoff vote in Chile's presidential election"
.
The Guardian
. 21 November 2021
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
Ross, Jamie (22 November 2021).
"Far-Right Populist Who Wants to Build Anti-Migrant Ditch Takes Lead in Chile Election"
.
The Daily Beast
. Retrieved
7 December
2021
.
- ^
Bonnefoy, Pascale; Londono, Ernesto (21 November 2021).
"Jose Antonio Kast, Far-Right Candidate, Leads After First Round of Chile's Presidential Election"
.
The New York Times
.
ISSN
0362-4331
. Retrieved
3 December
2021
.
- ^
Miranda, Natalia A. Ramos (22 November 2021).
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"
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"Far-right legislator to meet left-wing activist in Chile's runoff"
.
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"Chile far-right candidate rides anti-migrant wave in presidential poll"
.
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"Un dia con Pia Adriasola, esposa de J.A. Kast: "Dios me compenso por tener menos marido con 9 hijos"
"
(in Spanish). El Dinamo. 4 August 2017
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