From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Greek physicist
John Iliopoulos
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Born
| 1940 (age 83–84)
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Scientific career
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Fields
| Particle physics
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Thesis
| Theoreme de basse energie et algebre des courants
(1968)
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John (Jean) Iliopoulos
(
Greek
: Ιω?ννη? Ηλι?πουλο?; 1940) is a
Greek
physicist
. He is the first person to present the
Standard Model
of
particle physics
in a single report.
[1]
He is best known for his prediction of the
charm quark
with
Sheldon Glashow
and
Luciano Maiani
(the "
GIM mechanism
").
[2]
Iliopoulos is also known for demonstrating the cancellation of
anomalies
in the Standard model.
[3]
He is further known for the
Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term
formula, which was introduced in 1974. He is currently an honorary member of Laboratory of
theoretical physics
of
Ecole Normale Superieure
, Paris.
Biography
[
edit
]
Iliopoulos graduated from
National Technical University of Athens
(NTUA) in 1962 as a Mechanical-Electrical Engineer. He continued his studies in the field of Theoretical Physics in
University of Paris
, and in 1963 he obtained the D.E.A, in 1965 the Doctorat 3e Cycle, and in 1968 the Doctorat d' Etat titles. Between the years 1966 and 1968 he was a scholar at
CERN
, Geneva. From 1969 till 1971 he was a Research Associate in
Harvard University
.
[4]
In 1971 he returned in Paris and began working at
CNRS
. He also held the director position of the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of
Ecole Normale Superieure
between the years 1991-1995 and 1998-2002. In 2002, Iliopoulos was the first recipient of the Aristeio prize, which has been instituted to recognize Greeks who have made significant contributions towards furthering their chosen fields of science. Iliopoulos and Maiani were jointly awarded the 1987
Sakurai Prize
for theoretical particle physics.
[5]
In 2007 Iliopoulos and Maiani received the
Dirac Medal of the ICTP
"(f)or their work on the physics of the charm quark, a major contribution to the birth of the Standard Model, the modern theory of Elementary Particles." And in 2011, Glashow, Iliopoulos, and Maiani received the
High Energy and Particle Physics Prize
, awarded by the
European Physical Society (EPS)
, "(f)or their crucial contribution to the theory of flavour, presently embedded in the Standard Theory of strong and electroweak interactions."
[6]
Scientific work
[
edit
]
Iliopoulos is a specialist in high energy theoretical physics and elementary particle physics. In 1970, in collaboration with
Sheldon Glashow
and
Luciano Maiani
, he introduced the so-called "
GIM mechanism
" (named after the three authors) which is an essential element of the theory of fundamental interactions known as the "
Standard Model
".
[7]
This mechanism postulates the existence of a new elementary particle, the "charmed"
quark
, a prediction that was confirmed by experience. In 1972, in collaboration with
Claude Bouchiat
and Philippe Meyer,
[8]
he demonstrated that the mathematical coherence of the Standard Model requires symmetry between the elementary constituents of matter, namely quarks (which form
hadrons
such as
proton
and
neutron
) and
leptons
(such as
electron
,
muon
and
neutrinos
). This symmetry is also verified experimentally.
Iliopoulos was one of the pioneers of
supersymmetry
, the hypothetical symmetry that links
fermions
and
bosons
. He showed that it has remarkable convergence properties and, in collaboration with P. Fayet,
[9]
he proposed a mechanism that leads to its spontaneous breakage. He also studied some aspects of the
quantum theory
of
gravitation
as well as the mathematical properties of invariant
gauge theories
formulated in a non-commutative geometric space.
Most significant publications
[
edit
]
- Glashow, S. L.; Iliopoulos, J.; Maiani, L. (1970-10-01). "Weak Interactions with Lepton-Hadron Symmetry".
Physical Review D
.
2
(7). American Physical Society (APS): 1285?1292.
Bibcode
:
1970PhRvD...2.1285G
.
doi
:
10.1103/physrevd.2.1285
.
ISSN
0556-2821
.
- Bouchiat, C.; Iliopoulos, J.; Meyer, Ph. (1972). "An anomaly-free version of Weinberg's model".
Physics Letters B
.
38
(7). Elsevier BV: 519?523.
Bibcode
:
1972PhLB...38..519B
.
doi
:
10.1016/0370-2693(72)90532-1
.
ISSN
0370-2693
.
- Iliopoulos, J.; Zumino, B. (1974).
"Broken supergauge symmetry and renormalization"
.
Nuclear Physics B
.
76
(2). Elsevier BV: 310?332.
Bibcode
:
1974NuPhB..76..310I
.
doi
:
10.1016/0550-3213(74)90388-5
.
ISSN
0550-3213
.
- Fayet, P.; Iliopoulos, J. (1974). "Spontaneously broken supergauge symmetries and goldstone spinors".
Physics Letters B
.
51
(5). Elsevier BV: 461?464.
Bibcode
:
1974PhLB...51..461F
.
doi
:
10.1016/0370-2693(74)90310-4
.
ISSN
0370-2693
.
- Antoniadis, I.; Iliopoulos, J.; Tomaras, T. N. (1986-03-31).
"Quantum Instability of de Sitter Space"
(PDF)
.
Physical Review Letters
.
56
(13). American Physical Society (APS): 1319?1322.
Bibcode
:
1986PhRvL..56.1319A
.
doi
:
10.1103/physrevlett.56.1319
.
ISSN
0031-9007
.
OSTI
1447832
.
PMID
10032637
.
- Floratos, E.G.; Iliopoulos, J.; Tomaras, T.N. (1987). "Tree-level scattering amplitudes in de Sitter space diverge".
Physics Letters B
.
197
(3). Elsevier BV: 373?378.
Bibcode
:
1987PhLB..197..373F
.
doi
:
10.1016/0370-2693(87)90403-5
.
ISSN
0370-2693
.
- Floratos, E.G.; Iliopoulos, J.; Tiktopoulos, G. (1989).
"A note on SU(∞) classical Yang-Mills theories"
.
Physics Letters B
.
217
(3). Elsevier BV: 285?288.
Bibcode
:
1989PhLB..217..285F
.
doi
:
10.1016/0370-2693(89)90867-8
.
ISSN
0370-2693
.
- Floratos, E.G.; Iliopoulos, J. (2006).
"Gauge theories and non-commutative geometry"
.
Physics Letters B
.
632
(4): 566?570.
arXiv
:
hep-th/0509055
.
Bibcode
:
2006PhLB..632..566F
.
doi
:
10.1016/j.physletb.2005.10.081
.
ISSN
0370-2693
.
- J. Iliopoulos, Aux origines de la masse, EDP Sciences (2015)
- J. Iliopoulos, The Origin of Mass, Oxford University Press (2017)
- L. Baulieu, J. Iliopoulos, R. Seneor, From Classical to Quantum Fields, Oxford University Press (2017)
- Theodore N. Tomaras, John Iliopoulos, Elementary Particle Physics - The Standard Theory, Oxford University Press (2021)
Awards
[
edit
]
- 1978
Paul Langevin Prize
of the
French Physical Society
- 1980 Corresponding Member,
Academy of Athens
, Greece
[10]
- 1984
Jean Ricard Prize
of the
French Physical Society
- 1987
Sakurai Prize
of the
American Physical Society
- 1990 / 2002 Corresponding / Full Member of the
French Academy of Sciences
[11]
- 1996 Doctor honoris causa,
Universite de la Mediterranee
, Aix-Marseille, France
- 1999 Doctor honoris causa,
University of Crete
, Greece
- 2002 Doctor honoris causa,
University of Ioannina
, Greece
- 2002 Doctor honoris causa,
University of Athens
, Greece
- 2002 Bodossaki Prize
- 2005
Matteucci Medal
,
Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze, detta dei XL
- 2007
Dirac Medal
,
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics
, Trieste, Italy
- 2011 High Energy Physics Prize,
European Physical Society
- 2013
Three Physicists Prize
,
Ecole Normale Superieure
, France
[12]
- 2017 Doctor honoris causa,
National Technical University of Athens
, Greece
[13]
- 2023
Antonio Feltrinelli Prize
,
Accademia dei Lincei
, Italy
[14]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Veltman, Martinus J. G. (2018-03-21).
Facts And Mysteries In Elementary Particle Physics (Revised Edition)
. World Scientific. p. 399.
ISBN
978-981-323-707-0
.
- ^
S. L. Glashow; J. Iliopoulos; L. Maiani (1970). "Weak Interactions with Lepton-Hadron Symmetry".
Phys. Rev
.
D2
(7): 1285.
Bibcode
:
1970PhRvD...2.1285G
.
doi
:
10.1103/PhysRevD.2.1285
.
- ^
Bouchiat, Cl, Iliopoulos, J, and Meyer, Ph (1972) . "An anomaly-free version of Weinberg's model."
Physics Letters
B38
, no. 7 (1972) 519-523.
- ^
Hoddeson, Lillian; Brown, Laurie; Riordan, Michael; Dresden, Max (1997-11-13).
The Rise of the Standard Model: A History of Particle Physics from 1964 to 1979
. Cambridge University Press. p. 447.
ISBN
978-0-521-57816-5
.
- ^
"Prize Recipient"
.
www.aps.org
. Retrieved
2024-03-27
.
- ^
"High Energy Particle Physics Board"
.
eps-hepp.web.cern.ch
. Retrieved
2024-03-27
.
- ^
Glashow, S. L.; Iliopoulos, J.; Maiani, L. (1970-10-01). "Weak Interactions with Lepton-Hadron Symmetry".
Physical Review D
.
2
(7). American Physical Society (APS): 1285?1292.
Bibcode
:
1970PhRvD...2.1285G
.
doi
:
10.1103/physrevd.2.1285
.
ISSN
0556-2821
.
- ^
Bouchiat, C.; Iliopoulos, J.; Meyer, Ph. (1972). "An anomaly-free version of Weinberg's model".
Physics Letters B
.
38
(7). Elsevier BV: 519?523.
Bibcode
:
1972PhLB...38..519B
.
doi
:
10.1016/0370-2693(72)90532-1
.
ISSN
0370-2693
.
- ^
Fayet, P.; Iliopoulos, J. (1974). "Spontaneously broken supergauge symmetries and goldstone spinors".
Physics Letters B
.
51
(5). Elsevier BV: 461?464.
Bibcode
:
1974PhLB...51..461F
.
doi
:
10.1016/0370-2693(74)90310-4
.
ISSN
0370-2693
.
- ^
"Members of the First Section"
.
Academy of Athens
. 23 November 2015
. Retrieved
2022-02-03
.
- ^
French Academy of Sciences.
- ^
Ecole normale superieure (Paris, France).
- ^
"Αναγ?ρευση του Ακαδημα?κο? Ιω?ννη Ηλι?πουλου, ω? Επ?τιμου Διδ?κτορα του Ε.Μ.Π. (Σ.Ε.Μ.Φ.Ε.) (πρ?σκληση) - ΣΕΜΦΕ"
.
semfe.ntua.gr
(in Greek). 2017-04-24
. Retrieved
2024-03-27
.
- ^
"I premi Feltrinelli edizione 2023 | Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei"
.
www.lincei.it
(in Italian)
. Retrieved
2024-03-27
.
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