City in Jizan Region, Saudi Arabia
Jizan
(
Arabic
:
?????
,
romanized
:
J?z?n
), also spelled
Jazan
(
Arabic
:
?????
,
romanized
:
J?z?n
),
Gizan
or
Gazan
, is a port city and the capital of
Jizan Region
, which lies in the southwest corner of
Saudi Arabia
. Jizan City is situated on the coast of the
Red Sea
and serves a large agricultural heartland that has a population of 173,919 as of 2022 and over 1.4 million, in the whole Jizan region. As the city is the capital of the region, it has the regional airport as well as the Jizan seaport. The area is noted for its high-quality production of fruits such as
mangoes
,
figs
,
papayas
,
plum
and
coffee
.
[3]
Jizan has one of the largest megaprojects market in the kingdom with significant infrastructure projects worth many billions of dollars.
Saudi Aramco
is building a 400,000
bpd
refinery with associated terminal facilities on the
Red Sea
near the city, scheduled for completion in late 2018.
[4]
Ethnography
[
edit
]
The inhabitants of Jizan are
Arab
and split between
Sunni Muslims
and
Shia Muslims
that live in the
Jazan region
.
[5]
Economy
[
edit
]
In the early 20th century, Jizan was a major site for
pearl fishing
. When World War I began, trade declined, due to ships moving to
Al Hudaydah
.
[6]
Today, ambitious projects in transport, renewable energy, tourism and agricultural development are taking place in the Jizan region, particularly in
Jazan Economic City
, including a US$3 Billion
aluminium smelter
.
[7]
Jazan is being turned into Saudi Arabia's naval industry hub.
[
citation needed
]
Furthermore, the southern and western outskirts of the city are a place which the Kingdom wants to turn into its agricultural hub due to its underground water resources as well as the rich and diverse soil.
[
citation needed
]
Jazan Refinery
[
edit
]
Jazan Refinery is a megaproject under construction and owned by
Saudi Aramco
. The Refinery will process heavy and medium crude oil to create
liquefied petroleum gas
, sulfur, asphalt, benzene, and paraxylene. It is expected to produce 400,000 barrels per day.
[8]
Transport
[
edit
]
Jazan Port and
Jizan Regional Airport
serve the city of Jizan.
Climate
[
edit
]
Jizan has a hot
desert climate
(
Koppen
:
BWh
) with a rainfall below 200 mm per year and an average annual temperature above 30 °C (86 °F). The weather is very hot all year round and its average annual temperature is one of the hottest in the world, as daily lows average over 20 °C (68 °F) and highs over 30 °C (86 °F) even in the mildest month of the year, while unlike a lot of tropical cities the summer is even noticeably warmer.
It is very humid but parched in some months, making the weather volatile. Sandstorms are quite common in areas further from the sea.
The highest recorded temperature was 46.3 °C (115.3 °F) on 15 September 2006, while the lowest was 11.8 °C (53.2 °F) on 7 February 1993.
[9]
Climate data for Jazan (1985-2010)
|
Month
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Year
|
Record high °C (°F)
|
32.0
(89.6)
|
34.9
(94.8)
|
38.1
(100.6)
|
41.1
(106.0)
|
44.0
(111.2)
|
42.7
(108.9)
|
42.3
(108.1)
|
45.3
(113.5)
|
46.3
(115.3)
|
43.0
(109.4)
|
42.3
(108.1)
|
38.0
(100.4)
|
46.3
(115.3)
|
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
|
30.8
(87.4)
|
31.2
(88.2)
|
33.0
(91.4)
|
35.5
(95.9)
|
37.4
(99.3)
|
38.4
(101.1)
|
38.3
(100.9)
|
38.1
(100.6)
|
38.0
(100.4)
|
36.7
(98.1)
|
34.4
(93.9)
|
31.9
(89.4)
|
35.3
(95.5)
|
Daily mean °C (°F)
|
26.1
(79.0)
|
26.7
(80.1)
|
28.2
(82.8)
|
30.5
(86.9)
|
32.2
(90.0)
|
33.5
(92.3)
|
33.6
(92.5)
|
33.2
(91.8)
|
33.0
(91.4)
|
31.3
(88.3)
|
29.2
(84.6)
|
26.9
(80.4)
|
30.4
(86.7)
|
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
|
21.6
(70.9)
|
22.6
(72.7)
|
24.1
(75.4)
|
26.1
(79.0)
|
27.8
(82.0)
|
29.6
(85.3)
|
30.1
(86.2)
|
29.6
(85.3)
|
28.8
(83.8)
|
26.4
(79.5)
|
24.6
(76.3)
|
22.6
(72.7)
|
26.2
(79.2)
|
Record low °C (°F)
|
14.9
(58.8)
|
11.8
(53.2)
|
16.3
(61.3)
|
18.8
(65.8)
|
19.1
(66.4)
|
23.0
(73.4)
|
21.0
(69.8)
|
19.0
(66.2)
|
20.0
(68.0)
|
20.3
(68.5)
|
18.3
(64.9)
|
17.0
(62.6)
|
11.8
(53.2)
|
Average
precipitation
mm (inches)
|
13.4
(0.53)
|
3.7
(0.15)
|
5.7
(0.22)
|
14.6
(0.57)
|
7.4
(0.29)
|
0.9
(0.04)
|
10.5
(0.41)
|
26.2
(1.03)
|
10.1
(0.40)
|
18.5
(0.73)
|
12.8
(0.50)
|
15.9
(0.63)
|
139.7
(5.50)
|
Average
relative humidity
(%)
|
73
|
73
|
70
|
66
|
64
|
64
|
60
|
64
|
67
|
67
|
69
|
73
|
68
|
Source: Jeddah Regional Climate Center
[10]
|
Jazan mean sea temperature
[11]
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
26.8 °C (80.2 °F)
|
26.6 °C (79.9 °F)
|
27.6 °C (81.7 °F)
|
28.9 °C (84.0 °F)
|
30.7 °C (87.3 °F)
|
31.9 °C (89.4 °F)
|
31.5 °C (88.7 °F)
|
31.6 °C (88.9 °F)
|
32.0 °C (89.6 °F)
|
32.0 °C (89.6 °F)
|
30.5 °C (86.9 °F)
|
28.7 °C (83.7 °F)
|
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"CTHM Issues Four Royal Decrees"
.
Kuwait News Agency
. Retrieved
19 May
2020
.
- ^
"Jazan Region"
.
www.citypopulation.de
. Retrieved
2024-02-03
.
- ^
"Fruit production in Jazan flourishes during Ramadan"
.
- ^
"Aramco lets contracts for Jazan refinery, terminal"
.
Oil & Gas Journal
. Retrieved
11 February
2016
.
- ^
"2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: Saudi Arabia"
.
Office of International Religious Freedom
.
U.S. Department of State
.
Pockets of Zaydis, members of another branch of Shia Islam, numbering a total of approximately 20,000, reside primarily in the provinces of Jizan and Najran along the border with Yemen
- ^
Prothero, G.W. (1920).
Arabia
. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 75.
- ^
"$3bn Jazan aluminium smelter deal signed"
.
Trade Arabia
. Retrieved
11 February
2016
.
- ^
"Saudi Aramco, Air Products, and ACWA Power to form over $8 billion gasification/power joint venture at Jazan Economic City"
.
www.saudiaramco.com
. Retrieved
2019-05-24
.
- ^
"Gizan, Saudi Arabia"
. Jeddah Regional Climate Center. Archived from
the original
on 4 March 2016
. Retrieved
24 August
2013
.
- ^
"Climate Data for Saudi Arabia"
. Jeddah Regional Climate Center. Archived from
the original
on March 4, 2016
. Retrieved
December 7,
2015
.
- ^
"Monthly Jaz?n water temperature chart"
. Seatemperatures.org
. Retrieved
2014-01-20
.
External links
[
edit
]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Jizan
.
|
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|
|
---|
1,000,000 and more
| |
---|
300,000-999,999
| |
---|
<300,000
| |
---|
|
16°53′21″N
42°33′40″E
/
16.88917°N 42.56111°E
/
16.88917; 42.56111