American musician (1966?1997)
Jeff Buckley
|
---|
Buckley in 1994
|
|
Birth name
| Jeffrey Scott Buckley
|
---|
Also known as
| Scott "Scottie" Moorhead
|
---|
Born
| (
1966-11-17
)
November 17, 1966
Anaheim, California
, U.S.
|
---|
Origin
| East Village, Manhattan, New York
|
---|
Died
| May 29, 1997
(1997-05-29)
(aged 30)
Memphis, Tennessee
, U.S.
|
---|
Genres
| |
---|
Occupation(s)
| - Musician
- singer
- songwriter
|
---|
Instrument(s)
| - Vocals
- guitar
- piano
- keyboards
- dulcimer
- percussion
|
---|
Discography
| Jeff Buckley discography
|
---|
Years active
| 1990?1997
|
---|
Labels
| Columbia
|
---|
|
Website
| jeffbuckley
.com
|
---|
Musical artist
Jeffrey Scott Buckley
(November 17, 1966 ? May 29, 1997), raised as
Scott Moorhead
,
was an American musician. After a decade as a session guitarist in
Los Angeles
, Buckley amassed a following in the early 1990s by performing
cover songs
at venues in
East Village, Manhattan
, such as
Sin-e
, while gradually focusing more on his own material. After rebuffing interest from record labels
and
Herb Cohen
?the manager of his father, singer
Tim Buckley
?he signed with
Columbia
, recruited a band, and recorded what would be his only studio album,
Grace
, in 1994.
Over the following three years, the band toured extensively to promote
Grace
, including concerts in the U.S., Europe, Japan, and Australia. In 1996, they stopped touring
[4]
and made sporadic attempts to record Buckley's second album in New York City with
Tom Verlaine
as the producer.
In 1997, Buckley moved to
Memphis, Tennessee
, to resume work on the album, to be titled
My Sweetheart the Drunk
, recording many
four-track
demos
while also playing weekly solo shows at a local venue. On May 29, 1997, while awaiting the arrival of his band from New York, he drowned during a spontaneous evening swim, fully clothed, in the
Wolf River
, a tributary of the Mississippi, where he was caught in the
wake
of a passing boat; his body was found on June 4.
[5]
Since his death, there have been many posthumous releases of his material, including a four-track collection of demos and studio recordings of his unfinished second album
My Sweetheart the Drunk
, expansions of
Grace
, and the
Live at Sin-e
EP
. Chart success for Buckley came posthumously; with his cover of
Leonard Cohen
's "
Hallelujah
", Buckley attained his first number one on
Billboard
'
s
Hot Digital Songs
in March 2008 and reached number two in the
UK Singles Chart
that December.
Rolling Stone
included
Grace
in its list of the
500 Greatest Albums of All Time
[6]
and included Buckley in their list of the greatest singers.
[7]
Early life
[
edit
]
Born in
Anaheim, California
,
Buckley was the only son of Mary (
nee
Guibert) and
Tim Buckley
. His mother was a
Zonian
of mixed
Greek
,
English
,
French
, and
Panamanian
descent,
[8]
while his father was the son of an
Irish American
father and an
Italian American
mother.
Buckley was raised by his mother and stepfather, Ron Moorhead, in
Southern California
, and had a half-brother, Corey Moorhead.
[11]
Buckley moved many times in and around
Orange County
while growing up, an upbringing Buckley called "rootless
trailer trash
".
[12]
As a child, Buckley was known as Scott "Scottie" Moorhead, based on his middle name and his stepfather's surname.
His biological father, Tim Buckley, was a singer-songwriter who released a series of folk and jazz albums in the late 1960s and early 1970s, whom he said he met only once, at the age of eight.
[13]
After his biological father died of a
drug overdose
in 1975,
he chose to go by Buckley and his real first name, which he found on his birth certificate.
To members of his family he remained "Scottie".
[16]
Buckley was brought up around music; his mother was a classically trained pianist and cellist,
and his stepfather introduced him to
Led Zeppelin
,
Queen
,
Jimi Hendrix
,
the Who
, and
Pink Floyd
at an early age.
[18]
Led Zeppelin's
Physical Graffiti
was the first album he owned,
[19]
and he has noted hard rock band
Kiss
as an early favorite.
He grew up singing around the house and in harmony with his mother,
[21]
and later noted that all his family sang.
[22]
He began playing guitar at the age of five after discovering an acoustic guitar in his grandmother's closet.
[23]
At age 12, he decided to become a musician
[19]
and received his first electric guitar, a black
Les Paul
, at age 13.
He attended
Loara High School
[25]
and played in the school jazz band;
during this time, he developed an affinity for
progressive rock
bands
Rush
,
Genesis
, and
Yes
, as well as
jazz fusion
guitarist
Al Di Meola
.
After graduating from high school, he moved to
Hollywood
to attend the
Musicians Institute
,
completing a one-year course at age 19.
Buckley later told
Rolling Stone
the school was "the biggest waste of time",
[19]
but noted in an interview with
DoubleTake Magazine
that he appreciated studying
music theory
there, saying, "I was attracted to really interesting harmonies, stuff that I would hear in
Ravel
,
Ellington
,
Bartok
."
[30]
Career
[
edit
]
Buckley spent the next six years working in a hotel and playing guitar in various struggling bands, playing in styles from jazz,
reggae
, and
roots rock
to
heavy metal
.
He toured with
dancehall
reggae artist
Shinehead
[32]
and also played the occasional
funk
and
R&B
studio
session
, collaborating with fledgling producer
Michael J. Clouse
to form X-Factor Productions.
From 1988 to 1989, Buckley played in a band called the Wild Blue Yonder that included future
Tool
drummer
Danny Carey
and bassist
John Humphrey
.
[34]
Throughout this period, Buckley limited his singing to
backing vocals
.
[35]
He moved to New York City in February 1990
but found few opportunities to work as a musician. He was introduced to
Qawwali
, the Sufi devotional music of Pakistan, and
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
, one of its best-known singers.
Buckley was an impassioned fan of Khan,
[38]
and during what he called his "cafe days", he often covered Khan's songs. In January 1996, he interviewed Khan for
Interview
and wrote liner notes for Khan's
Supreme Collection, Vol. 1
compilation. He also became interested in blues musician
Robert Johnson
and
hardcore punk
band
Bad Brains
during this time.
[18]
Buckley moved back to Los Angeles in September when his father's former manager,
Herb Cohen
, offered to help him record his first demo of original songs. Buckley completed
Babylon Dungeon Sessions
, a four-song cassette that included the songs "
Eternal Life
", "Unforgiven" (later titled "
Last Goodbye
"), "Strawberry Street" (a different version of which appears on the
Grace Legacy Edition
), and punk screamer "Radio".
Cohen and Buckley hoped to attract attention from the music industry with the demo tape.
Buckley flew back to New York early the following year to make his public singing debut at a tribute concert for his father called "Greetings from Tim Buckley".
The event, produced by show business veteran
Hal Willner
, was held at
St. Ann's Church
in
Brooklyn
on April 26, 1991.
Buckley rejected the idea of the concert as a springboard to his career, instead citing personal reasons regarding his decision to sing at the tribute.
[42]
With accompaniment by experimental rock guitarist
Gary Lucas
, Buckley performed "I Never Asked To Be Your Mountain", a song Tim Buckley wrote about an infant Jeff Buckley and his mother.
Buckley returned to the stage to play "Sefronia ? The King's Chain", "Phantasmagoria in Two", and concluded the concert with "Once I Was" performed acoustically with an impromptu
a cappella
ending, due to a snapped guitar string.
Willner, the show's organizer, later recalled that Buckley's set closer made a strong impression.
[44]
Buckley's performance at the concert was counterintuitive to his desire to distance himself musically from his father; Buckley later explained his reasoning to
Rolling Stone
: "It wasn't my work, it wasn't my life. But it bothered me that I hadn't been to his funeral, that I'd never been able to tell him anything. I used that show to pay my last respects."
[19]
The concert proved to be his first step into the music industry that had eluded him for years.
On subsequent trips to New York in mid-1991, Buckley began co-writing with Gary Lucas, resulting in the songs "
Grace
" and "
Mojo Pin
",
and by late 1991, he began performing with Lucas's band
Gods and Monsters
in New York City.
[47]
After being offered a development deal as a member of Gods and Monsters at Imago Records, Buckley moved to
the Lower East Side, Manhattan
, at the end of 1991.
The day after Gods and Monsters officially debuted in March 1992, he decided to leave the band.
Buckley began performing at several clubs and cafes around
Lower Manhattan
,
[50]
but
Sin-e
became his main venue.
[18]
He first appeared at Sin-e in April 1992
and quickly earned a regular Monday night slot there.
His repertoire consisted of a diverse range of folk, rock, R&B, blues, and jazz cover songs, much of which he had newly learned. During this period, he discovered singers such as
Nina Simone
,
Billie Holiday
,
Van Morrison
, and
Judy Garland
.
Buckley performed an eclectic selection of covers from a range of artists from Led Zeppelin,
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
,
Bob Dylan
,
Edith Piaf
,
Elton John
,
the Smiths
,
Bad Brains
,
Leonard Cohen
,
Robert Johnson
and
Siouxsie Sioux
.
[54]
[55]
Original songs from the
Babylon Dungeon Sessions
and the songs he had written with Lucas were also included in his set lists.
He performed solo, accompanying himself on a
Fender Telecaster
he borrowed from his friend Janine Nichols.
[56]
Buckley stated he learned how to perform onstage from playing to small audiences.
[13]
Over the next few months, Buckley attracted admiring crowds and attention from
record label
executives,
including industry maven
Clive Davis
dropping by to see him.
[13]
By the summer of 1992, limos from executives eager to sign the singer lined the street outside Sin-e.
Buckley signed with
Columbia Records
, home of Bob Dylan and
Bruce Springsteen
,
for a three-album, nearly
$1 million
deal in October 1992.
Buckley spent three days in February 1993 in the studio with engineer
Steve Addabbo
and Columbia
A&R
representative Steve Berkowitz recording much of Buckley's solo repertoire. Buckley sang a cappella and accompanied himself on acoustic and electric guitars, Wurlitzer electric piano, and harmonium. These tapes remain unreleased in the Columbia vaults, but much of this material later surfaced on the
Grace
album.
Recording dates were set for July and August 1993 for what would become Buckley's recording debut, an
EP
of four songs which included a cover of Van Morrison's "
The Way Young Lovers Do
".
Live at Sin-e
was released on November 23, 1993, documenting this period of Buckley's life.
Grace
[
edit
]
In mid-1993, Buckley began working on his first album with record producer
Andy Wallace
. Buckley assembled a band, composed of bassist
Mick Grøndahl
and drummer
Matt Johnson
, and spent several weeks rehearsing.
[64]
In September, the trio headed to
Bearsville Studios
in
Woodstock, New York
, to spend six weeks recording basic tracks for what would become
Grace
. Buckley invited ex-bandmate Lucas to play guitar on the songs "Grace" and "Mojo Pin", and Woodstock-based jazz musician
Karl Berger
wrote and conducted string arrangements with Buckley assisting at times.
Buckley returned home for
overdubbing
at studios in Manhattan and New Jersey, where he performed take after take to capture the perfect vocals and experimented with ideas for additional instruments and added textures to the songs.
In January 1994, Buckley departed on his first solo North American tour in support of
Live at Sin-e
,
followed by a 10-day European tour in March.
Buckley played clubs and coffeehouses and made in-store appearances.
After returning, Buckley invited guitarist Michael Tighe to join the band and a collaboration between the two resulted in "
So Real
", a song recorded with producer/engineer
Clif Norrell
as a late addition to the album.
In June, Buckley began his first full band tour, called the "Peyote Radio Theatre Tour", which lasted into August.
[70]
The Pretenders
'
Chrissie Hynde
,
Soundgarden
's
Chris Cornell
, and
The Edge
from
U2
were among the attendees of these early shows.
Grace
was released on August 23, 1994. In addition to seven original songs, the album included three covers: "
Lilac Wine
", based on the version by Nina Simone
and made famous by Elkie Brooks; "
Corpus Christi Carol
", from
Benjamin Britten
's
A Boy was Born
, Op.3, a composition that Buckley was introduced to in high school, based on a 15th-century hymn;
and "
Hallelujah
"
[74]
by
Leonard Cohen
, based on
John Cale
's recording from the Cohen tribute album
I'm Your Fan
.
His rendition of "Hallelujah" has been called "Buckley's best" and "one of the great songs"
[75]
by
Time
, and is included on
Happy Mag
's list of "The 10 Best Covers Of All Time",
[76]
and
Rolling Stone
'
s list of "
The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time
".
[77]
Sales of
Grace
were slow, and it garnered little radio airplay despite critical acclaim.
[78]
The Sydney Morning Herald
proclaimed it "a romantic masterpiece" and a "pivotal, defining work".
[79]
Despite slow initial sales, the album went
gold
in France and Australia over the next two years,
[70]
achieved gold status in the U.S. in 2002,
[80]
and sold over six times
platinum in Australia
in 2006.
[81]
Grace
won appreciation from a number of revered musicians and artists, including members of Buckley's biggest influence, Led Zeppelin.
Jimmy Page
considered
Grace
close to being his "favorite album of the decade".
[83]
Robert Plant
was also complimentary,
[84]
as was
Brad Pitt
, saying of Buckley's work, "There's an undercurrent to his music, there's something you can't pinpoint. Like the best of films, or the best of art, there's something going on underneath, and there's a truth there. And I find his stuff absolutely haunting. It just ... it's under my skin."
[85]
Others who had influenced Buckley's music lauded him:
[86]
Bob Dylan named Buckley "one of the great songwriters of this decade",
[84]
and, in an interview with
The Village Voice
,
David Bowie
named
Grace
as one of 10 albums he'd bring with him to a desert island.
[87]
In 2010, the former leader of The Smiths
Morrissey
(one of Buckley's idols), included
Grace
as one of his favorite 13 albums of all time.
[88]
Concert tours
[
edit
]
Buckley spent much of the next year and a half touring internationally to promote
Grace
. Following Buckley's
Peyote Radio Theater
tour, the band began a European tour on August 23, 1994, starting with performances in the UK and Ireland. The tour continued in Scandinavia and, throughout September, numerous concerts in Germany were played. The tour ended on September 22 with a concert in Paris. A gig on September 24 in New York dovetailed with the end of the European tour and Buckley and band spent the next month relaxing and rehearsing.
[89]
A tour of Canada and the U.S. began on October 19, 1994, at
CBGB
. The tour was far reaching with concerts held on both East and West Coasts of the U.S. and a number of performances in central and southern states. The tour ended two months later on December 18 at
Maxwell's
in
Hoboken, New Jersey
.
[89]
After another month of rest and rehearsal, the band commenced a second European tour, this time mainly for promotion purposes. The band began the tour in
Dublin
.
[90]
The short tour largely consisted of promotional work in London and Paris.
[89]
In late January, the band did their first tour of Japan, playing concerts and appearing for promotion of the album and newly released Japanese single "Last Goodbye". The band returned to Europe on February 6 and toured various Western European countries before returning to the U.S. on March 6. Among the gigs performed during this period, Buckley and his band performed at a 19th-century-built French venue, the
Bataclan
, and material from the concert was recorded and later released in October of that year as a four track
EP
,
Live from the Bataclan
. Songs from a performance on February 25, at the venue Nighttown in
Rotterdam
, were released as a promotional-only CD,
So Real
.
[89]
Touring recommenced in April with dates across the U.S. and Canada. During this period, Buckley and the band notably played
Metro
in Chicago, which was recorded on video and later released as
Live in Chicago
on
VHS
and later on
DVD
. In addition, on June 4 they played at
Sony Music Studios
for the Sony Music radio hour. Following this was a month-long European tour between June 20 and July 18 in which they played many summer
music festivals
, including the
Glastonbury Festival
and the 1995
Meltdown Festival
(at which Buckley sang
Henry Purcell
's "
Dido's Lament
"
[91]
at the invitation of
Elvis Costello
).
During the tour, Buckley played two concerts at the
Paris Olympia
, a venue made famous by the French vocalist
Edith Piaf
. Although he had failed to fill out smaller American venues at that point of his career, both nights at the large Paris Olympia venue were sold out.
[93]
Shortly after this Buckley attended the Festival de la Musique Sacree (Festival of Sacred Music), also held in France, and performed "What Will You Say" as a duet with
Alim Qasimov
, an
Azerbaijani
mugham
singer.
Sony BMG
has since released a live album, 2001's
Live a L'Olympia
, which has a selection of songs from both Olympia performances and the collaboration with Qasimov.
[94]
Buckley's
Mystery White Boy
tour, playing concerts in both Sydney and
Melbourne
, Australia, lasted between August 28 and September 6 and recordings of these performances were compiled and released on the live album
Mystery White Boy
. Buckley was so well received during these concerts that his album
Grace
went
gold
in Australia, selling over 35,000 copies, and taking this into account he decided a longer tour was needed and returned for a tour of
New Zealand
and
Australia
in February the following year.
[70]
Between the two
Oceanian
tours, Buckley and the band took a break from touring. Buckley played solo in the meantime with concerts at
Sin-e
and a New Year's Eve concert at
Mercury Lounge
in New York.
[89]
After the break, the band spent the majority of February on the
Hard Luck Tour
in Australia and New Zealand, but tensions had risen between the group and drummer
Matt Johnson
. The concert on March 1, 1996, was the last gig he played with Buckley and his band.
[70]
Much of the material from the tours of 1995 and 1996 was recorded and released on either promotional EPs, such as the
Grace EP
, or posthumously on albums, such as
Mystery White Boy
(a reference to Buckley not using his real name) and
Live a L'Olympia
. Many of the other concerts Buckley played during this period have surfaced on
bootleg recordings
.
[95]
Following Johnson's departure, the band, now without a drummer, was put on hold and did not perform live again until February 12, 1997.
[96]
Due to the pressure from extensive touring, Buckley spent the majority of the year away from the stage. However, from May 2 to 5, he played a short stint as bass guitarist with Mind Science of the Mind, with friend
Nathan Larson
, then guitarist of
Shudder to Think
.
[70]
Buckley returned to playing live concerts when he went on his "phantom solo tour" of cafes in the northeast U.S. in December 1996, appearing under a series of aliases: the Crackrobats, Possessed by Elves, Father Demo, Smackrobiotic, the Halfspeeds, Crit-Club, Topless America, Martha & the Nicotines, and A Puppet Show Named Julio.
[89]
By way of justification, Buckley posted a note stating he missed the anonymity of playing in cafes and local bars:
There was a time in my life not too long ago when I could show up in a cafe and simply do what I do, make music, learn from performing my music, explore what it means to me, i.e., have fun while I irritate and/or entertain an audience who don't know me or what I am about. In this situation I have that precious and irreplaceable luxury of failure, of risk, of surrender. I worked very hard to get this kind of thing together, this work forum. I loved it and then I missed it when it disappeared. All I am doing is reclaiming it.
[97]
My Sweetheart the Drunk
[
edit
]
In 1996, Buckley started writing a new album with the working title
My Sweetheart the Drunk
. While working with
Patti Smith
on her 1996 album
Gone Again
, he met collaborator
Tom Verlaine
, the lead singer of the punk band
Television
. Buckley asked Verlaine to be producer on the new album and he agreed.
[98]
In mid-1996, Buckley and his band began recording sessions in Manhattan with Verlaine, recording "Sky Is a Landfill", "Vancouver", "Morning Theft", and "You and I".
Eric Eidel
played the drums through these sessions as a stop-gap after Matt Johnson's departure, before
Parker Kindred
joined as full-time drummer.
[100]
Around this time, Buckley met
Inger Lorre
of
the Nymphs
in an East Village bar
and struck up a fast and close friendship. Together, they contributed a track to
Kerouac: Kicks Joy Darkness
, a
Jack Kerouac
tribute album.
[98]
After Lorre's backup guitarist for an
upcoming album
quit the project, Buckley offered to fill in.
He became attached to one of the songs from the album, "
Yard of Blonde Girls
" and recorded a cover.
Another recording session in Manhattan followed in early 1997, but Buckley and the band were unsatisfied with the material.
[104]
On February 4, 1997, Buckley played a short set at
the Knitting Factory
's tenth anniversary concert featuring a selection of his new songs: "Jewel Box", "Morning Theft", "Everybody Here Wants You", "The Sky is a Landfill" and "Yard of Blonde Girls".
Lou Reed
was in attendance
and expressed interest in working with Buckley.
[87]
The band played their first gig with
Parker Kindred
, their new drummer, at
Arlene's Grocery
in New York on February 9. The set featured much of Buckley's new material that would appear on
Sketches for My Sweetheart the Drunk
and a recording has become one of Buckley's most widely distributed bootlegs.
[106]
Later that month, Buckley recorded a
spoken word
reading of the
Edgar Allan Poe
poem "
Ulalume
" for the album
Closed on Account of Rabies
.
[107]
It was his last recording in New York; shortly after, he moved to Memphis, Tennessee.
[70]
Buckley became interested in recording at
Easley McCain Recording
in Memphis, at the suggestion of friend Dave Shouse from the
Grifters
.
He rented a
shotgun house
there, of which he was so fond he contacted the owner about purchasing it.
From February 12 to May 26, 1997, Buckley played at Barristers', a bar located in
downtown Memphis
, underneath a parking garage. He played there numerous times in order to work through the new material in a live atmosphere, at first with the band, then solo as part of a Monday night residency.
[110]
In early February, Buckley and the band did a third recording session with Verlaine in Memphis, where they recorded "Everybody Here Wants You", "Nightmares by the Sea", "Witches' Rave" and "Opened Once",
but Buckley expressed his dissatisfaction with the sessions and contacted
Grace
producer
Andy Wallace
to step in as Verlaine's replacement.
[98]
Buckley started recording demos on his own 4-track recorder in preparation for a forthcoming session with Wallace;
[98]
some of the demos were sent to his band in New York, who listened to them enthusiastically and were excited to resume work on the album. However, Buckley was not entirely happy with the results and sent his band back to New York while he stayed behind to work on the songs. The band was scheduled to return to Memphis for rehearsals and recording on May 29.
[70]
After Buckley's death, the recordings with Verlaine and Buckley's demos were released as
Sketches for My Sweetheart the Drunk
in May 1998.
[111]
Musical style
[
edit
]
Buckley's voice was a particularly distinguished aspect of his music; he possessed a
tenor
vocal range
, spanning around four
octaves
.
[112]
Buckley made full use of this range in his performances, particularly in the songs from
Grace
, and reached peaks of high G in the tenor range at the culmination of "Grace". "Corpus Christi Carol" was sung nearly entirely in a high
falsetto
. The pitch and volume of his singing was also highly variable, showcased in songs "Mojo Pin" and "Dream Brother", which began with mid-range quieter vocals, before reaching louder, higher peaks near the ending of the songs.
[113]
[114]
Buckley played guitar in a variety of styles, ranging from the distorted rock of "Sky is a Landfill", the
jazz
of "
Strange Fruit
", the
country
styling of "Lost Highway", and the guitar
fingerpicking
style in "Hallelujah". He occasionally used a
slide guitar
in live performances as a solo act, as well as for the introduction of "Last Goodbye", when playing with a full band. His songs were written in various
guitar tunings
which, apart from the
EADGBE standard tuning
, included
Drop D tuning
and an
Open G tuning
. His guitar playing style varied from highly melodic songs, such as "
The Twelfth of Never
", to more
percussive
ones, such as "New Year's Prayer".
[115]
Equipment
[
edit
]
Buckley mainly played a 1983
Fender Telecaster
which he had re-fretted and modded with a
Seymour Duncan
Hot Lead Stack in the bridge.
[56]
He also played a
Rickenbacker 360/12
along with several other guitars, including a black
Gibson Les Paul Custom
and a 1967
Guild
F-50 acoustic. When on tour with his band, he used
Fender amplifiers
for a clean sound and
Mesa Boogie
amps for overdriven tones. While he was primarily a singer and guitarist, he also played other instruments on various studio recordings and sessions, including
bass
,
dobro
,
mandolin
,
harmonium
(heard on the intro to "
Lover, You Should've Come Over
"),
organ
,
dulcimer
("
Dream Brother
" intro),
tabla
,
esraj
, and
harmonica
.
[117]
Personal life
[
edit
]
Buckley was roommates with actress
Brooke Smith
from 1990 to 1991.
[118]
During a tribute concert to his father, Tim Buckley, in April 1991, Buckley met artist
Rebecca Moore
,
[120]
and the pair dated until 1993.
This relationship became the inspiration for his record
Grace
[122]
and provoked his permanent move to New York.
[120]
From 1994 to 1995, Buckley had an intense relationship with
Elizabeth Fraser
of
Cocteau Twins
.
[123]
They wrote and recorded a duet together, "All Flowers in Time Bend Towards the Sun",
which has never been released commercially. In 1994, Buckley began a relationship with musician Joan Wasser, known professionally as
Joan as Police Woman
.
[125]
He reportedly proposed marriage to her shortly before his death.
[126]
Death
[
edit
]
On the evening of May 29, 1997, Buckley's band flew to Memphis to join him in his studio to work on his new material. The same evening, Buckley went swimming fully dressed in
Wolf River Harbor
, a
slack water
channel of the
Mississippi River
,
[127]
singing the chorus of
Led Zeppelin
's "
Whole Lotta Love
" while swimming under the
Memphis Suspension Railway
.
[128]
Keith Foti, a
roadie
in Buckley's band, remained on shore. After moving a radio and guitar out of reach from the wake from a passing
tugboat
, Foti looked up to see Buckley had vanished; the wake of the tugboat had swept him away from shore and under water. A rescue effort that night and the next morning by scuba teams and police failed to discover Buckley's body. On June 4, passengers on the
American Queen
riverboat spotted his body in the Wolf River, caught in some branches.
[129]
[130]
Buckley's
autopsy
showed no signs of drugs or alcohol in his system, and the death was ruled an accidental
drowning
after being pulled under the water by the force of the wake of the tugboat. The official Jeff Buckley website published a statement saying his death was neither mysterious nor a
suicide
.
[131]
Legacy
[
edit
]
After Buckley's death, a collection of demo recordings and a full-length album he had been reworking for his second album were released as a compilation album, titled
Sketches for My Sweetheart the Drunk
– the compilation was overseen by his mother, Mary Guibert, band members and old friend
Michael J. Clouse
, as well as
Chris Cornell
. The album achieved gold sales in Australia in 1998.
[132]
Three other albums composed of live recordings have also been released, along with a live DVD of a performance in Chicago. A previously unreleased 1992 recording of "
I Shall Be Released
", sung by Buckley over the phone on live radio, was released on the album
For New Orleans
.
Since his death, Buckley has been the subject of numerous documentaries:
Fall in Light
, a 1999 production for French TV;
Goodbye and Hello
, a program about Buckley and his father produced for Netherlands TV in 2000; and
Everybody Here Wants You
, a documentary made in 2002 by the
British Broadcasting Corporation
(BBC). An hour-long documentary about Buckley called
Amazing Grace: Jeff Buckley
has been shown at various film festivals to critical acclaim.
[133]
The film was released worldwide in 2009 by Sony BMG Legacy as part of the
Grace Around The World Deluxe Edition
.
[134]
[135]
In spring 2009, it was revealed that Ryan Jaffe, best known for scripting the movie
The Rocker
, had replaced Brian Jun as screenwriter for the upcoming film
Mystery White Boy
.
[
citation needed
]
Orion Williams is also set to co-produce the film with
Michelle Sy
.
[136]
A separate project involving the book
Dream Brother
was allegedly cancelled.
[137]
In May and June 2007, Buckley's life and music were celebrated globally with tributes in Australia,
[138]
Canada, UK, France, Iceland, Israel, Ireland,
[139]
Republic of Macedonia, Portugal, and the U.S.
[140]
[141]
[142]
Many of Buckley's family members attended various tribute concerts across the globe, some of which they helped organize. There are three annual Jeff Buckley tribute events: the Chicago-based
Uncommon Ground
, featuring a three-day concert schedule (
Uncommon Ground
hosted their 25th anniversary tribute in November 2022
[143]
);
An Evening With Jeff Buckley
, an annual New York City tribute; and the Australia-based
Fall In Light
.
[144]
The latter event is run by the Fall In Light Foundation, which in addition to the concerts, runs a "Guitars for Schools" program;
[145]
the name of the foundation is taken from lyrics of Buckley's "New Year's Prayer".
In 2015, tapes of a 1993 recording session for Columbia Records were discovered by Sony executives doing research for the 20th anniversary of
Grace
. The recordings were released on the album
You and I
in March 2016, featuring mostly covers of songs.
[146]
In 2012,
Greetings from Tim Buckley
premiered at the
Toronto International Film Festival
; the film explores Jeff Buckley's relationship with his father.
[
citation needed
]
Resurgence
[
edit
]
In 2002, Buckley's cover of
Leonard Cohen
's "Hallelujah" was used in the "Posse Comitatus" episode of
The West Wing
,
for which the audio team received an
Emmy Award
.
On March 7, 2008, Buckley's version of "Hallelujah" was number one on the
iTunes
chart, selling 178,000 downloads for the week, after being performed by
Jason Castro
on the seventh season of
American Idol
.
[147]
The song also debuted at number one on
Billboard
'
s
Hot Digital Songs
chart, giving Buckley his first number one hit on any
Billboard
chart.
The 2008 UK
X Factor
winner
Alexandra Burke
released a cover of "Hallelujah", with the intent to top the
UK Singles Chart
as the
Christmas number one single
. Buckley fans countered this, launching a campaign with the aim of propelling Buckley's version to the number one spot; despite this, Burke's version eventually reached the Christmas number one position on the UK charts in December 2008.
[148]
Buckley's version of the song entered the UK charts at number 49 on November 30, and by December 21, it had reached number 2, even though it had not been rereleased in a physical format.
[149]
[150]
Influence
[
edit
]
Musicians who have been influenced by Buckley include
Adele
,
Bat For Lashes
,
Lana Del Rey
,
Anna Calvi
,
Kiesza
,
Ben Folds
,
Jonny Lang
,
Eddie Vedder
,
Fran Healy
, and
Chris Cornell
.
[151]
[152]
The singer and guitarist
Matt Bellamy
of
Muse
cited Buckley as an influence on his vocals. He said he did not believe his singing would be suitable for rock music until he heard Buckley's 1994 album
Grace
, which "made me feel confident that a high-pitched, softer voice can work very well with rock".
[153]
In 2020, Bellamy purchased the
Fender Telecaster
used by Buckley for
Grace
, and said it "has a sound like nothing I've ever heard".
[154]
[155]
Radiohead
recorded their 1995 song "
Fake Plastic Trees
" after being inspired by Buckley's performance at the
Garage, London
.
[156]
[157]
Radiohead bassist
Colin Greenwood
said: "He just had a Telecaster and a pint of Guinness. And it was just fucking amazing, really inspirational."
[158]
Singer
Thom Yorke
said that Buckley gave him the confidence to sing in falsetto.
[159]
Coldplay
singer
Chris Martin
described the 2000 Coldplay single "
Shiver
" as "a rip off of Jeff Buckley".
[160]
In September 2022, during the
Taylor Hawkins
Tribute Concert
at
Wembley
honoring the late Foo Fighters drummer,
Dave Grohl
described Hawkins as a "musicologist" and that the drummer introduced him to Jeff Buckley's
Grace,
which Grohl described as a "classic album". After that, he introduced his daughter
Violet
(who has also recognized herself publicly as a Buckley fan) in one of her first live performances to sing "
Last Goodbye
" and "
Grace
", alongside
Alain Johannes
,
Greg Kurstin
,
Chris Chaney
, and
Jason Falkner
; Grohl accompanied his daughter on drums.
[161]
Biographical film
[
edit
]
According to
Variety
, a biographical film,
Everybody Here Wants You,
starring
Reeve Carney
as Buckley, was set to begin filming in late 2021.
[162]
[163]
It was to be
Orian Williams
's directorial debut and released by Culmination Productions. It was to be co-produced by Buckley's mother, Mary Guibert, and Alison Raykovich, manager of Buckley's estate, would access to his music.
[164]
[165]
Buckley's mother said "this will be the only official dramatisation of Jeff's story".
[166]
Discography
[
edit
]
- Studio album
Awards and nominations
[
edit
]
- The
Academie Charles Cros
awarded Buckley the "Grand Prix International Du Disque" on April 13, 1995, in honor of his debut album
Grace
.
[70]
- MTV Video Music Award
nomination for Best New Artist in a Video for "Last Goodbye", 1995
[167]
- Rolling Stone
magazine nomination for Best New Artist, 1995
[5]
- Triple J Hottest 100
awarded number 14 best song for that year in the world's largest voting competition for "Last Goodbye", 1995
[168]
- Grammy Award
nomination for
Best Male Rock Vocal Performance
for "Everybody Here Wants You", 1998
[167]
- Grace
was ranked number 303 of the
500 Greatest Albums
by
Rolling Stone
in 2003.
[169]
- Buckley's cover of "Hallelujah" was ranked number 259 of the
500 Greatest Songs
by
Rolling Stone
in 2004.
[77]
- MOJO Awards
nomination for Catalogue Release of the Year for
Grace
, 2005
- In 2006,
Mojo
named
Grace
the number one Modern Rock Classic of all Time. It was also rated as Australia's second favorite album on
My Favourite Album
, a television special aired by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, on December 3, 2006.
[170]
- Rolling Stone
ranked Buckley number 39 in its 2008 list, The 100 Greatest Singers of All Time.
[171]
- On the
Triple J Hottest 100 of All Time, 2009
,
[172]
Buckley's version of "Hallelujah" was voted third place; "Last Goodbye" was seventh, "Lover, You Should've Come Over" was 56th, and "Grace" 69th.
- On the
Triple J Hottest 100 of the Past 20 Years, 2013
, Last Goodbye was voted third place and "Hallelujah" number 36.
[
citation needed
]
References
[
edit
]
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{{
cite AV media notes
}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (
link
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Sources
[
edit
]
Further reading
[
edit
]
- Buckley, Jeff (2002). Marshall, Samantha (ed.).
Jeff Buckley Collection
. Hal Leonard.
ISBN
0-634-02265-2
.
- Cyr, Merri (2002).
Wished for Song: A Portrait of Jeff Buckley
. Hal Leonard.
ISBN
0-634-03595-9
.
- Apter, Jeff (2009).
A Pure Drop: The Life of Jeff Buckley
. Backbeat Books.
ISBN
978-0-87930-954-1
.
- Price, Chris; Harland, Joe (2010).
Live Fast, Die Young: Misadventures in Rock & Roll America
. Summersdale.
ISBN
978-1-84953-049-1
.
External links
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edit
]
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