Political party in India, 1988?1999
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Abbreviation
| JD
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Founder
| V. P. Singh
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Founded
| 11 October 1988
(35 years ago)
(
1988-10-11
)
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Dissolved
| 2003
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Merger of
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Succeeded by
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National affiliation
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Colours
|
Green
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|
Janata Dal
(“People’s Party”) was an
Indian political party
which was formed through the merger of
Janata Party
factions, the
Lok Dal
,
Indian National Congress (Jagjivan)
, and the
Jan Morcha
united on 11 October 1988 on the birth anniversary of
Jayaprakash Narayan
under the leadership of
V. P. Singh
.
[2]
[3]
History
[
edit
]
V. P. Singh
united the entire disparate spectrum of parties ranging from regional parties such as the
Telugu Desam Party
, the
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
, and the
Asom Gana Parishad
, together and formed the
National Front
with
N. T. Rama Rao
as Indian Election History President and
V. P. Singh
as convenor. The front also included outside support from the
right-wing
Bharatiya Janata Party
and the
left-wing
Left Front, led by the
Communist Party of India
and
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
. They defeated
Rajiv Gandhi
's
Congress (I)
in the 1989 parliamentary elections.
[4]
[5]
His government fell after
Lalu Prasad Yadav
got
Advani
arrested in
Samastipur
and stopped his
Ram Rath Yatra
,
which was going to
Ayodhya
on the site of the Babri Masjid on October 23, 1990, and the Bharatiya Janata Party withdrew support.
V. P. Singh
lost a parliamentary vote of confidence on November 7, 1990.
[6]
In the
1991 Indian general election
the Janata Dal lost power but emerged as the third largest party in
Lok Sabha
.
[7]
The Janata Dal-led
United Front
formed the government after the
1996 Indian general election
with the outside support of the
Indian National Congress
. However, after this the Janata Dal gradually disintegrated into various smaller factions, which largely became regional parties such as
Biju Janata Dal
,
Rashtriya Janata Dal
,
Janata Dal (Secular)
and
Janata Dal (United)
.
[8]
Ascent to power
[
edit
]
It first came to power in 1989, after cases of corruption, known as the
Bofors scandal
, caused
Rajiv Gandhi
's
Congress (I)
to lose the elections. The
National Front
coalition that was formed consisted of the Janata Dal and a few smaller parties in the government, and had outside support from the
Left Front
and the
Bharatiya Janata Party
.
V. P. Singh
was the prime minister. In November 1990, this coalition collapsed, and a new government headed by
Chandra Shekhar
under
Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)
which had the support of the congress came to power for a short while. Two days before the vote,
Chandra Shekhar
, an ambitious Janata Dal rival who had been kept out of the National Front government, joined with Devi Lal, a former deputy prime minister under V. P. Singh, to form the Samajwadi Janata Party, with a total of just sixty
Lok Sabha
members. The day after the collapse of the National Front government, Chandra Shekhar informed the president that by gaining the backing of the Congress (I) and its electoral allies he enjoyed the support of 280 members of the Lok Sabha, and he demanded the right to constitute a new government. Even though his rump party accounted for only one-ninth of the members of the Lok Sabha, Chandra Shekhar succeeded in forming a new minority Government and becoming Prime Minister (with Devi Lal as deputy prime minister). However, Chandra Shekhar's government fell less than four months later, after the Congress (I) withdrew its support.
Its second spell of power began in 1996, when the Janata Dal-led
United Front
coalition came to power, with outside support from the congress under
Sitaram Kesri
, choosing
H. D. Deve Gowda
as their prime minister. The Congress withdrew their support in less than a year, after the
H. D. Deve Gowda
Government restarted probing the corruption cases against a lot of Congress leaders, hoping to gain power with the support of various United Front constituent groups, and
I. K. Gujral
became the next prime minister. His government too fell in a few months, and in February 1998, the Janata Dal-led coalition lost power to the
Bharatiya Janata Party
in General Elections.
List of prime ministers
[
edit
]
Electoral records
[
edit
]
Electoral Performance
Year
|
Seats won
|
Votes
|
1989 Indian general election
|
143
|
143
|
53,518,521
|
53,518,521
|
1991 Indian general election
|
59
|
84
|
32,628,400
|
2,08,90,121
|
1996 Indian general election
|
46
|
13
|
27,070,340
|
55,58,060
|
1998 Indian general election
|
6
|
40
|
11,930,209
|
1,51,40,131
|
Party Disintegrated
|
Vice President of India
[
edit
]
Krishan Kant
Party Presidents
[
edit
]
V P Singh
(1989-1997)
[9]
Sharad Yadav
(1997-1999)
[10]
[11]
National Units
[
edit
]
Thakur Ji Pathak
(1989 ? 1994)- National General Secretary
[12]
State Units
[
edit
]
Uttar pradesh
[
edit
]
Anantram Jaiswal
(1983)
Karnataka
[
edit
]
Presidents
[
edit
]
B. Rachaiah
(1989)
[9]
Siddaramaiah
(Feb 1999)
[13]
C. Byre Gowda
(July 1999)
[10]
General Secretary
[
edit
]
Jeevaraj Alva
(1989-1990)
[14]
[9]
C. Narayanaswamy
(1999)
[10]
Tamil Nadu
[
edit
]
President
[
edit
]
Sivaji Ganesan
(1989-1993)
Janata Dal factions
[
edit
]
Defunct parties
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Samata Party
, archived from
the original
on 2022-02-15
, retrieved
2022-02-15
- ^
N. Jose Chander (1 January 2004).
Coalition Politics: The Indian Experience
. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 35?.
ISBN
978-81-8069-092-1
. Retrieved
31 October
2015
.
- ^
India Since Independence: Making Sense of Indian Politics
. Pearson Education India. 2010. pp. 334?.
ISBN
978-81-317-2567-2
. Retrieved
31 October
2015
.
- ^
"V. P. Singh, a Leader of India Who Defended Poor, Dies at 77"
.
New York Times
. 29 November 2008
. Retrieved
31 October
2015
.
- ^
Indian Parliamentary Democracy
. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. 2003. pp. 124?.
ISBN
978-81-269-0193-7
. Retrieved
1 November
2015
.
- ^
"India's Cabinet Falls as Premier Loses Confidence Vote, by 142-346, and Quits"
.
New York Times
. 8 November 1990
. Retrieved
1 November
2015
.
- ^
"India Parliamentary Chamber: Lok Sabha Elections Held in 1991"
. Inter-Parliamentary Union
. Retrieved
1 November
2015
.
- ^
"Lalu green signal for Janata Parivar unity"
.
Madan Kumar
.
The Times of India
. 5 April 2015
. Retrieved
1 November
2015
.
- ^
a
b
c
Rajghatta, Chidanand; March 31, 1989.
"Karnataka unit Janata Dal gets a president"
.
India Today
. Retrieved
2021-08-22
.
{{
cite web
}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link
)
- ^
a
b
c
Menon, Parvathi.
"The fallout in Karnataka"
.
Frontline
. Retrieved
2021-12-13
.
- ^
"Sharad Yadav: Socialist leader whose political journey saw splits and alliances"
.
Hindustan Times
. 2023-01-13
. Retrieved
2023-08-27
.
- ^
"india-today"
.
indiatoday.com
.
- ^
"Rediff On The NeT: Spectre of split returns to haunt JD"
.
inwww.rediff.com
. Retrieved
2021-12-13
.
- ^
Raj Chengappa (September 15, 1988).
"Karnataka's new CM S.R. Bommai inherits a troubled legacy"
.
India Today
. Retrieved
2021-08-17
.
- ^
"Samras Samaj Party merges into RLSP"
.
News.webindia123.com
. Retrieved
22 September
2018
.
- ^
"Nitish Kumar hails SJD's merger with JD-U in Kerala : South, News - India Today"
. Indiatoday.intoday.in. 2014-12-29
. Retrieved
2017-03-12
.
- ^
"SJD Merges with Sharad Yadav's Janata Dal (United)"
. The New Indian Express. 2014-12-29. Archived from
the original
on December 31, 2014
. Retrieved
2017-03-12
.
- ^
"From Lucknow to Delhi, parties that died with their founders"
.
The Indian Express
. 24 December 2016
. Retrieved
27 June
2018
.
- ^
"Samata Party ? Official Website"
. Archived from
the original
on 2022-02-15
. Retrieved
2022-04-25
.
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Prime Ministers of Janata Dal
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Parties in
INDIA
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Parties in
NDA
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Others
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Defunct Parties
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