Bilateral relations
Iran?Mexico relations
are the bilateral ties between the
United Mexican States
and the
Islamic Republic of Iran
. Both nations are members of the
Group of 15
,
Group of 24
, and the
United Nations
.
History
[
edit
]
Mexican First Lady
Carmen Romano
and President
Jose Lopez Portillo
accompanying Iranian Queen Consort
Tadj ol-Molouk
in Mexico City; 1978.
The first diplomatic contacts between
Qajar Iran
(then known as "
Persia
") and
Porfiriato-era Mexico
took place in 1889. In May 1903, a treaty of friendship was signed between the two nations, however, it was later abolished and declared null by the Iranian government in May 1928 due to a technicality.
[
citation needed
]
In 1937, a new treaty was signed between the two nations and on 15 October 1964, formal diplomatic relations were established.
[1]
In May 1975,
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
paid a high-level visit to Mexico, where he met with Mexican president
Luis Echeverria
.
[2]
During the
Shah
's visit, he and Echeverria discussed events transpiring in the
Middle East
at the time; both leaders agreed to strengthen their bilateral relations and to open embassies in each other's capitals.
[2]
In July 1975, Echeverria paid an official visit to Iran, the first and only visit to the country by a sitting Mexican head of state.
[3]
In January 1978, anti-government demonstrations intensified in Iran, and were followed by the
Islamic Revolution
. The
Iranian monarchy
was consequently abolished and replaced with an
Islamic republic
while the
Pahlavi dynasty
fled the country into exile. After first fleeing to
Egypt
,
Morocco
, and the
Bahamas
, the Pahlavi family arrived in Mexico in June 1979, where they were granted
political asylum
. Fearing reprisals by the Iranian people and
the new government
for its decision in allowing the Shah to seek asylum in Mexico; Mexico closed its embassy in
Tehran
. As a result, Iran downgraded its diplomatic representation in Mexico to that of a
charge d'affaires
. In October 1979, the Shah left Mexico and entered the
United States
for
cancer treatment
; he later succumbed to his illness in July 1980 in
Cairo
, Egypt.
[1]
[4]
In July 1992, Mexico re-opened its embassy in Tehran and in 1994, a joint Iran?Mexico conference was held in Tehran with the objective of strengthening bilateral relations. A second conference took place seven years later, in 2001, in Mexico City. In December 2014, an Iranian parliamentarian delegation visited Mexico to mark 50 years since the two states established diplomatic relations.
[5]
In October 2016, an exhibition of “Pre-
Hispanic
Codices of Mexico” was opened in the
National Museum of Iran
and the
National Library of Iran
in Tehran. These were 26 representative codices of the
Aztec
,
Mayan
,
Mixtec
, and
Toltec
civilizations.
[5]
High-level visits
[
edit
]
From Iran to Mexico
From Mexico to Iran
Bilateral agreements
[
edit
]
Both countries have signed some bilateral agreements such as the Friendship Agreement (1903); Agreement on Scientific and Technical Cooperation (1975); Agreement on Cultural Cooperation (1975); and the Memorandum of Understanding to Strengthen Inter-Parliamentary Links (2014).
[5]
Trade
[
edit
]
Iran and Mexico have enjoyed increasingly close political and economic relations over the years. The two countries aim to expand cooperation in several sectors, sharing science and technology, particularly in the
oil industry
. In 2018, total trade between both nations amounted to
US$
6 million.
[6]
Iran's main exports to Mexico include goods for the assembly or manufacture of aircraft, marble, carpets, and parts for
turbochargers
and
superchargers
. Mexico's main exports to Iran include scissors, chewing gum, razors,
distilled water
, toothbrushes, including brushes for dentures, wheat,
tubers roots
, and vegetable materials of the species used mainly in the manufacture of brooms, brushes, sesame oil, and
sodium salts
.
[5]
Mexico is Iran's principal trading partner in
Latin America
.
[7]
Embassy of Iran in Mexico City
Resident diplomatic missions
[
edit
]
References
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]
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