The
independence of Moldova
was officially recognized on 2 March 1992, when
Moldova
gained membership of the
United Nations
. The nation had declared its independence from the
Soviet Union
on 27 August 1991, and was a co-founder of the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States. Moldova became fully independent from the Soviet Union that December, and joined the United Nations three months later.
Background
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In the new political conditions created after 1985 by the
glasnost
policy introduced by
Mikhail Gorbachev
in 1986 to support
perestroika
(restructuring), a
Democratic Movement of Moldova
(
Romanian
:
Mi?carea Democratic? din Moldova
) was formed, which in 1989 became known as the nationalist
Popular Front of Moldova
(FPM;
Romanian
:
Frontul Popular din Moldova
).
[1]
[2]
Along with several other Soviet republics, from 1988 onwards, Moldova started to move towards independence. On 27 August 1989, the FPM organized a mass demonstration in
Chi?in?u
, that became known as the Great National Assembly (
Romanian
:
Marea Adunare Na?ional?
), which pressured the authorities of the
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
to adopt a language law on 31 August 1989, that proclaimed the
Moldovan language
written in the Latin script to be the state language of the MSSR. Its identity with the
Romanian language
was also established.
[1]
[3]
The
first independent elections
for the local parliament were held in February and March 1991.
Mircea Snegur
was elected as speaker of the parliament, and
Mircea Druc
as prime minister. On 23 June 1990, the parliament adopted the Declaration of Sovereignty of the Soviet Socialist Republic Moldova, which, among other things, stipulated the supremacy of Moldovan laws over those of the Soviet Union.
[1]
After the failure of the
1991 Soviet coup d'etat attempt
, on 27 August 1991, Moldova declared its independence. On 21 December of the same year, Moldova, along with most of the former Soviet republics, signed the constitutive act that formed the post-Soviet
Commonwealth of Independent States
(CIS). Moldova became fully independent from the Soviet Union on 25 December 1991. The following day the Soviet Union ceased to exist. Declaring itself a
neutral state
, it did not join the military branch of the CIS. Three months later, on 2 March 1992, the country gained formal recognition as an independent state at the
United Nations
. In 1994, Moldova became a member of
NATO
's
Partnership for Peace
program and also a member of the
Council of Europe
on 29 June 1995.
[1]
Declaration of Independence of Moldova
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The
Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova
was a document adopted by the
Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
following the
dissolution of the Soviet Union
. The document claims "millenary history" and "uninterrupted statehood" within historic and ethnic borders.
The Republic of Moldova
gained official recognition of statehood on 2 March 1992, when gaining membership of the
United Nations
.
Disputed status of Transnistria
[
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]
The Moldovan Declaration of Independence clearly and directly claims Moldovan
sovereignty
over the territory of
Transnistria
as it is "a component part of the historical and ethnic territory of our people". However, the Moldovan Declaration of Independence is itself used as an argument against Moldovan sovereignty over Transnistria as it denounces the
agreement of 23 August 1939
, between the government of the
Soviet Union
and the government of
Nazi Germany
, the only formal mention of the union between the two territories, "null and void" .
[4]
See also
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Notes
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External links
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Internal
background
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International
background
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Reforms
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Government
leaders
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Opposition
methods
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Opposition
leaders
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Opposition
movements
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Events
by location
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Eastern Europe
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Soviet Union
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Elsewhere
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Individual
events
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Later events
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Related
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