American activist and trade unionist (born 1952)
Howard Gresham Hawkins III
[1]
[2]
(born December 8, 1952) is an American
trade unionist
,
environmental activist
, and
perennial candidate
from
New York
. A co-founder of the
Green Party of the United States
, Hawkins was the party's
presidential nominee
in the
2020 presidential election
. His ideological platform includes enacting an
eco-socialist
version of the
Green New Deal
?which he first proposed in 2010?and building a viable, independent working-class political and social movement in opposition to the country's
two major political parties
, and
capitalism
in general.
[3]
Hawkins has played leading roles in
anti-war
,
[4]
anti-nuclear
,
[5]
and pro-worker movements since the 1960s. Hawkins is a retired
teamster
and construction worker; from 2001 until his retirement in 2017, Hawkins worked the night shift unloading trucks for
UPS
.
[6]
[7]
Hawkins has
ran for numerous political offices on 25 occasions
, all of which resulted in losses.
[8]
He was the
Green Party of New York
's candidate for the
U.S. Senate
in 2006. In 2010, Hawkins ran as the Green Party's candidate for
Governor of New York
, which restored ballot status for the party when it received more than the necessary 50,000 votes. In 2014, Hawkins ran again for the same office and received 5% percent of the vote. Hawkins ran for
Mayor of Syracuse in 2017
and received roughly 4% of vote. He then ran a third time for Governor of
New York in 2018
, but received less than 2% percent of the vote.
Hawkins received 407,068 votes, or 0.2% of the electorate in the
2020 presidential election
,
[9]
receiving nearly a percentage less of the popular vote compared to 2016 Green Party nominee
Jill Stein
.
[10]
Hawkins ran for Governor of New York in
2022
, but since the Green Party only received 32,832 votes in New York in the 2020 election, a far cry of the 130,000 needed, the party lost ballot access and Hawkins ran as an Independent
write-in candidate
.
[11]
He failed to win, as the sum of all write-ins only came to 9,290 votes, or 0.2%.
[12]
Early life and career
[
edit
]
Hawkins in the 1970
Burlingame High School
yearbook
Hawkins was born in
San Francisco
,
California
, in 1952, and raised in nearby
San Mateo, California
.
[13]
[14]
[15]
He grew up in a diverse neighborhood in the city near the
Bayshore Freeway
, which had seen a large influx of migrants from the
southern United States
, both black and white: Hawkins has credited his
southern-inflected accent
as being a result of this.
[16]
His father was an attorney who was a football and wrestling student-athlete at the
University of Chicago
and served in the counter-intelligence unit for the
U.S. Army
's
Manhattan Project
during
World War II
.
[13]
[14]
He became politically active at the age of 12, when he saw how the multiracial
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
was denied recognition at the
1964 Democratic Convention
.
[15]
After high school, Hawkins attended
Dartmouth College
in New Hampshire. He was never granted a degree because he did not complete the foreign language requirement. While at Dartmouth, he founded the Dartmouth Radical Union which opposed Dartmouth's investment in corporations that supported, among other causes,
apartheid
in
South Africa
and the
Vietnam War
. Despite his anti-war activism, he joined the Marine Corps after being drafted in 1972.
[17]
[18]
He was never ordered back to active duty after completing boot camp.
[5]
That same year Hawkins campaigned for
Bernie Sanders
, then the
Liberty Union Party
candidate for
senate
and
governor
of Vermont.
[19]
[20]
In 1973, Hawkins joined
Socialist Party USA
, a membership which has continued to the present day.
[21]
In 1976, Hawkins was one of the co-founders of the
Clamshell Alliance
which was an anti-nuclear power organization aimed at stopping its use in
New England
.
[19]
Green Party
[
edit
]
In the 1980s Hawkins joined the
green movement
. In 1988, he and
Murray Bookchin
founded the
Left Green Network
"as a radical alternative to U.S. Green liberals", based around the principles of
social ecology
and
libertarian municipalism
.
[22]
In the early 1990s a press conference was held in Washington, D.C., that featured Charles Betz, Joni Whitmore, Hilda Mason, and Howie Hawkins to announce the formation of the
Greens/Green Party USA
.
[23]
Later in December 1999,
Mike Feinstein
and Hawkins wrote the Plan for a Single National Green Party which was the plan to organize the
ASGP
and
GPUSA
into a single
Green Party
.
[24]
A
perennial candidate
, Hawkins ran in multiple New York
Senate
and
House
races.
[25]
In
2010
he surpassed the 50,000 vote requirement to stay on the ballot in the gubernatorial election and
four years
later he received enough to move the Green Party line to Row D as he had taken one-third more than the
Working Families Party
and twice as much as the
Independence Party
.
[26]
However, in
2018
he lost 80,000 votes, but retained ballot access and was only lowered one row down to Row E.
[27]
In
2012
Hawkins was approached over the possibility of running for the Green Party nomination, but declined due to his employment commitments at
UPS
forcing him to campaign for offices in New York at most and would interfere with a national campaign.
[28]
Following Hawkins' retirement he was approached again to run by a
draft movement
with a public letter addressed to him that was signed by former Green vice presidential nominees
Cheri Honkala
and
Ajamu Baraka
, former Green mayoral candidate and
Ralph Nader
's 2008 running mate
Matt Gonzalez
, and other prominent Green Party members.
[29]
Hawkins was accidentally listed on ballots in Minnesota as the Green Party candidate for vice president, along with
Jill Stein
for president in the
2016 general election
. Although
Ajamu Baraka
was Stein's running mate on the party's national ticket, Hawkins was inadvertently placed on the Minnesota ballot due to the party using him as a stand-in before the vice-presidential candidate was chosen.
[30]
With Hawkins listed, the Green Party ticket for
President of the United States in Minnesota
received nearly 37,000 votes statewide, an increase of 0.82% from the party's previous result in
2012
.
Political positions
[
edit
]
In 1993, Hawkins favored
anarcho-communism
as well as
libertarian municipalism
, as the "best way of integrating worker's control and community control in a process of social change that ultimately yields in a marketless, moneyless, stateless cooperative commonwealth".
[31]
Hawkins was also a member of the
Industrial Workers of the World
.
[32]
Hawkins disagrees with the "party-within-the-party" approach to the
Democratic Party
exercised by organizations such as the
Democratic Socialists of America
or by individuals such as
Bernie Sanders
.
[33]
Instead, he believes that socialists should immediately create an independent left-wing party.
[33]
Hawkins became the first politician to include the
Green New Deal
in their election platform when he ran for Governor of New York in 2010.
[34]
Hawkins supports the Green Party's version of the Green New Deal that would serve as a transitional plan to a one hundred percent clean, renewable energy by 2030 utilizing a
carbon tax
,
jobs guarantee
, free college,
single-payer healthcare
and a focus on using public programs.
[35]
[36]
He self-describes as an
eco-socialist
and
libertarian socialist
.
[37]
[38]
New York politics
[
edit
]
Hawkins was the
Green Party of New York
's candidate for the
United States Senate
in the state of New York. Hawkins received 55,469 votes in the November 2006 election (during which Hillary Clinton was re-elected), for 1.2% of the total votes cast.
[39]
In 2008, Hawkins ran for the
United States House of Representatives
in
New York's 25th congressional district
on the Green Populist line. Hawkins won 9,483 votes, losing to Democrat
Dan Maffei
by 147,892 votes.
[40]
Hawkins' Gubernatorial Performance
In May 2010, Hawkins was nominated to run for
Governor of New York
as the Green Party candidate. His campaign was also supported by the
Socialist Party of New York
.
[41]
On November 2, 2010, Hawkins received nearly 60,000 votes (1.3%), allowing the Green Party of New York to be listed on the ballot for the next four years.
[42]
[43]
In December 2010, Hawkins was named co-chair of the newly recognized Green Party of New York.
[44]
Hawkins announced his candidacy for 4th District Common Councilor in Syracuse in September 2011, running as a Green Party candidate.
[45]
[46]
His opponent was a Democrat, Khalid Bey. Hawkins received endorsements from the Syracuse Post Standard, UNITE HERE Local 150, and the Greater Syracuse Labor Council.
[47]
[48]
Hawkins planned to sponsor resolutions for state tax code reforms to require more from the state's wealthiest, and to share more revenues with cities. He also supported the establishment of a municipal development bank to provide financing for local cooperative businesses and a 0.4% "
commuter tax
" on the incomes of suburbanites working in the city.
[49]
Hawkins lost the election to Bey.
[50]
On May 20, 2013, Hawkins announced that he would again run for 4th District Common Councilor in Syracuse. His opponent was incumbent
Democrat
Khalid Bey.
[51]
On October 16, 2013, Hawkins published a fiscal position paper with mayoral candidate Kevin Bott focused on a new scaled local income tax, and the role of the state in the fiscal crisis in Syracuse. Bott and Hawkins point out that New York revenue sharing with its biggest cities has decreased from the teens to just about one percent since the 1970s.
[52]
[53]
Hawkins lost the election to
Democrat
Bey by a vote of 1,471 to 995.
[54]
On April 9, 2014, Hawkins announced his second candidacy for
Governor of New York
at the LCA Pressroom in
Albany, New York
. His campaign positions included a "
Green New Deal
" platform, a "Clean Money" system for public financing of elections, ending New York's role in the national Common Core standards, and a
minimum wage
increase to $15 an hour from the then-current $8 an hour in New York.
[55]
Hawkins' running mate for
Lt. Governor
was New York City educator and union activist
Brian Jones
.
[56]
Hawkins and the Green Party received 184,419 votes (4.8% of the vote), which moved the
Green Party
up to the fourth line on state ballots for the next four years (surpassing the Working Families and Independence parties).
[57]
In 2015, Hawkins ran for Syracuse City
Auditor
against incumbent Marty Masterpole. Hawkins noted that Masterpole had filed only two financial audits, and criticized him for auditing city skating rinks and golf courses while the city suffered from high poverty, failing infrastructure and struggling schools.
[58]
Former District 2 city councilor Pat Hogan suggested to Hawkins that he should run for auditor, stating, "I'm not turning Green ... I am more concerned about the city than the party. The auditor is supposed to be a
watchdog
on the city budgets and Marty isn't doing any watching. There's a dearth of independence in city government."
[59]
Hawkins lost the election, winning 35 percent of the vote.
[60]
In 2017, Hawkins ran for Mayor of Syracuse as a Green Party candidate to replace outgoing mayor Stephanie Miner. One of his central campaign points was to restore the
Erie Canal
through Downtown Syracuse to help aide in the revitalization of the neighborhood, with the belief that 'Cities that capitalize on their waterways tend to have more vibrant downtowns
[61]
'. Hawkins won 4.1% of the vote (excluding write-ins) and lost to independent Ben Walsh (54.4%, excluding write-ins),
[62]
the first independent in the city's history.
On April 12, 2018, Hawkins announced his third run for
Governor of New York
on the Green Party line. Hawkins and running mate Jia Lee received 95,716 votes (1.7%).
[63]
2020 presidential campaign
[
edit
]
Background
[
edit
]
In
2012
Hawkins was approached over the possibility of running for the Green Party nomination, but declined due to his employment commitments at
UPS
forcing him to campaign for offices in New York at most and would interfere with a national campaign.
[64]
However, following Hawkins' retirement he was approached again to run by a draft movement with a public letter addressed to him that was signed by former Green vice presidential nominees
Cheri Honkala
and
Ajamu Baraka
, former Green mayoral candidate and
Nader's
2008 running mate
Matt Gonzalez
, and other prominent Green Party members.
[65]
Campaign
[
edit
]
On April 3, 2019, Hawkins announced that he was forming an
exploratory committee
to prepare for a potential candidacy for the Green Party
2020
presidential nomination
and later Hawkins formally launched his campaign on May 28, 2019, in
Brooklyn, New York
.
[66]
[67]
[68]
On August 23, 2019, the Hawkins campaign announced they had met the requisite
federal matching funds
for
California
and
New York
.
[69]
The campaign must receive $5,000 from residents, with no more than $250 counted for each contribution, in at least 20 states to qualify for the funds. Only his campaign and
Steve Bullock
's applied for primary season matching funds.
[70]
On October 26, 2019, Hawkins won the nomination of the Socialist Party USA in his effort to unite smaller left-wing parties together.
[71]
In November, Hawkins won the nomination of
Solidarity
.
[72]
[73]
On May 5, 2020, Hawkins selected
Angela Walker
as his running mate.
[74]
On July 11, 2020, Hawkins was chosen as the Green Party's nominee for the 2020 U.S. presidential election. His platform includes the
Green New Deal
(funded in part by cuts to military spending),
Medicare for All
, a federal jobs guarantee, a $20 minimum wage and a
guaranteed minimum income
.
[34]
On November 3, 2020, the results of the
election
were declared. Hawkins had received 407,068 votes (0.26%) of the popular vote, and
0 electoral votes.
[75]
This was the third best
showing a green party member had received
, after
Jill Stein
and
Ralph Nader
. Hawkins conceded the election to
Joe Biden
.
Electoral history
[
edit
]
Publications
[
edit
]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
Prior to being a political party in the early 1990s, The Greens/Green Party USA was a Left?Green activist movement that started in the 1980s. The Greens merged into the Green Party in 2019.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
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.
- ^
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. October 2, 2020.
- ^
Hawkins, Howie (April 11, 2006).
Independent politics : the Green Party strategy debate
. Haymarket Books.
ISBN
9781931859301
.
- ^
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.
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- ^
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- ^
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.
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. Retrieved
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- ^
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.
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.
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- ^
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.
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. Retrieved
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- ^
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.
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. Retrieved
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2020
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.
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on August 10, 2017
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- ^
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. Retrieved
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- ^
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. April 2, 2019. Archived from
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on April 2, 2019.
- ^
Pugmire, Tim (August 22, 2016).
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.
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. Retrieved
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2016
.
- ^
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(PDF)
.
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.
3
: 60.
- ^
Dunn, Brendan Maslauskas.
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.
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. Retrieved
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2019
.
- ^
a
b
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.
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. Retrieved
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2019
.
- ^
a
b
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.
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.
Archived
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. Retrieved
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.
- ^
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.
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. Archived from
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.
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. Archived from
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.
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. Retrieved
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.
- ^
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Green Party's Howie Hawkins on Anarchism.
PRIMO NUTMEG #175. www.youtube.com. 5-30-19. Retrieved 6-1-21 from:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onpeJZUHh68&ab_channel=PrimoNutmeg
- ^
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(PDF)
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
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(PDF)
.
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. 2008.
- ^
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. June 14, 2010
. Retrieved
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.
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, Monday June 14, 2010
- ^
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.
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. Retrieved
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.
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- ^
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. November 3, 2010
. Retrieved
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2010
.
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, November 3, 2010
- ^
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Archived
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- ^
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. October 7, 2011. Archived from
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on March 1, 2018
. Retrieved
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.
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.
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. Retrieved
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.
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. November 2011
. Retrieved
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.
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.
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. Retrieved
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- ^
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. November 17, 2011.
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. May 20, 2013
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. Retrieved
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.
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.
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. Archived from
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"
. April 9, 2019.
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. March 29, 2019.
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.
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. March 29, 2019
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- ^
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.
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. May 28, 2019
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- ^
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"Thank you, @cagreenparty"
(
Tweet
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. Retrieved
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– via
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.
- ^
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.
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. Retrieved
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.
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. October 28, 2019.
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. Retrieved
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.
- ^
"Howie Hawkins for President"
.
Solidarity
. October 31, 2019.
- ^
Socialist Party USA [@SPofUSA]
(October 26, 2019).
"The Socialist Party is excited to announce Howie Hawkins as its presidential nominee for the 2020 election!"
(
Tweet
)
. Retrieved
October 26,
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– via
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.
- ^
Saturn, William (May 5, 2020).
"Howie Hawkins Announces Running Mate"
.
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. Retrieved
September 2,
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.
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Multiple Authors, Multiple Authors (November 3, 2022).
"
"U.S. Elections for the President, Senate and the House of Representatives"
"
(PDF)
.
fec.gov
. Retrieved
November 18,
2022
.
External links
[
edit
]
|
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Presidential tickets
| |
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Presidential primaries
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Convention
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Parties by state
and territory
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Related organizations
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History
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Related articles
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a
As of January 2021, the original
GPAK
is no longer affiliated to the GPUS, following disagreements with the national party during the
2020 presidential election
b
As of July 2021, the original
GGP
is no longer affiliated to the GPUS, following disagreements over amendments passed in the GGP party platform
c
As of December 2020, the original
GPRI
is no longer affiliated to the GPUS, following disagreements with the national party during the 2020 presidential election
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International
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National
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Other
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