Province of Iran
Province in Region 2, Iran
Bandar Abbas International Airport
Kish International Airport
Hormozgan Province
(
Persian
:
????? ???????
)
[a]
is one of the 31
provinces of Iran
. Its capital is the city of
Bandar Abbas
.
[4]
The province is in the south of the country, in Iran's
Region 2
.
[5]
facing
Oman
, the
United Arab Emirates
and the Hormuz Straits. Its area is 70,697 km
2
(27,296 sq mi),
[6]
The province has 14 islands in the
Persian Gulf
and 1,000 km (620 mi) of coastline.
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the Hormuzgan Province population was recorded as 1,365,377 people in 303,323 households.
[7]
In the following census in 2011, the population had increased to 1,578,183 in 396,927 households.
[8]
By the time of the last census conducted in 2016, the population had risen to 1,776,415 in 493,660 households.
[2]
History
[
edit
]
Although Hormozgan is known to have been settled during the
Achaemenid
era when
Nearchus
passed through the region, recorded history of the main
port
of Hormozgan (Bandar?e Hormoz) begins with
Ardashir I of Persia
of the
Sassanid
empire.
The province is said to have been particularly prosperous between 241 BC and 211 BC, but grew even further in trade and commercial significance with the beginning of the Islamic era.
Marco Polo
visited the port of
Bandar Abbas
in 1272 and 1293. He reported widespread trading in Persian jewelry,
ivory
and
silk
of
Indochina
, and
pearls
from
Bahrain
in the bazaars of the port of Hormuz.
In 1497 Europeans landed in the region for the first time, headed by
Vasco da Gama
. In 1508 the
Portuguese
, led by
Afonso de Albuquerque
invaded the area with seven warships, under the pretext of protecting their interests from
Egypt
and
Venice
. The port of Hormuz at the time was considered strategically positioned for commercial interests in the Persian Gulf.
Ismail I
who was trying to counter the
Ottoman Empire
to the west, was unable to save the port from the Portuguese, until
Shah Abbas I
was finally able to drive them out of the Persian Gulf with the aid of the British. The name of
Bandar Abbas
comes directly from the name of Shah Abbas I.
The British, meanwhile, were competing for influence in the region with Dutch colonialists, who invaded
Qeshm Island
and dispatched warships to
Bandar Abbas
during the final years of Shah Abbas' reign. The Persian government was unable to defend itself against this attack. However, with the souring of British and Dutch relations, military tensions grew in the region. The Dutch finally resorted to moving their base up to
Kharg Island
.
The Amir of Kharg, Mir Mahna Baloch and Mir Hamal Kalmati with Baloch army defeated the Europeans from Bander Abbas till Karachi, so with the Dutch and other forces at Kharg, the British were firmly in charge of the entire region. Soon Britain took control over the entire Persian Gulf via the
British East India Company
. The British adopted policy encouraging local autonomy throughout the Persian Gulf to in order to prevent a formidable unified force from threatening their establishments in the gulf.
The strategic importance of the Persian Gulf further increased after
World War I
with the discovery of oil in the region.
Geography and climate
[
edit
]
The province is primarily mountainous, consisting of the southern tip of the
Zagros Range
. The province experiences a very hot and humid climate, with temperatures sometimes exceeding 120 °F (49 °C) in summers. There is very little precipitation year-round.
Administrative divisions
[
edit
]
The population history and structural changes of Hormozgan Province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
Hormozgan Province
Counties
|
2006
[7]
|
2011
[8]
|
2016
[2]
|
Abumusa
|
1,860
|
5,263
|
7,402
|
Bandar Abbas
|
498,644
|
588,288
|
680,366
|
Bandar Lengeh
|
113,625
|
134,713
|
159,358
|
Bashagard
[b]
|
?
|
40,007
|
35,085
|
Bastak
|
65,716
|
80,119
|
80,492
|
Hajjiabad
|
62,442
|
65,889
|
69,625
|
Jask
|
75,769
|
52,882
|
58,884
|
Khamir
|
47,545
|
52,968
|
56,148
|
Minab
|
254,304
|
235,705
|
259,221
|
Parsian
|
37,369
|
42,843
|
50,596
|
Qeshm
|
103,881
|
117,774
|
148,993
|
Rudan
|
104,222
|
118,547
|
124,522
|
Sirik
[c]
|
?
|
43,185
|
45,723
|
Total
|
1,365,377
|
1,578,183
|
1,776,415
|
Cities
[
edit
]
According to the 2016 census, 976,652 people (nearly 55% of the population of Hormozgan Province) live in the following cities:
[2]
City
|
Population
|
Abu Musa
|
4,213
|
Bandar Abbas
|
526,648
|
Bandar Charak
|
4,066
|
Bandar Khamir
|
20,150
|
Bandar Lengeh
|
30,435
|
Bastak
|
9,959
|
Bika
|
7,190
|
Dargahan
|
14,525
|
Dashti
|
4,695
|
Fareghan
|
1,773
|
Fin
|
3,939
|
Garuk
|
4,008
|
Gowharan
|
1,170
|
Hajjiabad
|
28,977
|
Hasht Bandi
|
6,718
|
Hormuz
|
5,891
|
Jask
|
16,860
|
Jenah
|
6,910
|
Kish
|
39,853
|
Kong
|
19,213
|
Kuhestak
|
3,060
|
Kushk-e Nar
|
3,260
|
Lamazan
|
2,745
|
Minab
|
73,170
|
Parsian
|
18,045
|
Qaleh Qazi
|
5,286
|
Qeshm
|
40,678
|
Rudan
|
36,121
|
Ruydar
|
6,558
|
Sardasht
|
1,725
|
Sar-e Gaz-e Ahmadi
|
1,157
|
Senderk
|
1,915
|
Sirik
|
5,137
|
Suza
|
5,707
|
Takht
|
3,082
|
Tazian-e Pain
|
4,263
|
Tirur
|
4,871
|
Ziarat-e Ali
|
2,679
|
Most populous cities
[
edit
]
The following table lists the most populous cities in Hormozgan:
[2]
Rank
|
City
|
County
|
Population
|
1
|
Bandar Abbas
|
Bandar Abbas
|
526,648
|
2
|
Minab
|
Minab
|
73,170
|
3
|
Qeshm
|
Qeshm
|
40,678
|
4
|
Kish
|
Bandar Lengeh
|
39,853
|
5
|
Rudan
|
Rudan
|
36,121
|
6
|
Bandar Lengeh
|
Bandar Lengeh
|
30,435
|
7
|
Hajjiabad
|
Hajjiabad
|
28,977
|
8
|
Kong
|
Bandar Lengeh
|
19,213
|
9
|
Parsian
|
Parsian
|
18,045
|
10
|
Jask
|
Jask
|
16,860
|
Languages
[
edit
]
Hormozgan is dominated by a variety of
Iranian languages
primarily of the
Southwestern
branch which are closely related to the
Persian
language, but Northwest Iranian
Balochi
is present as well.
Arabic
, a
Semetic
language, and
Kholosi
, an
Indic
language, are also found among a minority of speakers within the province.
Hormozgan Linguistic Composition
[11]
|
language
|
|
percent
|
Persian
|
|
83.41%
|
Balochi
|
|
7.31%
|
Arabic
|
|
2.00%
|
Other, Unknown, mixed
|
|
7.27%
|
|
Hormozgan today
[
edit
]
Hormozgan today has 11 ports, five national airports, and three international airports. The province has an active agriculture sector, ranking first in Iran in
lime
production and second in
date
production. 30% of Iran's fishery produce comes from this province. Three major hydro
dams
serve the water needs of the province — Esteghlal Dam (i.e., Minab Dam, which supplies major part of consuming water of the Bandar Abbas), Jegin Dam, and Shemil Dam.
Germany has recently
[
when?
]
offered to build a bridge that would connect Qeshm island to the mainland, a formidable project.
Hormozgan has two
free trade zones
, one in
Kish
, the other on
Qeshm
island. Kish Island, situated in a
free-trade zone
, is home of the
Iranian oil bourse
(one of five exchanges of its kind in the world, and the only one explicitly not trading oil and derivatives in
U.S. dollars
).
Attractions
[
edit
]
The Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran lists 212 sites of historical and cultural significance in the province. Some of the more popular attractions are:
Colleges and universities
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
Media related to
Hormozgan Province
at Wikimedia Commons
Iran portal
Notes
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
OpenStreetMap contributors (23 May 2024).
"Hormozgan Province"
(Map).
OpenStreetMap
. Retrieved
23 May
2024
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)"
.
AMAR
(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from
the original
(Excel)
on 5 May 2022
. Retrieved
19 December
2022
.
- ^
"Sub-national HDI ? Area Database ? Global Data Lab"
.
hdi.globaldatalab.org
. Retrieved
13 September
2018
.
- ^
Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369).
"Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of elements and units of Hormozgan Province's national divisions centered in Bandar Abbas city"
.
Laws and Regulations Portal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
(in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council. Archived from
the original
on 24 February 2022
. Retrieved
9 February
2024
.
- ^
"?????? ??????-????????? ???? ?? ? ????? ????? ???? (Provinces were divided into 5 regions)"
.
Hamshahri Online
(in Persian). 22 June 2014 [1 Tir 1393, Jalaali].
Archived
from the original on 23 June 2014.
- ^
SCI.org
[
permanent dead link
]
- ^
a
b
"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)"
.
AMAR
(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from
the original
(Excel)
on 20 September 2011
. Retrieved
25 September
2022
.
- ^
a
b
"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)"
.
Syracuse University
(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from
the original
(Excel)
on 17 January 2023
. Retrieved
19 December
2022
.
- ^
Davoodi, Parviz (28 July 1387).
"Divisional changes and reforms in Hormozgan province"
.
Laws and Regulations Portal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
(in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Board of Ministers. Archived from
the original
on 6 September 2023
. Retrieved
6 September
2023
.
- ^
Davodi, Parviz (14 April 2018).
"Approval letter regarding the reforms of country divisions in Hormozgan province"
.
Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran
(in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Political-Defense Commission. Archived from
the original
on 3 April 2019
. Retrieved
23 November
2023
.
- ^
"Language distribution: Hormozgan Province"
. 2020
. Retrieved
27 August
2023
.
Further reading
[
edit
]
- Afshar Sistani, Iraj, Shenakht-e ostan-e Hormozgan, Tehran 2000
- Barbera, Gerardo, "Hormozgan: Situacao linguistica e aspectos culturais",
Ayine. International Journal of Islamic Societies and Cultures
, 1, 2013, pp. 130?147
External links
[
edit
]
Places adjacent to Hormozgan province
|
---|
|