From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 | This is the
pronunciation key
for
IPA
transcriptions of Turkmen on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Turkmen in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing
consensus
on the
talk page
first.
| |
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Turkmen
The charts below show the way in which the
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
represents the
Turkmen language
pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see
Template:IPA
and
Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation §?Entering IPA characters
.
| IPA
|
Orthography
|
English
approximation
|
| b
|
b
|
a
b
out
|
| d
|
d
|
a
d
o
|
| d?
|
j
|
j
ump
|
| ð
|
z
|
th
en
|
| ?
|
f
|
ph
ew; or somewhat like
f
ood
|
| ?
[1]
|
g
|
a
g
o
|
| ?
[1]
|
g
|
AuE
g
audy
|
| ?
[2]
|
g
|
Uzbek
g?
|
| h
|
h
[3]
|
h
ome
|
| j
|
y
|
y
et
|
| k
[1]
|
k
|
s
c
ore
|
| l
|
l
|
l
ate
|
| ?
[1]
|
l
[4]
|
pee
l
("dark L")
|
| m
|
m
|
m
uch
|
| n
|
n
|
n
ot
|
| ŋ
|
?
|
wi
ng
|
| p
|
p
|
s
p
an
|
| q
[1]
|
k
|
k
in the throat
|
| ?
|
r
|
AmE
a
t
om
|
| ?
|
?
|
sh
oe
|
| t
|
t
|
s
t
able
|
| ts
|
ts
[5]
|
bi
ts
|
| t?
|
c
|
ch
ange
|
| θ
|
s
|
th
ink
|
| β
|
w
|
like
v
ase, but with both lips
|
| x
|
h
[3]
|
lo
ch
|
| ?
|
?
|
lei
s
ure
|
|
Vowels
| IPA
|
Orthography
|
English
approximation
|
| ?
|
a
|
f
a
ther
|
| æː
|
a
|
somewhat like h
ai
r
|
| ?
|
e
|
b
e
d
|
| ?
|
i
|
s
i
ck
|
| o
|
o
|
Le
o
|
| œ
|
o
|
somewhat like b
ir
d
|
| ?
|
u
|
w
oo
d
|
| ?
|
y
|
somewhat like ros
e
s, Chinese sh
i
, or Japanese
u
nchi
|
| ?
|
u
|
somewhat like c
u
te
|
| ?ː
|
uy
|
somewhat like c
ue
d
|
|
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
[
k
]
~
[
q
]
and
[
?
]
~
[
?
]
,
[
l
]
~
[
?
]
only contrast in loan words before back vowels; in native words,
[k,
?,
l]
occur before the front vowels (
/
?
/
,
/
i
/
,
/
œ
/
,
/
?
/
), while
[q,
?,
?]
occur before the back vowels (
/
?
/
,
/
o
/
,
/
?
/
,
/
?
/
).
- ^
[
?
]
becomes
[
?
]
word-finally, intervocalically, and after obstruents and taps.
- ^
a
b
[
h
]
occurs before front vowels (
/
?
/
,
/
?
/
,
/
œ
/
,
/
æ
/
, and
/
?
/
) while
[
x
]
occurs before back vowels (
/
?
/
,
/
o
/
,
/
?
/
,
/
?
/
).
- ^
In
Schoning, Claus (1998). "Turkmen". In Johanson, Lars; Csato, Eva A. (eds.).
The Turkic Languages
. London: Routledge. p.?262.
ISBN
0-415-08200-5
.
- ^
Only found in Russian loanwords. In
Schoning, Claus (1998). "Turkmen". In Johanson, Lars; Csato, Eva A. (eds.).
The Turkic Languages
. London: Routledge. p.?261.
ISBN
0-415-08200-5
.
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