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Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1283 to 1289
Gregory of Cyprus
(
Greek
:
Γρηγ?ριο? ? Κ?πριο?
,
romanized
:
Gr?gorios ho Kyprios
; 1241?1290) was
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
(as
Gregory II
) between 1283 and 1289.
Life
[
edit
]
Gregory was born in
Lapithos
,
Cyprus
. His name was originally George. His parents were middle class but of noble origin. He moved to
Nicosia
as a teenager seeking further education. Not satisfied by the level of education provided by local teachers in
Greek
, he became a student at a
Latin
school (available then as Cyprus was a
Crusader
kingdom
). He had difficulty learning Latin and thus got only a superficial knowledge of grammar and
Aristotle
's
Logic
.
Still determined to get a decent education, he got on a ship to
Acre
,
Palestine
, where he arrived after three days. From there he travelled to
Anaea
in
Asia Minor
and finally made it to
Mount Galesios
near
Ephesos
. He had heard a lot about the scholar
Nicephorus Blemmydes
but was disappointed by him and moved to
Nicaea
where he studied with
George Acropolites
. With the recapture of
Constantinople
by Nicaean forces in 1261, he moved there. Later he became a teacher, his students including
Nikephoros Choumnos
.
He became patriarch in 1283. The orthodox and the catholic churches had proclaimed their union in 1274 in the
Second Council of Lyons
, motivated more by the emperor's politics than by theological arguments. Gregory, contrary to his predecessor refused to accept the
filioque clause
added to the
Nicene creed
by the Roman Catholics. Gregory spoke of an eternal manifestation of the Spirit by the Son. Gregory's formula has been considered an Orthodox "answer" to the filioque, though it does not have the status of official Orthodox doctrine. Gregory's perception of Trinity was endorsed by the
council of Blachernae
in 1285.
Works
[
edit
]
Gregory wrote collections of proverbs, his own autobiography, and a series of rhetorical exercises, as well as hagiographical and doctrinal works. He also left a collection of letters.
- Paroemiae
(Proverbs):
Schneidewin, F. G.; von Leutsch, E. L., eds. (1839).
Corpus paroemiographorum Graecorum
. Vol. I. Gottingen. pp. 349?378.
von Leutsch, E. L., ed. (1851).
Corpus paroemiographorum Graecorum
. Vol. II. Gottingen. pp. 53?92, 93?130 & 131?134.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
- Epistola ad Joannem II sebastocratorem Thessaliae
(Epistle to John II,
sebastokrator
of
Thessaly
):
Rapp, C. (1988). "Ein bisher unbekannter Brief des Patriarchen Gregor von Zypern an Johannes II., Sebastokrator von Thessalien".
Byzantinische Zeitschrift
.
81
(1): 12?20.
doi
:
10.1515/bz-1988-0204
.
S2CID
191479342
.
- Tomus fidei
(Explanatory tome of the Orthodox faith):
Migne, J. P., ed. (1863).
Patrologiae cursus completus. Series Graeca
. Vol. CXLIV. Paris. pp. 233?246.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
- Progymnasmata
(Rhetorical exercises):
Kotzabassi, S. (1993). "Die Progymnasmata des Gregor von Zypern".
?λληνικ?
.
43
: 51?63.
- De vita sua
(On his own life; autobiography):
Lameere, W. (1937).
La tradition manuscrite de la correspondance de Gregoire de Chypre Patriarche de Constantinople (1283-1289)
. Rome?Paris. pp. 177?191.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
- Contra Synesium, sive comae encomium
(Against
Synesius
; or, hair praise):
Perez Martin, I. (1996). "El Elogio de la cabellera de Gregorio de Chipre".
El Patriarca Gregorio de Chipre (ca. 1240-1290) y la transmision de los textos clasicos en Bizancio
. Madrid. pp. 361?396.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
- Vita sancti Lazari
(Life of St. Lazarus):
Delehaye, H. (1910).
Acta Sanctorum Novembris
. Vol. III. Bruxelles. pp. 588?606.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
- Oratio antirrhetica contra Joannem Beccum
(Discourse against
John Bekkos
):
Kislas, Th.; Savvatos, Ch. (2012). "Discours antirrhetique contre les opinions blasphematoires de Bekkos". In Larchet, J.-C. (ed.).
La vie et l'oeuvre de Georges/Gregoire II de Chypre (1241-1290) patriarche de Constantinople
. Paris. pp. 166?256.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
- Epistulae ad Theodoram Rhaulenam
(Letters to Theodora Rhaulena):
Kotzabassi, S. (2011).
"Scholarly friendship in the thirteenth century: Patriarch Gregorios II Kyprios and Theodora Raoulaina"
.
Παρεκβολα?
.
1
: 145?167.
- Encomium maris, sive de universa aquae natura
(Sea praise; or, on the Nature of Water):
Migne, J. P., ed. (1863).
Patrologiae cursus completus. Series Graeca
. Vol. CXLIV. Paris. pp. 433?443.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
Sources
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
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