Italian painter (1777?1815)
Giuseppe Bossi
(11 August 1777 – 9 November 1815) was an Italian
painter
, arts administrator and writer on art. He ranks among the foremost figures of
Neoclassical culture
in Lombardy, along with
Ugo Foscolo
,
Giuseppe Parini
,
Andrea Appiani
or
Manzoni
.
Biography
[
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]
He was born in the town of
Busto Arsizio
, near
Milan
. He was educated at the college of
Monza
; and his early fondness for drawing was fostered by the director of the college. He then studied at the
Brera Academy of Fine Arts
at Milan,
and spent the years 1795 to 1801 in Rome, where he drew Roman remains and honed his skills in drawing anatomy at the morgue of a hospital and formed an intimate friendship with
Canova
, who made a portrait bust of Bossi
[1]
. He met
Jacques-Louis David
in Lyon in 1802, though his own style employed a less rigorously classicizing technique.
On his return to Milan he fell in with the circle of progressive young artists that formed the
Cameretta Portiana
.
[2]
He became assistant secretary, and then secretary (1802?1807) of the Brera Academy, whose collection of paintings, the
Pinacoteca
he essentially founded. In 1804, in conjunction with
Barnabo Oriani
, he drew up revised organizational rules for the three academies of art of
Bologna
,
Venice
and Milan, which lent weight to the need for public collections of great examples of the arts, which were being supplied from the dissolved monasteries and secularized churches of Lombardy, under Napoleonic administration. He was rewarded with the
Order of the Iron Crown
. On the occasion of the visit of
Napoleon
to Milan in 1805, Bossi exhibited at the Pinacoteca a drawing of the
Last Judgment
of
Michelangelo
, and paintings representing Aurora and Night, Oedipus and Creon, and the Italian Parnassus.
By command of prince
Eugene de Beauharnais
, viceroy of Italy, Bossi undertook to make a copy of
The Last Supper
of
Leonardo da Vinci
, then almost obliterated, for the purpose of getting it rendered in mosaic. The drawing was made from the remains of the original with the aid of copies and the best prints. The mosaic, 9.18 m in length, was executed by the Roman mosaicist
Giacomo Raffaelli
, and was placed in the Minoritenkirche, Vienna.
[3]
Bossi made another copy in oil, which was placed in the Pinacoteca Brera. The Brera Academy owed to him its fine collection of casts of great works of sculpture acquired at Paris, Rome and Florence.
For himself, Bossi collected books, drawings, prints, paintings, coins, sculptures, and antiquities.
Bossi devoted a large part of his life to the study of the works of Leonardo, whose drawing manner he imitated accurately enough for his productions to have passed as Leonardos.
[4]
and his last work was a series of drawings in monochrome representing incidents in the life of that great master. He left unfinished a large cartoon in black chalk of the Dead Christ in the bosom of Mary, with John and the Magdalene. In 1810 he published a special work in large quarto, entitled
Del Cenacolo di Leonardo da Vinci
, which had the merit of greatly interesting
Goethe
,
who shared Bossi's urgent dream of saving Leonardo's fresco.
Bossi's other publications were
Delle Opinioni di Leonardo intorno alla simmetria de corpi umani
(1811), and
Del Tipo dell'arte della pittura
(1816).
His diary, 1807?1815, is a useful guide to the official artistic life of Napoleonic Milan.
Bossi died at his home in via S. Maria Valle,
Milan
. A monument by Canova was erected to his memory in the
Biblioteca Ambrosiana
, and a bust was placed in the Brera.
Notes
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]
- ^
Bossi's group portrait of himself and four of the Cameretta Portiana was sold, Christie's Rome: Tuesday, 26 May 1998, lot328 (
Illustrated
).
- ^
Illustration.
- ^
Hans Ost,
Das Leonardo-Portrat in der Kgl. Bibliothek Turin und andere Falschungen des Giuseppe Bossi
(Gebr. Mann Studio-Reihe) 1980.
References
[
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]
Further reading
[
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]
- (Chiara Nenci, editor), 2004.
Le memorie di Giuseppe Bossi: Diario di un artista nella Milano napoleonica 1807-1815
(Milan: Jaca Book)
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