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Korean general (1560?1627)
Gang Hong-rip
(
Korean
:
강홍립
; 1560 – 6 September 1627
[1]
) was a
Korean
general during the
Joseon
period.
Under repeated requests from
Ming China
,
Gwanghaegun
commanded Gang Hongrip to help Ming forces with ten thousand soldiers against the
Manchus
in 1619. However, Ming armies were crushed in the
Battle of Sarh?
. The Korean army under command of
Liu Ting
lost two-thirds of his troops at
Fuca
and surrendered to
Nurhaci
. Official Korean records say that Gwanghaegun had ordered a betrayal to Nurhaci, but it is suspected to be a defamation by the Westerners faction, who deposed the king. In 1620 almost all Korean captives were released but Gang Hongrip, who had good command of the
Manchu language
, was still kept.
Frustrated with unsatisfactory reward for the coup which deposed Gwanghaegun,
Yi Gwal
rebelled against
King Injo
in 1624. He temporarily occupied
Hanseong
(modern-day
Seoul
), but was eventually crushed. Yi Gwal was then executed by his own soldiers.
Han Myeong-nyeon
, an accomplice of Yi Gwal, was also killed, but his son
Han Yun
fled to the Later Jin (Manchus).
Gang Hongrip fell for Han Yun's trick and wrongly believed that his family was all killed by the Joseon government. To get his revenge on Korea, he urged the Manchus to defeat the Joseon dynasty. In 1627 he guided the Later Jin army led by Amin to Hanseong and as a Manchu delegate he negotiated for a truce with Korea. Then he discovered that he was deceived about his family being killed and suffered a heartbreak. He was branded as a traitor and deprived of his official rank. He was rehabilitated after his death.
Family
[
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]
Parents
- Father
- Gang Shin (
判中樞府事 강신
;
姜紳
; 1543?1615)
- Grandfather - Gang Sa-sang (
右議政 강사상
;
姜士尙
; 1519?1581)
- Great-Grandfather - Gang On (
強穩
;
姜溫
; 1496?1533)
- Great-Great-Grandfather - Gang Yeong-suk (
강영숙
;
姜永叔
)
- Great-Great-Great-Grandfather - Gang Hyeong (
大司諫 增 參判 姜兄
;
姜?
)
[2]
- Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather - Gang Ja-pyeong (
感謝 강자평
;
姜子平
; 1430?1486)
- Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother - Lady Yi of the
Jeonju Yi clan
(
全州 李氏
)
[3]
- Great-Great-Grandmother - Lady Yi of the Ikju Yi clan (
익주 李氏
;
益州 李氏
); daughter of Yi Jeong-yang (
僉知 이정양
;
李貞陽
)
- Great-Grandmother - Lady Park of the Miryang Park clan (
密陽 朴氏
); daughter of Park Sik (
博識
;
朴?
)
- Grandmother - Lady Im; daughter of Im Gan (
林間
;
任幹
), Gang Shin’s first wife
- Uncle - Gang Seo (
江西
;
姜緖
; 1538?1589)
- Half-aunt - Lady Gang of the Jinju Gang clan (
晉州 姜氏
;
晉州 姜氏
)
- Half-aunt - Lady Gang of the Jinju Gang clan (
晉州 姜氏
;
晉州 姜氏
)
- Uncle - Yi Ui-ga (
異議가
;
李義可
)
- Half-uncle - Gang In (
강인
;
姜絪
; 1555?1634)
- Half-uncle - Gang Dam (
講談
;
姜?
; 1559?1637)
- Half-aunt - Lady Gang of the Jinju Gang clan (
晉州 姜氏
;
晉州 姜氏
)
- Uncle - Kim Chung-gak (
김충각
;
金忠慤
)
- Mother
- Lady Jeong of the Dongrae Jeong clan (
東來 鄭氏
)
- Grandfather - Jeong Yu-ui (
精油의
;
鄭惟義
)
[5]
Wives and issues:
- Lady Hwang of the Wooju Hwang clan (
宇宙 黃氏
); daughter of Hwang Yi-hyeong (
黃異形
;
黃履亨
)
- Son - Gang Suk (
강숙
;
姜璹
)
- Son - Gang Won (
江原
;
姜瑗
)
- Son - Gang Chan (
강찬
;
姜瓚
)
- Daughter - Lady Gang of the Jinju Kang clan (
晉州 姜氏
)
- Son-in-law - Yun Gam (
윤감
;
尹堪
)
- Daughter - Lady Kang of the Jinju Kang clan (
晉州 姜氏
)
- Son-in-law - Sim Ja (
眞사 심자
;
沈?
)
- Daughter - Lady Gang of the Jinju Gang clan (
晉州 姜氏
)
- Son-in-law - Yi Hyeon-dal (
統制使 이현달
;
李顯達
)
In popular culture
[
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]
See also
[
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]
References
[
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]
- ^
In lunar calendar, Gang died on 27 July 1627
- ^
His eldest sister, Princess Consort Pungcheon of the Jinju Gang clan (
풍천군否認 晉州 姜氏
), became the daughter-in-law of
Grand Prince Imyeong
(4th son of Queen Soheon and King Sejong), and his youngest second sister became the sister-in-law to
Queen Jeinwondeok
and the aunt-in-law to
Queen Dangyeong
. This sister eventually became the great-grandmother of
Gu Sa-maeng
and the great-great-grandmother of
Queen Inheon
through her daughter, Lady Shin of the Geochang Shin clan.
- ^
Eldest daughter of Yi Chae, Prince Uiseong (義城郡 理債; 1411?1493) and Princess Consort Hoein of the Seongju Yi clan (
回印郡夫人 星州 李氏
). She was also the granddaughter of
Grand Prince Hyoryeong
, second son of
Queen Wongyeong
and
King Taejong
.
- ^
His younger brother eventually became the 7th great-grandfather of
Empress Myeongseong
.
- ^
His cousin, Jeong Yu-gil (
정유길
;
鄭惟吉
), became the maternal grandfather of
Queen Hyejang
, wife of
King Gwanghae