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Fasiq

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Fasiq ( Arabic : ???? f?siq ) is an Arabic term referring to someone who violates Islamic law . As a fasiq is considered unreliable, his testimony is not accepted in Islamic courts. [1] The terms fasiq and fisq are sometime rendered as "impious", [1] "venial sinner", [1] or "depraved". [2]

Constant committing of minor sins or the major sins that do not require greater punishment, which are described as wickedness in fiqh terminology, are punished by the judge's discretion, without a certain limit and measure.

In tazir punishments, there is no obligation to prove the crime by witnessing or similar mechanisms. [3]

Origin [ edit ]

Fasiq is derived from the term fisq ( Arabic : ??? ), "breaking the agreement" [4] or "to leave or go out of." [2]

In its original Quranic usage, the term did not have the specific meaning of a violator of laws, and was more broadly associated with kufr (disbelief). [5] Some theologians have associated fasiq-related behaviour to ahl al-hawa (people of caprice). [6]

Theological debate [ edit ]

  • The jurist Wasil ibn Ata (700?748 CE) submitted that a fasiq remained a member of Muslim society, so retained rights to life and property though he could not hold a religious position. This opinion set him at odds with Murji'ah jurists who considered a fasiq to be a munafiq (hypocrite), and the Kharijites who considered the fasiq a kafir .
  • To the Kharijites "faith without works" was worthless, so one who professed Islam yet sinned was fasiq , and thus a kafir . [7]

Applications [ edit ]

In the period leading up to the 1979 Iranian Revolution , Ayatollah Khomeini described the Shah of Iran as fasiq . [5]

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ a b c Majid Khadduri (28 November 2001). The Islamic Conception of Justice . JHU Press. pp. 149?. ISBN   978-0-8018-6974-7 . Retrieved 17 November 2012 .
  2. ^ a b Am?n Ahsan I?l?h? (2007). Tafsir of Surah al-F?tihan and Surah al-Baqarah . The Other Press. p. 149. ISBN   978-983-9154-88-7 . Retrieved 17 November 2012 .
  3. ^ Ertu?rul Gazi Tuncay (2017). "?slam Hukukunda Sınırı Belirlenmemi? Cezalar" (PDF) . ?slam Bilimleri Ara?tırmaları Dergisi (in Turkish) (3): 82?99.
  4. ^ Dr. Hasanuddin Ahmed (1 March 1987). An Easy Way to Understanding Qur'an 2 vols . IQRA International Educational Foundation. pp. 1?. ISBN   978-0-911119-34-3 . Retrieved 17 November 2012 .
  5. ^ a b Saskia Gieling (3 December 1999). Religion and War in Revolutionary Iran . I.B.Tauris. pp. 87?. ISBN   978-1-86064-407-8 . Retrieved 17 November 2012 .
  6. ^ Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. "The Approved and Disapproved Varieties of" Ra'y"(Personal Opinion in Islam)." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 7.1 (1990): 39.
  7. ^ David Waines (6 November 2003). An Introduction to Islam . Cambridge University Press. pp. 105?. ISBN   978-0-521-53906-7 . Retrieved 17 November 2012 .

External links [ edit ]

  • ? ? ? at The Quranic Arabic Corpus
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