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Hungarian biologist
Ervin Bauer
(19 October 1890,
L?cse
,
Hungary
,
Austria-Hungary
? 11 January 1938
Leningrad
,
Soviet Union
) was a
Hungarian
biologist.
Short Biography
[
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]
In 1935, Ervin Bauer published a monograph
Theoretical biology
,
[1]
in which he described the general thermodynamic features of living systems. His writings became particularly influential for the development of
theoretical biology
in Russia and several other countries.
[2]
In 1925 he moved from Hungary to Russia and from 1933 lived in Leningrad.
His first wife was a writer
Margit Kaffka
(who died in 1918), and his second wife was a mathematician
Stefania Szilard
.
Bauer and his wife Stefania were arrested by
NKVD
on 4 August 1937, and both were shot on 11 January 1938.
[3]
He was the younger brother of
Bela Balazs
.
Research
[
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]
Ervin Bauer formulated the principle of
stable non-equilibrium state
which he considered as the basic characteristics of living matter. According to Bauer, living systems function in the expense of
non-equilibrium
, and the external energy is used not directly to perform work but to support the stable non-equilibrium state. Bauer's principle is incorporated into
non-linear thermodynamics
of
irreversible processes
.
[4]
Living systems in this framework cannot support their organization only due to the influx of external energy, i.e. the ordering internal factor is involved. The activity of living system is fully determined by the internal pattern of its non-equilibrium state and any work performed by the
biological system
appears as the work of its structural forces. The process of
evolution
, according to Bauer, corresponds to the increase in external work, which aims to exploit additional resources to maintain living state of evolving
biosystems
.
[1]
References
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