Ernst Hammer

Dipl.-Ing. Ernst Hammer
Dipl.-Ing. Ernst Hammer
Born	20 October 1884 ; Falkenau an der Eger , Egerland
Died	2 December 1957 (aged 73) ; Vienna, Austria
Allegiance	Austria-Hungary (to 1918) ; Austrian Republic (to 1938) ; Nazi Germany
Service/ branch	Army
Years of service	1903?45
Rank	Generalleutnant
Commands held	75. Infanterie-Division ; Division Nr. 190 ; 190. Infanterie-Division
Battles/wars	World War II Battle of France ; Operation Barbarossa ; Battle of Kiev (1941) ; Battle of Voronezh (1942) ; Operation Market Garden ; Battle of the Reichswald ; Operation Varsity ;
Awards	Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross

Ernst Hammer (20 October 1884 ? 2 December 1957) was a German-Austrian officer of four armies since 1 October 1903, entering as a one-year volunteer . ^[1] He was Oberleutnant of the Common Army , Hauptmann of the k.u.k. Armee, Generalmajor of the Bundesheer (transferred to the German Army 15 March 1938), Generalleutnant of the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross . As commander of the 75th Infantry Division, he ordered his soldiers to shoot female Soviet POWs on the spot. ^[2]

Awards and decorations [ edit ]

Military Merit Cross, 3rd Class with War Decoration and Swords (Austria-Hungary, World War I)
Military Merit Medal , in Silver and in Bronze (Austria-Hungary, World War I)
Karl Troop Cross (World War I)
Gallipoli Star (World War I)
Austrian War Commemorative Medal
Hungarian War Commemorative Medal
Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
Iron Cross (1914)
- 2nd Class
- 1st Class
Clasps to the Iron Cross
- 2nd Class
- 1st Class
Eastern Front Medal
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 20 December 1941 as Generalleutnant and commander of 75. Infanterie-Division ^[3]

^ Generalleutnant Ing. Ernst Hammer
^ Romer, Felix (2011). "Gewaltsame Geschlechterordnung. Wehrmacht und >Flintenweiber< an der Ostfront 1941/42". In Latzel, Klaus; Maubach, Franka; Satjukow, Silke (eds.). Soldatinnen. Gewalt und Geschlecht im Krieg vom Mittelalter bis heute (in German). Paderborn: Ferdinand Schoningh. p. 336.
^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 176.

Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Trager des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939?1945 ? Die Inhaber der hochsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [ The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939?1945 ? The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches ] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6 .

Military offices
Preceded by None	Commander of 75. Infanterie-Division 1 September 1939 - 5 September 1942	Succeeded by Generalleutnant Erich Diestel
Preceded by Generalmajor Albert Newiger	Commander of Division Nr. 190 10 November 1942 - 4 November 1944	Succeeded by Renamed 190. Infanterie-Division
Preceded by Previously Division Nr. 190	Commander of 190. Infanterie-Division 4 November 1944 - 13 April 1945	Succeeded by None