Summary of a literary work
An
epitome
(
;
Greek
:
?πιτομ?
, from ?πιτ?μνειν
epitemnein
meaning "to cut short") is a summary or miniature form, or an instance that represents a larger reality, also used as a
synonym
for embodiment.
[1]
Epitomacy represents "to the degree of." An
abridgment
differs from an epitome in that an abridgment is made of selected quotations of a larger work; no new writing is composed, as opposed to the epitome, which is an original summation of a work, at least in part.
Many documents from the
Ancient Greek
and
Roman
worlds survive now only "in epitome," referring to the practice of some later authors (epitomators) who wrote distilled versions of larger works now lost. Some writers attempted to convey the stance and spirit of the original, while others added further details or anecdotes regarding the general subject. As with all secondary historical sources, a different
bias
not present in the original may creep in.
Documents surviving in epitome differ from those surviving only as fragments quoted in later works and those used as unacknowledged sources by later scholars, as they can stand as discrete documents but refracted through the views of another author.
Epitomes of a kind are still produced today when dealing with a corpus of literature, especially classical works often considered dense, unwieldy and unlikely to be read by the average person, to make them more accessible: some are more along the lines of abridgments, such as many which have been written of
Edward Gibbon
's
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
, a work of six large volumes (about 3600 pages) often published as one volume of about 1400 pages.
Some are of the same type as the ancient epitome, such as various epitomes of the
Summa Theologiae
of
Thomas Aquinas
, originally written as an introductory textbook in theology and now accessible to very few except for the learned in
theology
and
Aristotelian
philosophy
, such as
A Summa of the Summa
and
A Shorter Summa
. Many epitomes today are published under the general title "The Companion to ...", such as
The Oxford Companion to Aristotle
, or "An Overview of ...", or "guides," such as
An Overview of the Thought of
Immanuel Kant
,
How to Read
Hans Urs von Balthasar
, or, in some cases, as an introduction, in the cases of
An Introduction to
Søren Kierkegaard
or
A
Very Short Introduction
to the
New Testament
(many philosophical "introductions" and "guides" share the epitomic form, unlike general "introductions" to a field).
Examples of epitomes for lost works
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See also
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References
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- ^
"Epitome"
.
Oxford Learner's Dictionary
. 2019 Oxford University Press
. Retrieved
1 November
2019
.