Consumer Electronics Association marketing shorthand term
Enhanced-definition television
, or
extended-definition television
(
EDTV
) is a
Consumer Electronics Association
(CEA) marketing shorthand term for certain
digital television
(DTV) formats and devices. Specifically, this term defines an extension of the
standard-definition television
(SDTV) format that enables a clearer picture during high-motion scenes compared to previous iterations of SDTV, but not producing images as detailed as
high-definition television
(HDTV).
The term refers to devices capable of displaying 480-line or 576-line signals in
progressive scan
, commonly referred to as
480p
(
NTSC-HQ
) and
576p
(
PAL
/
SECAM
) respectively, as opposed to
interlaced
scanning, commonly referred to as
480i
(NTSC) or
576i
(PAL, SECAM).
High-motion
is optional for EDTV.
[1]
In
Australia
, the 576p resolution standard was used by the
Special Broadcasting Service
(SBS TV) and
Seven Network
, being technically considered high-definition.
[2]
[3]
In Japan, the term is associated with improvements to analog NTSC called
EDTV-I
(or "Clear-vision") and EDTV-II (or "Wide-aspect Clear-vision") including ghost cancellation, digital sound or widescreen broadcasts, using a methods vaguely similar to PALPlus.
[4]
[5]
[6]
In Europe, it can be applied to analog
PALPlus
or
MAC
broadcasts.
[7]
In other countries definitions may vary.
Connectivity
[
edit
]
As EDTV signals require more
bandwidth
(due to frame doubling) than is feasible with SDTV connection standards (such as
composite video
,
SCART
or
S-Video
), higher bandwidth media must be used to accommodate the additional data transfer. To achieve EDTV, consumer electronic devices such as a
progressive scan DVD player
or modern
video game
consoles must be connected through at least a
component video
cable (typically using 3 RCA cables for video), a
VGA connector
, or a
DVI
or
HDMI
connector. For over-the-air television broadcasts, EDTV content uses the same connectors as HDTV.
Broadcast and displays
[
edit
]
EDTV broadcasts use less digital bandwidth than HDTV, so TV stations can broadcast several EDTV stations at once. Like SDTV, EDTV signals are broadcast with non-
square pixels
. Since the same number of horizontal pixels are used in 4:3 and 16:9 broadcasts, the 16:9 mode is sometimes referred to as
anamorphic widescreen
. Most EDTV displays use square pixels, yielding a resolution of 852 × 480. However, since no broadcasts use this pixel count, such displays always scale anything they show. The only sources of 852 × 480 video are Internet downloads, such as some video games. Unlike 1080i and SDTV formats, progressive displays (such as
plasma displays
and LCDs) can show EDTV signals without the need to de-interlace them first. This can result in a reduction of motion artifacts. However to achieve this most progressive displays require the broadcast to be frame doubled (i.e., 25 to 50 and 30 to 60) to avoid the same motion flicker issues that interlacing fixes.
Home media
[
edit
]
The progressive output of a
DVD player
can be considered the baseline for EDTV. Movies shot at 24 frames-per-second (fps) are often encoded onto a DVD at 24 fps progressive. For
telecine
sources, most DVD players can do the
2:2 or 3:2 pulldown
conversion dealing with deinterlacing internally, before feeding the output to a progressive 576p or 480p display.
[8]
[9]
Blu-ray Discs
can encode all EDTV forms, but because HDTV is a primary selling point of Blu-ray, this is only used for certain bonus content such as featurettes, deleted scenes, interviews and behind the scenes documentaries on the making of the film.
Gaming
[
edit
]
The video resolution of video game consoles reached EDTV specifications starting with the
Sega
Dreamcast
, becoming the first mainstream console with a VGA output, supporting EDTV. The
PlayStation 2
,
GameCube
,
original Xbox
and
Wii
are also EDTV compatible with a component connection. The
Xbox 360
can output 480p via
YP
B
P
R
component
,
VGA
and
HDMI
(newer models only) cables. The
PlayStation 3
outputs EDTV via its HDMI and component video (YP
B
P
R
) connections; 480p is only available on NTSC consoles while 576p is only available on PAL consoles.
Despite 576p being a valid output from the PS2's component out, it is never used by any games released in PAL territories; instead the few games retaining progressive scan mode in their PAL localizations output in 480p. There are homebrew solutions available to force the output to progressive scan mode (which also in turn allows 60 Hz modes for 720p and 1080p: neither of which were otherwise used in any capacity officially).
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"CNET Glossary: EDTV"
.
CNET Reviews
. 2009-06-11. Archived from
the original
on 2009-06-11
. Retrieved
2023-02-27
.
- ^
Simpson, Campbell (September 29, 2010).
"Buying guide: TVs - We show you the differences between LCD, plasma and LED televisions"
.
Good Gear Guide
. Archived from
the original
on 2011-03-31
. Retrieved
2023-02-27
.
- ^
Digital Television - Who's Buying it?
(PDF)
. Parliament of Australia. p. 134.
- ^
FUKINUKI, Takahiko (March 1991).
"EDTV"
.
search.ieice.org
. Retrieved
2023-02-27
.
- ^
Mansfield, Simon (February 5, 1992).
"HI-VISION TV IS GIVEN A LOW SURVIVAL RATING"
.
Australian Financial Review
.
- ^
Hart, Jeffrey (1998).
"Digital Television in Europe and Japan"
(PDF)
.
Prometheus
. Vol. 16, no. 2. p. 217.
- ^
POST Briefing Note 24 - High Definition TV
(PDF)
. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology. April 1991.
- ^
Silva, Robert (September 7, 2020).
"What Is Progressive Scan Video? How progressive scan improves standard and HD video quality"
.
Lifewire
. Retrieved
2023-02-27
.
- ^
Dawson, Stephen (2006).
"Progressive scan in PAL and NTSC"
.
Hi Fi Writer
. Retrieved
2023-02-27
.
|
---|
Designation
|
Usage examples
|
Definition (lines)
|
Rate (Hz)
|
Interlaced (fields)
|
Progressive (frames)
|
|
---|
Low,
MP@LL
| |
---|
Standard,
MP@ML
| |
---|
Enhanced,
HMP@HML
| |
---|
High,
MP@HL
|
HDTV
,
BD
,
HD DVD
,
HDV
|
720
|
|
24, 30, 60; 25, 50
|
1080, 1440
|
60; 50
|
24, 30, 60; 25, 50
|
|
---|
Ultra-high
| |
---|
|
---|
Television
|
---|
Analog
| 405 lines
| |
---|
525 lines
| |
---|
625 lines
|
- System B
,
C
,
D
,
G
,
H
,
I
,
K
,
L
,
N
- Color systems:
PAL
,
PAL-N
,
PALplus
,
SECAM
- MAC
|
---|
819 lines
| |
---|
1125 lines
| |
---|
1250 lines
| |
---|
Audio
| |
---|
Hidden signals
| |
---|
Historical
| |
---|
|
---|
Digital
| |
---|
|
|
|