2021 film by Jared Bush and Byron Howard
Encanto
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Theatrical release poster
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Directed by
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Screenplay by
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Story by
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Produced by
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Starring
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Cinematography
|
- Nathan Warner (layout)
- Alessandro Jacomini
- Daniel Rice (lighting)
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Edited by
| Jeremy Milton
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Music by
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Production
company
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Distributed by
| Walt Disney Studios
Motion Pictures
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Release dates
|
- November 3, 2021
(
2021-11-03
)
(
El Capitan Theatre
)
- November 24, 2021
(
2021-11-24
)
(United States)
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Running time
| 102 minutes
[1]
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Country
| United States
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Language
| English
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Budget
| $120?150 million
[2]
[3]
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Box office
| $256.8 million
[4]
[5]
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Encanto
is a 2021 American animated
musical
fantasy film
produced by
Walt Disney Animation Studios
and distributed by
Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
. It was directed by
Jared Bush
and
Byron Howard
, co-directed by
Charise Castro Smith
(in her feature directorial debut), and produced by
Yvett Merino
and
Clark Spencer
, with original songs by
Lin-Manuel Miranda
. The screenplay was written by Castro Smith and Bush, both of whom also conceived the film's story with Howard, Miranda, Jason Hand, and
Nancy Kruse
. The film stars the voices of
Stephanie Beatriz
,
Maria Cecilia Botero
,
John Leguizamo
,
Mauro Castillo
[
es
]
,
Jessica Darrow
,
Angie Cepeda
,
Carolina Gaitan
,
Diane Guerrero
, and
Wilmer Valderrama
, with
Rhenzy Feliz
, Ravi Cabot-Conyers,
Adassa
, and
Maluma
in additional roles.
Encanto
follows a multigenerational
Colombian
family, the Madrigals, led by a matriarch whose children and grandchildren?except for
Mirabel Madrigal
?receive magical gifts from a miracle, which they use to help the people in their rural community, called the Encanto. When Mirabel learns that the family is losing their magic, she sets out to find out why and save the family and house.
Encanto
premiered at the
El Capitan Theatre
in
Hollywood, Los Angeles
, on November 3, 2021, and was released in the United States on November 24 over a 30-day theatrical run. It was also released in
RealD 3D
,
Dolby Cinema
, 2D and
D-BOX
formats. Although it underperformed at the box office, grossing $256.8 million worldwide against a $120?150 million budget, it achieved wider commercial success after its release on
Disney+
on December 24, 2021. The film received acclaim for its characterization, music, animation, voice acting, emotional depth, and cultural fidelity; reviews named
magic realism
and
transgenerational trauma
as the film's core concepts. Publications have described
Encanto
as a cultural phenomenon. The film was nominated for three awards at the
94th Academy Awards
, winning
Best Animated Feature
, and received
numerous other accolades
, including the
Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature
& the
BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film
.
The film's
soundtrack
also became a success, reaching number one on the US
Billboard
200
and UK
Compilation Albums
charts; "
We Don't Talk About Bruno
" and "
Surface Pressure
" were its two most successful songs, with the former topping both the US
Billboard
Hot 100
and
UK Singles Chart
for multiple weeks in a row.
Plot
[
edit
]
An armed conflict forces Pedro Madrigal and "Abuela" Alma Madrigal, a young married couple, to flee their home village in
Colombia
with their infant triplets Julieta, Pepa and
Bruno
. The attackers kill Pedro, but the candle Alma is carrying becomes magical through a miracle, repelling the attackers and creating Casita, a sentient house for the Madrigal family located in Encanto, a magical realm bordered by high mountains.
Fifty years later, a new village thrives under the magical candle's protection, with its magic granting "gifts" to each Madrigal descendant at the age of 5, which they use to serve the villagers. However, Bruno, who was vilified and scapegoated for his gift of
seeing the future
, disappeared 10 years ago. Julieta's youngest daughter, 15-year-old
Mirabel
, did not receive a gift, and no one knows why.
In celebration of Pepa's youngest son, Antonio, being gifted the ability to communicate with animals, the Madrigals pose for a photo showing off their powers, but inadvertently exclude Mirabel from the photo. Mirabel suddenly sees Casita cracking and the candle's flame flickering, but Casita temporarily repairs itself when Mirabel attempts to show the damage to her family. After overhearing Alma praying, Mirabel resolves to restore Casita's magic. The next day, Mirabel's 19-year-old sister Luisa, who has the gift of
superhuman strength
, confesses to feeling overwhelmed by her near-constant obligations. Luisa then suggests that Bruno's room, located in a forbidden tower in Casita, may hold the secret to why the magic is being threatened.
Upon entering Bruno's room, Mirabel discovers a cave, and barely escapes with the pieces of a tablet of opaque emerald glass in hand. Outside, Luisa discovers that her gift is weakening, and Alma, starting to become suspicious, warns Mirabel not to investigate further. Mirabel reassembles the tablet and sees a picture of herself with Casita cracking behind her. Right after that, Agustin, Mirabel's father and Julieta's husband, catches Mirabel with the reassembled tablet behind her. He warns Mirabel to keep the discovery a secret, but they are overheard by Pepa's oldest daughter Dolores, who possesses the gift of superhuman hearing.
Later that evening, Mirabel and Luisa's 21-year-old sister
Isabela
, who can make plants and flowers grow at will, is scheduled to be engaged to the Madrigals' neighbor Mariano Guzman. Amidst Mariano's proposal, an awkward dinner, and Dolores' inability to keep the secret, everyone learns about Mirabel's discovery. Casita begins to crack again, and everyone starts to lose control of their gifts. A furious Isabela admonishes Mirabel as she leaves, and Alma angrily assures the townspeople that the house and the family are not harmed.
Amidst the chaos, Mirabel follows a group of rats carrying the pieces of the tablet and discovers a secret passage behind a portrait, where she finds Bruno. Bruno reveals he never left the house, and that the vision he had alternates between Mirabel saving Casita and destroying it, leading him to believe she is the key to the fate of Casita's magic. Not wanting Mirabel to be hurt, he broke the vision's tablet (the same one which Mirabel reassembled earlier) and isolated himself. At Mirabel's insistence, Bruno reluctantly conjures another vision that at first resembles the previous one, but then depicts Mirabel embracing Isabela, with whom Mirabel has a strained relationship, and strengthening the candle.
Mirabel reluctantly apologizes to Isabela, who angrily confesses she does not want to marry Mariano and is burdened by her image of perfection. After accidentally creating a cactus (which she finds beautiful despite it being asymmetrical), Isabela realizes that she does not need to be perfect. Mirabel then helps Isabela use her powers more freely and they embrace. However, a concerned Alma arrives at Casita, having witnessed the whole situation from the village square. When Mirabel attempts to explain her findings, Alma becomes enraged and lashes out at Mirabel, accusing her of causing the family's misfortunes out of spite for not having a gift. Finally fed up with her grandmother's treatment of her, Mirabel calls out Alma for her unreasonable expectations, saying that no one is good enough for her and that she is the reason for the miracle's fading. Before a stunned and horrified Alma can react, a fissure splits the nearby mountain and demolishes Casita as the candle extinguishes, leaving the Madrigals powerless. A heartbroken Mirabel runs away from the family, who scramble to find her.
Several hours later, Alma finds a tearful Mirabel sitting beside the river where Pedro was killed. Alma realizes she was so determined to preserve the magic, she ignored how her expectations were harming the family. She expresses remorse for her actions, reconciles with Mirabel, and reunites with Bruno. The three return to the village and assemble the other Madrigals to rebuild Casita, with the townsfolk joining in. Mirabel installs a new doorknob to the main door, restoring the family's gifts and reviving Casita. She and Bruno then join the family for another photo.
Voice cast
[
edit
]
- Stephanie Beatriz
as
Mirabel Madrigal
: the 15-year-old
[6]
[7]
protagonist
who, unlike her family, does not have a special gift. Director and co-writer
Jared Bush
described her as "imperfect and weird and quirky, but also deeply emotional and incredibly empathetic".
[8]
- Noemi Josefina Flores voices a 5-year-old Mirabel.
[7]
- Maria Cecilia Botero
as "Abuela" Alma Madrigal: Mirabel's 75-year-old grandmother and the family matriarch.
[8]
In the film, her full name is not given and she is simply called Abuela, which is grandmother in Spanish.
[7]
- Olga Merediz
provides Abuela's singing voice.
[9]
Botero reprises her role in the
Spanish
dub
of the film,
[10]
[11]
while Yaneth Waldman provides her singing voice in that version.
- John Leguizamo
as
Bruno Madrigal
: Mirabel's 50-year-old ostracized uncle who has the ability to
see the future
.
[12]
Bruno also has two other personalities, Hernando and Jorge.
- Mauro Castillo as Felix Madrigal: Mirabel's uncle and Pepa's husband. Bush stated that Felix is "just there to have a good time!".
[8]
Castillo reprises his role in the Spanish dub of the film.
[10]
[11]
- Jessica Darrow
as Luisa Madrigal: Mirabel's second oldest sister, who is 19, has
superhuman strength
and is the tallest of the family.
[13]
Co-writer and co-director
Charise Castro Smith
described Luisa as someone who "[carries] all the burdens and never [complains]".
[8]
- Angie Cepeda
as Julieta Madrigal: Mirabel's 50-year-old mother and Agustin's wife who can heal people with her cooking.
[8]
Cepeda reprises her role in the Spanish and
Italian
dubs of the film.
[10]
[11]
[14]
- Carolina Gaitan
as Pepa Madrigal: Mirabel's 50-year-old aunt and Felix's wife whose mood controls the weather. She often creates rain and storms due to her strong emotions.
[8]
Gaitan reprises her role in the Spanish dub of the film.
[10]
[11]
- Diane Guerrero
as
Isabela Madrigal
: Mirabel's oldest sister who is 21 and can make flowers and other plants bloom anywhere.
[13]
Director
Byron Howard
described her as "perfect" and "a success".
[8]
- Wilmer Valderrama
as Agustin Madrigal: Mirabel's father and Julieta's husband who Bush described as "accident-prone" as seen when he had different accidents revolving around him getting attacked by bees.
[8]
[6]
- Rhenzy Feliz
as Camilo Madrigal: Pepa and Felix's 15-year-old son,
[6]
Dolores and Antonio's brother, and Mirabel's cousin who can
shapeshift
. Castro Smith stated that Camilo is someone who "doesn't quite know who they are yet".
[8]
- Ravi Cabot-Conyers as Antonio Madrigal:
[6]
Pepa and Felix's 5-year-old son, Dolores and Camilo's brother, and Mirabel's cousin who gained the ability to talk to and understand the animals. He looks up to Mirabel and considers her a big sister.
[8]
- Adassa
as Dolores Madrigal: Pepa and Felix's 21-year-old daughter, Camilo and Antonio's sister, and Mirabel's cousin who has superhuman hearing.
[8]
[13]
- Maluma
as Mariano Guzman: Isabela's fiance.
[15]
[16]
Maluma reprises his role in the Spanish dub of the film.
[10]
Additionally, Rose Portillo voices Senora Guzman, Mariano's mother and the Madrigal family's neighbor; Alyssa Bella Candiani, Noemi Josefina Flores, Paisley Herrera, Brooklyn Skylar Rodriguez, and Ezra Rudulph voice the town kids; Juan Castano voices Osvaldo, a donkey delivery man who Bruno predicted would grow a gut which came true; Sarah-Nicole Robles voices Senora Ozma, a townsperson who once asked Luisa to reroute the river; Hector Elias voices Old Arturo, a townsperson who asks Alma about their fellow townspeople becoming anxious about the fading magic;
Alan Tudyk
provides the vocal effects of Pico, a
toucan
who Bush described as "clueless";
[17]
and animator Jorge E. Ruiz Cano voices the Tiple Maestro, an unseen
tiple
player who can be heard asking where he put his tiple when helping to set up for Antonio's ceremony and is later heard informing Luisa that the donkeys got out again.
Production
[
edit
]
Development
[
edit
]
During a November 2016 publicity tour for
Moana
, Miranda revealed that early-stage work had begun on an animated project that
John Lasseter
, then the chief creative officer of Disney Animation, had presented to him and Howard.
[18]
Howard and Bush subsequently revealed that after finishing
Zootopia
(2016), they knew they wanted their next project to be a musical
[19]
?which turned into a Latin-American musical after Miranda came on board.
[20]
[21]
Howard and Bush had already worked on
buddy films
"where two characters go out into the world and learn about each other" and wanted to try something "completely different".
[21]
The three men discussed their common experience of having large
extended families
, and decided to make a musical film about a large extended family with a dozen main characters.
[21]
[22]
During the five years it took to develop the film, Howard and Bush's "true north" was the theme of perspective, "about how you see the other people in your family and how you're seen".
[21]
They began by brainstorming ideas on a
whiteboard
.
[23]
Early on, they made "three important discoveries" about families which became the basis of the film's story: "1)
most
of us don't feel truly seen by our families, 2)
most
of us carry burdens we never let our families see, and 3)
most
of us are oblivious that nearly
all of us
, especially within our own families, feel the exact same way".
[24]
: 8
In turn, it was Miranda who suggested that the "vibrant, broad spectrum" of
Latin-American music
could "best capture" the complexity of family relationships.
[24]
: 8
Early in development, the production team spoke with many therapists and psychologists. All were asked who would be treated best by the parents in a four-person family; every answer differed. Bush concluded: "It's about how you perceive yourself in the family."
[25]
The crew also consulted family members and Disney Animation people.
[26]
Howard and Bush started to discuss
Latin-American culture
at length with Juan Rendon and Natalie Osma, who had previously worked with them on the making-of documentary
Imagining Zootopia
.
[19]
[21]
Rendon and Osma both happened to be from Colombia and repeatedly drew upon their personal experiences with
Colombian culture
in their discussions, which caused Howard, Bush, and Miranda to focus their research on that country.
[19]
Rendon and Osma became the first two of several cultural experts hired by Disney Animation as consultants on the film,
[19]
who collectively formed what Disney called the "Colombian Cultural Trust".
[21]
[27]
In 2018, Rendon and Osma accompanied Howard, Bush, and Miranda on a research trip to Colombia.
[19]
During their two weeks in the country,
[21]
they met with architects, chefs, and artisans to immerse themselves in the country's culture.
[27]
They also visited the
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
foundation.
[27]
They visited big cities like
Bogota
and
Cartagena
, but they found inspiration in small towns such as
Salento
(terrain) and
Barichara
(architecture).
[27]
Bush noticed that "every town we went to had a very specific personality", because of how the country's mountainous terrain divides and isolates them.
[21]
According to Disney fan club publication
Disney twenty-three,
this isolation became the key to placing the Madrigals' residence in a "remote 'encanto'?that is, a place that's 'charmed', or spiritually blessed, a domain where magic and reality merge".
[21]
As Colombian tourist guide Alejandra Espinosa Uribe explained, Colombians are surrounded by "sacred lands that feel magical, and we coexist with them, not questioning their existence".
[24]
: 30
In Barichara, they befriended Espinosa Uribe, who showed them around the town, and later hired her to consult on the film's historical and cultural authenticity.
[28]
Espinosa Uribe was an inspiration for several aspects of the film's protagonist Mirabel, including her curly black hair, large eyeglasses, and gestures.
[28]
The design of Mirabel's skirt was inspired by traditional skirts woven in the
Velez
area.
[28]
The final version of the film is deliberately vague as to the timeframe in which it is set, but drew inspiration from early 20th-century Colombia.
[28]
After exploring the 1950s, the directors decided to shift the look of the film to the early 1900s and to use a "folkloric Colombian aesthetic".
[24]
: 22
At the beginning of the 20th century, the country endured the
Thousand Days' War
, which resulted in the populations of entire villages
fleeing to save themselves
as depicted in the film.
[28]
Writing
[
edit
]
As the film steadily became more complex, with an entire family to develop, multiple songs, and a rich cultural setting with a deep tradition of
magical realism
, Howard and Bush realized they needed a second screenwriter to help write the screenplay.
[21]
They selected Charise Castro Smith for her strong background in magical realism and experience with handling "real-world family dynamics".
[21]
Bush described her as a "godsend", as she provided "a foundation of heart, vulnerability and authenticity". Castro Smith sought to create a distinct, imperfect, and completely human character in Mirabel, one that spoke to the lives of many Latinas while also being relatable to viewers globally.
[29]
From working on
Moana
, Miranda knew that film's protagonist,
Moana
, originally had eight brothers before they were removed to streamline the film's plot.
[22]
As Miranda had expected from that experience, Disney Animation initially resisted moving forward with a dozen main characters for
Encanto
.
[22]
Miranda deliberately wrote the film's opening number, "The Family Madrigal", to prove to Disney Animation that it was possible to efficiently introduce such a large family and its internal dynamics to the audience.
[22]
Because of the film's 90-minute runtime, the filmmakers struggled to make the center family feel genuine, fleshed out, and human, and to give them arcs.
[26]
The crew worked hard to develop
Encanto
upon instantly identifiable family
archetypes
. The team focused on pushing past the archetypes and showing that family members are more complicated than the "masks" imposed on them.
[19]
Each member of the Madrigal family is inspired by a common family archetype if it were exaggerated and made magical; for example, Isabela and Luisa are based on that of the
golden child
and rock, respectively.
[30]
Bush explained that this method prevented each gift from feeling arbitrary, instead being prescribed by emotions and personality.
[24]
: 26
Like most Disney Animation films,
Encanto
went through "many different versions" in its development, as various story ideas were explored and discarded.
[24]
: 17
The ideas discarded along the way include: a young modern-day woman is transported by a magical doorknob to another world;
[24]
: 17
Agustin was the family patriarch who discovered Encanto and personally built Casita there;
[24]
: 17
the film would have been expressly set in the 1950s and featured cosmopolitan and modern fashions,
[24]
: 22
as well as
motor vehicles
and a trip to the big city where Alma had originally come from;
[24]
: 146
Casita was an extension of only Alma's personality, rather than the entire family;
[24]
: 41
the film would have followed the story of multiple generations and Casita over a 100-year timespan;
[24]
: 49
Mirabel was desperately trying to find her magical gift, rather than merely expressing frustration with not being granted one;
[24]
: 71
the colors of Mirabel's world as seen from her perspective would have reflected her emotional state as she narrated the first two acts, and then changed over to more realistic colors when the film shifted to Alma's point of view in the third act;
[24]
: 76
Luisa's room would have been made out of stone and appeared "boring" to reflect her sense of responsibility, but would have concealed a "secret exit" to a hidden room similar to a "theme park" where she could have fun;
[24]
: 94
and Isabela at one point had a "dorky" suitor named Bubo who came from the big city.
[24]
: 153
After the film's release, Bush revealed via Twitter several more ideas which had been discussed and set aside: Alma gave birth to the triplets at the river, at the moment of Pedro's death; Isabela and Mirabel's mutual hostility culminated in a fistfight; and Mirabel celebrated her
quinceanera
.
[23]
According to Howard, as the plot evolved over several years, "the core of the whole film" was always the relationship between Mirabel and Alma.
[21]
[24]
: 116
Casting
[
edit
]
Disney cast several actors with Colombian heritage, including
Stephanie Beatriz
, whose father is Colombian;
John Leguizamo
, who was born in
Bogota
; and
Wilmer Valderrama
, who spent his childhood in Colombia, where his mother is from.
[31]
Though no obvious roles which he could voice existed, due to the Madrigals' Colombian nationality and Mirabel's lack of an animal sidekick,
Alan Tudyk
?considered Disney's "good luck charm"?makes a
cameo
as Pico, a toucan.
[32]
[33]
When he first came into the recording studio, Tudyk informed the crew that their
scratch vocals
for Pico were not actually those of toucans, but instead were parrots. He spent many hours doing imitations of various toucans. The team would speak to him in English, and Tudyk would respond using toucan noises.
[34]
Design
[
edit
]
Encanto
was the "hardest film" to date for heads of animation Renato dos Anjos and Kira Lehtomaki because they were asked to fully develop a dozen characters, as opposed to other animated films which primarily feature two or three characters out of a large cast.
[35]
Accordingly, the characters required a degree of complexity that Disney Animation had previously never achieved.
[36]
Journalist Edna Liliana Valencia Murillo was the
Afro-Caribbean
consultant and contributed greatly towards Felix, Dolores, and Antonio's designs.
[37]
According to Howard, certain characters'
Afro?Latin
hairstyles were essential.
[38]
Disney veterans Ian Gooding and Lorelay Bove were hired as production designers for the film. Lorelay and her sister, costume design lead Neysa Bove, hoped to represent the film's various communities well. Neysa requested Colombian consultants, which included an
anthropologist
and botanist.
[37]
Instead of fabrics similar to
neoprene
that are often depicted in films, the characters' costumes are generally loose. The clothes are meant to appear as though they are from Colombia. The designers emphasized embroidery, texture, and movement; each costume?except Isabela's?is asymmetric, with a handmade feeling.
[37]
In
Encanto
, personalities and family ties are represented through color. For example, Pepa and Felix's side of the family wear warm tones of orange, yellow, and red?an homage to his Caribbean ancestry.
[24]
: 29
By contrast, Julieta and Agustin's side wear cool tones of blues, purples, and greens. Alma "sits in the middle", with darker hues, such as purple, black, and brown.
[24]
: 29
Each Madrigal has a symbol on their clothing that denotes their gift, such as barbells on Luisa's skirt and Pepa's sun earrings. Due to her lack of a gift, Mirabel has symbols of the other family members' gifts embroidered across her skirt,
[39]
in addition to her face and name.
[40]
The residents of the
Encanto
dress in neutral tones; thus, the main family are distinguished by their vivid colors.
[24]
: 29
They needed to be distinctive while not standing out, which visual development artist Jin Kim said occasionally made them harder to design than the main cast.
[24]
: 148
Disney used simple silhouettes for the villagers' clothes to make them seem and feel similar to typical residents from the Colombian coffee region. They incorporated depictions of the
Sombrero vueltiao
from the
Zenu
Indigenous Community and the Sombrero Aguadeno from the Aguadas Community.
[24]
: 149
Animation
[
edit
]
The animators were challenged by the directors to make Mirabel distinctively different from all prior Disney heroines; she had to be both capable and imperfect, but not merely just clumsy.
[35]
The Casita was inspired not only by traditional Colombian homes but films in which houses come alive, especially
Beetlejuice
(1988).
[35]
The production team learned in their research that music, dance, and rhythm are core elements of everyday life in Colombia.
[41]
As a result,
Encanto
was the first Disney Animation film to have choreographers involved in the development process from start to finish, meaning they worked closely with the production team to develop songs, characters, and story.
[35]
[41]
This is in contrast to older films where the story was already in place by the time a choreographer was hired to consult on specific scenes.
[41]
For
Encanto
, Disney Animation initially hired African-American choreographer
Jamal Sims
, who insisted on immediately hiring Colombian-American dancer Kai Martinez as the film's animation reference consultant.
[35]
[41]
They worked together with a team of dancers to prepare choreography reference footage for each scene, and then gave feedback to the animators on scenes as they were animated.
[35]
[41]
They developed different dance styles for different characters; Luisa's style is
reggaeton
, while Mirabel's style is
Cali
salsa
.
[41]
For selection and animation of the plants and flowers that Isabela could make grow, the production team consulted with Colombian botanist Felipe Zapata. His advice allowed appropriate plants to be selected and then shown in accurate detail. The river of
jacarandas
and
strangler figs
and the cascade of
sundew
that Isabela produces are all based on this input. Plants in the background scenery are also realistic. These included the iconic, but now vulnerable
wax palm
and dramatic
Cecropia
trees. Economically important plants, like
coffee
, also appear.
[42]
Over 800 people, 108 of them animators, were involved in the production of
Encanto
.
[43]
Disney Animation was planning to send many of its animators to Colombia starting on March 15, 2020, in preparation for the film's transition from development to production. This second research trip had to be cancelled after the onset of the
COVID-19 pandemic
. The studio's animators ended up having to
work remotely
with the Colombian Cultural Trust; for example, Espinosa Uribe gave the animators a
virtual tour
of Colombia with the help of her cell phone.
[28]
Diane Guerrero sent the studio's designers photographs of Colombian food taken by her relatives in Colombia.
[23]
On June 22, 2020, Miranda confirmed on
Good Morning America
that he and Bush were working on an animated Disney film set in Colombia, with Bush and Byron Howard directing, and Charise Castro Smith co-directing.
[44]
On June 18, 2020, the tentative title was revealed to be
Encanto
. The project was also confirmed to be the film Miranda was involved in, and it was reported to be about a girl in a magical family. On December 10, 2020, the project was officially confirmed at a Disney Investor Day meeting, where a clip was shown, a fall 2021 release was announced, and magical realism was referenced.
[45]
According to Bush, development of the film's script
wrapped
in August 2021, and production on the film wrapped a month later.
[23]
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many crew members worked together remotely for over a year and did not meet each other in person until Disney put on a socially distanced outdoor screening of the final version of the film.
[43]
Cinematography
[
edit
]
Encanto
is the first Disney Animation film since
Tangled
(2010) to employ a tall
frame
, a decision made to "get closer to the characters". This
layout
was supplemented by
romantic
lighting.
[24]
: 168
According to Howard,
romantic
(meaning heightened in spirit) is the film's key word in terms of the approach towards cinematography and lighting. The latter was also inspired by magical realism, due to the genre's heavy influence on the writing and characters.
[38]
The directors aimed to use the film's optics to portray strong emotions. Alessandro Jacomini and Daniel Rice?directors of cinematography and lighting respectively?stated this use "would amplify, exaggerate, and distort perception, which is very in line with Mirabel's point of view as a narrator". Her feelings of being left out were also shown using emotive lighting. The directors frequently reminded the crew of the emotional subtext of every scene as well as the intricacies of the individual parts. That subtext was applied by Warner, Jacomini, and Rice in elaborate sequences, such as the song "
Surface Pressure
".
[24]
: 168
Soundtrack
[
edit
]
In June 2020, Miranda publicly revealed that he had begun to write the film's music, which would have eight original songs in both Spanish and English.
[46]
After the film's premiere, he disclosed that he had been writing songs for the film from the very beginning.
[20]
On September 8, 2021,
Germaine Franco
, co-composer of the songs for
Coco
(2017), began to score the film.
[47]
[48]
[8]
Encanto
was released on November 19, 2021. A huge commercial success alike the film, the soundtrack reached number one on the US
Billboard
200
, becoming the first Disney soundtrack since
that of
Frozen II
(2019) to top the chart.
[49]
The track "
We Don't Talk About Bruno
" broke various records and became one of Disney's most successful songs of all time. It topped the US
Billboard
Hot 100
and the
UK Singles Chart
, and marked Disney's first number-one song on the former in the 21st century and its first-ever on the latter,
[50]
[51]
making
Encanto
the first Disney film to produce a number-one song and a number-one album.
[52]
Release
[
edit
]
Marketing
[
edit
]
The first look of the film was shown on December 10, 2020, during Disney's Investor Day.
[53]
The teaser trailer was released on July 8, 2021,
[54]
which garnered acclaim from internet users due to Luisa's physical appearance, especially her muscles; she was dubbed the "Buff Lady".
[55]
[56]
The official trailer was released on September 29, 2021.
[57]
For its opening weekend at the box office, Disney spent $14 million on television advertisements to promote the film, generating 1.26 billion impressions.
Deadline Hollywood
said the marketing failed to distinguish the film from other Disney properties, causing audience members to believe that it would be similar to
Coco
.
[58]
/Film
was critical of Disney's merchandising, most of which featured Mirabel and Isabela. Many members of the Madrigal family could only be bought in more costly merchandise of the entire family. Since Isabela is considered the perfect and beautiful sister, the website stated the merchandise reinforces the idea that beauty is the most effective marketing tactic for young girls.
[55]
Theatrical
[
edit
]
Disney held the film's
world premiere
at the
El Capitan Theatre
in
Hollywood, Los Angeles
, on November 3, 2021,
[59]
and also held a Colombia premiere at the
Teatro Colon
in
Bogota
, Colombia on November 23, 2021.
[60]
The film was theatrically released in the United States on November 24. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, it had an exclusive 30-day theatrical run before being released on
Disney+
on December 24.
[61]
The film was paired with the short film
Far from the Tree
.
[62]
[63]
Encanto
was released in China on January 7, 2022.
[64]
On February 16, 2022, the film was re-released in cinemas after its success on Disney+ and Academy Award nominations.
[65]
As part of Disney's 100th anniversary,
Encanto
was re-released in
Helios
theaters across Poland on October 28, 2023.
[66]
Home media
[
edit
]
Encanto
was released on Disney+ on December 24, 2021, and was released by
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment
on
DVD
,
Blu-ray
, and
Ultra HD Blu-ray
on February 8, 2022. Bonus features include "Let's Talk About Bruno", "Our Casita", "Journey to Colombia", "Familia Lo Es Todo", "A Journey Through Music", and a sing-along version of the movie.
[67]
The short film
Far from the Tree
was also released alongside the film on streaming and on physical media.
[68]
Since its Disney+ release,
Encanto
has consistently topped
Nielsen's
weekly streaming chart, most recently with 1.224 billion total minutes of viewing.
[69]
Nielsen estimated that
Encanto
was the most-watched film of 2022 with 27.4 billion minutes viewed; approximately 269 million complete showings. It was more than double the second-place film on the end of year list
Turning Red
(11.43 billion minutes).
[70]
Reception
[
edit
]
Box office
[
edit
]
Encanto
grossed $96.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $160.4 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $256.5 million.
[4]
[5]
Encanto
was 2021's highest grossing animated film before it was surpassed by
Sing 2
.
[71]
[72]
Factoring in both the film's production budget and marketing expenses, along with the theaters' share of revenues,
Encanto
was estimated to need to gross at least $300 million worldwide to
break-even
.
[73]
Nevertheless, the film went viral over the 2021
holiday season
and achieved wider commercial success after its digital release to Disney+ on December 24, 2021.
[74]
[75]
[76]
In the United States and Canada, it was released alongside
House of Gucci
and
Resident Evil: Welcome to Raccoon City
, and originally projected to gross $35?40 million from 3,980 theaters in its five-day opening weekend.
[77]
It opened nationwide on Wednesday, November 24, 2021 (the day before American
Thanksgiving
), and made $7.5 million on its first day, including $1.5 million from Tuesday night previews. It went on to make $40.6 million in its first five days.
[78]
Of the 3.7 million moviegoers who saw it, 52% were Latino and Hispanic, 51% were families, and 62% were female. Though its five-day opening gross was lower than Pixar's
The Good Dinosaur
(2015) ($55.4 million), which failed at the box office in 2015,
Encanto
had the best opening weekend for an animated film during the COVID-19 pandemic.
[79]
In its second weekend, it made $13.1 million, less than the second weekend results of
The Good Dinosaur
($15.3 million) and
Tangled
(2010) ($21.6 million) but higher than
The Princess and the Frog
(2009) ($12.1 million).
[80]
[81]
It went on to finish in second place in its third and fourth weekends, earning $10 million and $6.5 million respectively.
[82]
[83]
In its fifth weekend, it made $1.8 million and dropped to ninth place at the box office.
[84]
[85]
In its sixth weekend, it finished in tenth place with $1.08 million.
[86]
It dropped out of the box office top ten in its seventh weekend, finishing eleventh with $613,501.
[87]
Outside of the U.S. and Canada, it made $29.3 million from 47 markets in its opening weekend. The top countries in its first five days were France ($3.5 million), Colombia ($2.6 million), the United Kingdom ($2.4 million), Korea ($2.2 million) and Italy ($2.1 million).
[88]
[89]
It earned $20.7 million in its second weekend and $13.6 million in its third.
[90]
[91]
In its fourth weekend, it became Colombia's second highest-grossing animated film of all time.
[92]
In its fifth weekend, it crossed the $100 million mark outside the U.S. and Canada.
[93]
It earned $3.5 million in its sixth weekend,
[94]
$5.8 million in its seventh,
[95]
and $3.6 million in its eighth.
[96]
As of January 9, 2022, its largest markets are France ($18.5 million), Colombia ($10.2 million), the U.K. ($8.8 million), Spain ($7.3 million), and Japan ($6.6 million).
[95]
Critical response
[
edit
]
[T]he general consensus on
Encanto
is that, if you tend to enjoy most modern Disney movies, you'll probably enjoy
Encanto
, as it has a lot in common with them. However, you might just find something truly special within that tried and true formula.
Dirk Libbey,
CinemaBlend
writer
[97]
Encanto
received critical acclaim.
[a]
News channel
CNBC
reported reviewers considered it among Walt Disney Animation's best films.
[102]
On the
review aggregator
website
Rotten Tomatoes
, 92% of 212 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.5/10. The website's consensus reads, "
Encanto
's
setting and cultural perspective are new for Disney, but the end result is the same ? enchanting, beautifully animated fun for the whole family."
[103]
Metacritic
, which uses a
weighted average
, assigned the film a score of 75 out of 100 based on 41 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.
[104]
Audiences polled by
CinemaScore
gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale,
[105]
while those at
PostTrak
gave it an 88% positive score, with 70% saying they would definitely recommend it.
[58]
The film's animation, which journalists considered beautiful,
[106]
was a source of plaudits.
[102]
RogerEbert.com
critic Monica Castillo thought the musical sequences and characters' rooms allowed animation more artistic and abstract than that of previous Disney films.
[107]
Writing for
Good Morning America
,
Peter Travers
deemed the visuals of
Encanto
miraculous,
[108]
while Shreemayee Das of
Firstpost
described the animation as having spellbinding intricacy.
[109]
Variety
's
Owen Gleiberman gave acclaim, saying "
Encanto
has been visualized with a vivacious naturalistic glow (swirling flower petals, eye-candy pastels) that, at moments, is nearly psychedelic".
[110]
David Rooney from
The Hollywood Reporter
highlighted the film's colors and the designs of the costumes, natural settings, and Casita for particular praise.
[111]
For
IndieWire
, Kristen Lopez lauded the visuals as stunning and life-like.
IGN
's
Andrea Towers called the animation beautiful.
[112]
The Daily Telegraph
film critic
Robbie Collin
was particularly amazed: "
Encanto
's
animation is dazzling in all sorts of ways, with technical effects and flights of creative fancy that would have been unimaginable even a year ago, particularly during the musical numbers."
[113]
Critics found the film's songs "spellbinding".
[102]
According to Ben Travis of
Empire
, the songs once again demonstrate Miranda's abundant skills for enchanting, wondrous melodies and lyrics.
[114]
For
Chicago Sun-Times
and the
Daily Herald
, respectively, Richard Roeper and Dann Gire described the music as "infectious and instantly memorable", and "emotionally distilled [and] verbally nimble";
[115]
[116]
The Detroit News
writer Adam Graham agreed, commenting that the songs "lift [
Encanto
] to the sky".
[117]
Similarly,
The Arizona Republic
's
Bill Goodykoontz regarded them as the film's peak.
[118]
CNN
writer Brian Lowry shared a similar view.
[119]
Nevertheless, many journalists found fault with the music, such as
National Review
's
Kyle Smith, who called it "thuddingly mediocre".
[120]
Though he found the songs "breezy and fun", Christian Holub of
Entertainment Weekly
deemed them unmemorable.
[121]
Writing for
Bleeding Cool
, Kaitlyn Booth believed the music was "[no]thing particularly special" and that a lack of songs would have benefited the film.
[122]
[
Encanto
] is about a lot more than just representation. The happiness portrayed in
Encanto
isn't just
escapism
, it's defiance. It's about challenging that notion that we Colombians have to be miserable forever. ... It's about the miracle of thriving when you seem almost cosmically predisposed to suffer ad infinitum. Because that's what Colombia is: a country of people trying their best to thrive in spite of themselves.
Jose Maria Luna,
Polygon
writer
[123]
Reviewers singled out
Encanto
's
representation and diversity for particular praise.
[124]
Writing for
The Guardian
, Simran Hans found the awareness of culturally unique
generational trauma
and displacement intriguing and surprising.
[125]
Despite being critical of a perceived disguise of cultural representation, Rafael Matomayor of
The New York Observer
stated that "when the film dives into the specificity of its portrayal of Colombia[,] ... it becomes an exciting, nuanced, complex magical realist adventure" that propels Disney into "a new era".
[126]
The Independent
's
Clarissa Loughgrey highlighted that the cultural specificity was more than simple aesthetic or linguistic references, commending the incorporation of magical realism and various skin tones.
[127]
Whelan Barzel of
Time Out
summarized the film as a "genuine love letter to the diversity of Latin America".
[128]
Reviews with regards to the film's portrayal of family dynamics deemed the aspect one of its strengths.
[124]
According to
Slant Magazine
's
Derek Smith,
Encanto
thrives in expressing not only the typical message of the value of family but also the concept that even the best families require much effort to stay intact.
[129]
Preston Barra of
Denton Record-Chronicle
named the message of family a contributing factor to the film becoming a "must-see family event";
[130]
fellow journalist Matt Goldberg, who writes for
Collider
,
commended the message of "[being] enough because family is enough".
[131]
Polygon
's
Petrana Radulovic found the familial interactions stunningly realistic and strengthened by magical metaphors.
[132]
Many critics also acclaimed
Encanto
's
emotional depth.
The A.V. Club
's
Caroline Siede lauded the depiction of intergenerational trauma.
[133]
According to
Screen International
critic Tim Greierson, when the directors concentrate on the script's underlying emotions, the film is extremely moving.
[134]
Writing for
CinemaBlend
, Dirk Libbey opined that every audience member would eventually cry once they discovered which character they identified with most.
[135]
MovieWeb
singled out Mirabel's search for acceptance and a purpose, stating "[b]uckets of tears are going to be shed".
[136]
Regarding "Disney's regular formula",
Encanto
divided reviewers; some thought that it departed from the formula well.
[97]
Forbes
's
Scott Mendelson called the film "terrifically unconventional",
[137]
while
World
critic Collin Garbarino highlighted several aspects that he recognized as deviating from the formula; such as a lack of princesses and villains, as well as the focus on community.
[138]
Vulture
's
Bilge Ebiri attributed the film's enchanting qualities to the "smaller-scale narrative". He explained that when the Madrigals' inner journey is combined with the typical "Disney spectacle", it becomes an unexpected, "downright
Sirkian
power".
[139]
Others found it too similar to other Disney films. For
Pittsburgh Magazine
, Sean Collier felt the film was "just another by-the-numbers Disney flick",
[140]
while
Peter Bradshaw
from
The Guardian
thought that the story "wants to have its metaphorical cake and eat it", deeming it contrived.
[141]
/Film
's
Josh Spiegel thought
Encanto
included a mixture of formulaic aspects from many of the previous Disney and Pixar films, and failed to make them unnoticeable.
[142]
Some critics found the story unfocused. The
Irish Independent
's
Paul Whittington considered the plot "too aimless, to satisfy anyone for long".
[143]
Alice Forman of
Mashable
concurred and felt several parts of Mirabel's journey were arbitrary; she had a particularly negative opinion of the film's middle section, which she called tedious.
[144]
The Globe and Mail
writer Aparita Bhandari asserted the internal, rather than external, source of conflict and several unanswered questions confused her, preventing her from immersing herself in the film.
[145]
From
USA Today
, Brian Truitt expressed his disappointment in the
third act
, which he said misses
Encanto
's
focal point.
[146]
David Lynch, writing for
KENS
, agreed, and stated the act was weak due to an underdeveloped relationship between Mirabel and Alma, as well as clumsy writing.
[147]
Multiple critics also cited the film's lack of villains as a detractor.
[148]
[149]
Metacritic reported that
Encanto
appeared in five critic top-ten lists, including
CNN
and
New York
Daily News
's
non-ranked lists, and
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
's
ranking (ninth).
[150]
The film has also appeared on several lists of the best animated films of 2021, including those by
Paste
(tenth),
[151]
Rotten Tomatoes (sixth),
[152]
Screen Rant
(non-ranked),
[153]
MovieWeb
(fifth),
[154]
Vulture
(non-ranked),
[155]
and
Comic Book Resources
(sixth).
[156]
Variety
,
IndieWire
,
Gold Derby
,
Entertainment Weekly
,
The Hollywood Reporter
,
Den of Geek
, and the
Los Angeles Times
named the film the most-likely to win the
Academy Award
for
Best Animated Feature
,
[b]
which was ultimately the case.
[164]
Impact and response
[
edit
]
The Denver Post
journalist John Wenzel wrote, with
Encanto
alongside other 2021 films like
West Side Story
and
Being the Ricardos
, "Latino voices are having a moment in U.S. cinema, injecting a diverse set of cultures long ignored by TV, books, movies, video games, stage shows and news media."
[165]
Pamila Avila, writing for
USA Today
,
underscored that
Encanto
is Disney's first feature with an all-
Latin American
cast, capturing "the complicated tug and pull between older and younger generations in
Hispanic
families."
[166]
Roughly 25% of viewership comes from Hispanic households, while 40% of viewers are between the ages of 2 and 11.
[167]
Billboard
writer Leila Cobo said, following the success of Colombian musicians like
Shakira
,
Maluma
and
J Balvin
in the U.S., Colombia is "finally seen and not just heard" via
Encanto
. Cobo praised the film for not homogenizing all of the
Latin American countries
in the manner U.S. media has generally been, instead accurately depicting the culture unique to Colombia: "from accents to outfits to minute details like the hand-painted tableware, the embroidered dresses, the food, the many colors of our skin, even the animals ? including the ubiquitous
toucan
and the yellow butterflies that are synonymous with
Garcia Marquez
."
[168]
Johanna Ferreira of
PopSugar
wrote that the success of both
Encanto
and its soundtrack speaks to "not just the importance and significance of this type of representation in animated films, but also how movies like this are really changing how Latino stories are being told." She stated
Encanto
celebrates the importance of family and respect for
Latin American culture
, featuring "animated stories about Latinos written by Latinos, with characters voiced by Latinos, and a storyline that actually celebrates Latino communities rather than
stereotype [Latino]
."
[169]
Mikael Wood of
Los Angeles Times
stated
Encanto
became "2022's first widespread cultural phenomenon", bolstered by its unique direction and music.
[170]
Far Out
journalist Tyler Posen called the effect "
Encanto
-mania".
[171]
Various social media trends surrounding
Encanto
had "people posting videos of their children recognizing themselves for perhaps the first time in the movie's characters."
[170]
Luisa's physical appearance has been praised for representing muscular women?a departure from Disney's conventionally "feminine" depiction of female protagonists as "small and skinny".
[172]
As of January 23, 2022, the videos tagged with the hashtag "#encanto" have collectively amassed more than 11.5 billion views on
TikTok
.
[173]
[174]
A viral meme in early 2022, "We Don't Talk About
Apple Bottom Jeans
", received over 31 million views in under three months, featuring a dubbed-over version of the song "We Don't Talk About Bruno" and inspiring other parodies of the song.
The film's characters and their dynamics have fueled a discourse among
mental health
specialists, many of whom reported that their clients, especially
first-generation children of immigrants
, "see themselves reflected" in the story of
Encanto
and use the film to communicate "about things that otherwise might go unsaid." Mirabel, Isabela, Luisa, Alma and Bruno have been the most discussed characters, with Bruno being associated with
neurodivergent
family members. Speaking to
CNN
,
psychotherapist
Kadesha Adelakun stated "there are so many layers" to
Encanto
, portraying issues "many families are going through."
[175]
[176]
Accolades
[
edit
]
At the
94th Academy Awards
,
Encanto
received nominations for
Best Original Score
and
Best Original Song
, and won
Best Animated Feature
.
[164]
The film won three awards at the
65th Annual Grammy Awards
in the visual media categories:
Best Score Soundtrack
,
Best Compilation Soundtrack
, and
Best Song
("
We Don't Talk About Bruno
").
[177]
Encanto
's
other nominations include nine
Annie Awards
(winning three),
[178]
a
British Academy Film Award
(which it won),
[179]
two
Critics' Choice Movie Awards
,
[180]
and three
Golden Globe Awards
(winning one).
[181]
It also won the
National Board of Review Award for Best Animated Film
.
[182]
Other media
[
edit
]
Encanto at the Hollywood Bowl
[
edit
]
Encanto at the Hollywood Bowl
is a 2022 live musical hosted by
Lin-Manuel Miranda
, which includes some of the film's cast members performing the songs from the film. The stage musical was performed on November 11 and 12 at the
Hollywood Bowl
, and a filmed special of the show was released on December 28, 2022 on
Disney+
.
[183]
Nightmares and Suenos
[
edit
]
The upcoming
young adult novel
Nightmares and Suenos
, written by Alex Segura, is a prequel to the film that focuses on seventeen-year-old Bruno and shows why people do not talk about him.
[184]
It will release on December 3, 2024.
[185]
Video games
[
edit
]
Mirabel was added to
Disney Dreamlight Valley
in a February 2023 update as one of the villagers of the titular valley, along with a small version of Casita called "Mini Casita" as her home.
[186]
In the
world building game
Disney Magic Kingdoms
, during a limited time event with a storyline set after the events of the film, Mirabel, Bruno, Isabela, Luisa and Antonio were added as playable characters, along with Casita and Isabela's Room as attractions.
[187]
[188]
Theme park attractions
[
edit
]
On March 21, 2024, Disney announced that a new
Encanto
stage show,
¡Celebracion Encanto!
will run from June 10 through September 6, 2024, at the CommuniCore Plaza in World Celebration neighborhoods at EPCOT.
[189]
Future
[
edit
]
Jared Bush and Charise Castro Smith said they are open to a potential Disney+ series. Bush stated he would be happy to see a show about any member of the family, and Castro Smith shared that Miranda was very interested in creating a show about Dolores.
[190]
Disney CEO
Bob Chapek
described
Encanto
as the company's latest franchise during a February 2022
earnings call
.
[191]
Reference notes
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Encanto (2021)"
.
Irish Film Classification Office
.
Archived
from the original on November 13, 2021
. Retrieved
March 16,
2022
.
- ^
Lang, Brent (November 26, 2021).
"Box Office: Disney's 'Encanto' Leads Thanksgiving Pack With $5.8 Million, 'House of Gucci' Looking Strong"
.
Variety
.
Archived
from the original on November 26, 2021
. Retrieved
November 26,
2021
.
- ^
Rubin, Rebecca (November 29, 2021).
"Why 'Encanto' and 'House of Gucci' Box Office Debuts Are Cause for Celebration... and Concern"
.
Variety
.
Archived
from the original on November 29, 2021
. Retrieved
November 29,
2021
.
- ^
a
b
"
Encanto
"
.
Box Office Mojo
.
IMDb
. Retrieved
April 12,
2022
.
- ^
a
b
"
Encanto
"
.
The Numbers
. Nash Information Services, LLC
. Retrieved
April 12,
2022
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
"Jared Bush on Twitter"
.
Twitter
.
Archived
from the original on December 28, 2021
. Retrieved
December 28,
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
Smith, Charise Castro; Bush, Jared (January 15, 2022).
"Encanto"
(Script)
.
Deadline Hollywood
.
Archived
(PDF)
from the original on January 15, 2022
. Retrieved
January 21,
2022
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
Messer, Lesley (September 10, 2021).
"
'Encanto': All the details of Disney's new film revealed"
.
Good Morning America
.
Archived
from the original on September 10, 2021
. Retrieved
September 10,
2021
.
- ^
Gibbs, Patrick (November 15, 2021).
"Film Review: Encanto"
.
Slug Mag
.
Archived
from the original on November 24, 2021
. Retrieved
November 24,
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
Holguin, Claudia Arango (November 4, 2021).
"Estas son las voces colombianas de Encanto"
.
www.elcolombiano.com
(in European Spanish).
Archived
from the original on November 16, 2021
. Retrieved
November 16,
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
"Estos seran los actores colombianos que haran las voces en 'Encanto', de Disney"
.
canalrcn
(in Spanish). September 29, 2021.
Archived
from the original on November 16, 2021
. Retrieved
November 16,
2021
.
- ^
Chappel, Caitlin (November 21, 2021).
"Encanto Star John Leguizamo Delves Into Bruno's Role as the Family Outcast"
.
Comic Book Resources
.
Archived
from the original on November 25, 2021
. Retrieved
January 9,
2022
.
- ^
a
b
c
Bush, Jared [@thejaredbush] (December 8, 2021).
"1/3 ? Okay, #Encanto friends, now for the kids: Isabela (21) first grandchild, hence golden child pressure, Dolores (21) couple months younger, in Isa's shadow hence quieter and Mariano issues, Luisa (19) next, strong middle child and feels need to please… cont'd…"
(
Tweet
) – via
Twitter
.
- ^
Barbieri, Silvia (October 23, 2021).
"Encanto: annunciati i doppiatori del nuovo film di animazione Disney ? Fuori Series"
(in Italian).
Archived
from the original on November 16, 2021
. Retrieved
November 16,
2021
.
- ^
"
'Encanto': Lin-Manuel Miranda and Cast on Representation"
. November 24, 2021.
- ^
Boccella, Maggie (October 21, 2021).
"Disney's 'Encanto' Adds Colombian Superstar Maluma to Voice Cast"
.
Collider
.
Archived
from the original on October 21, 2021
. Retrieved
October 21,
2021
.
- ^
@thejaredbush (October 26, 2021).
"So excited to announce the return of one of my favorite people, @DisneyAnimation's good luck charm himself, @AlanTudyk!! I've written him as a weasel and a chicken… but now behold… our enthusiastic… but clueless toucan, Pico! #encanto ButterflySparkles#TudykToucanTuesday"
(
Tweet
) – via
Twitter
.
- ^
Buchanan, Kyle (November 15, 2016).
"Lin-Manuel Miranda Reveals He's Making a Secret Disney Film"
.
Vulture
.
Archived
from the original on November 17, 2016
. Retrieved
November 16,
2016
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
Brown, Tracy (November 29, 2021).
"
'Encanto' is Disney's first Latino musical. How the filmmakers got Colombia right"
.
Los Angeles Times
.
Archived
from the original on December 27, 2021
. Retrieved
December 27,
2021
.
- ^
a
b
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