From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
SS officer
Emanuel Schafer
(20 April 1900 – 4 December 1974) was a high-ranking
SS
functionary (SS-
Oberfuhrer
) and a protege of
Reinhard Heydrich
in
Nazi Germany
.
Born in 1900, Schafer served in
World War I
. Post-war, he participated in far-right
Freikorps
groups such as the
Marinebrigade Ehrhardt
and from 1925 to 1928,
Der Stahlhelm
(The Steel helmet).
Schafer joined the paramilitary
Sturmabteilung
(SA) in 1933. He was an active member of the
Sicherheitsdienst
(SD), the SS security service, in 1933, and entered the
SS
in September 1936.
During
World War II
, Schafer was head of the Nazi security police in
Serbia
. Between January and May 1942, Schafer supervised the murder by gassing of around 7,300 Jews from the
Semlin
camp across the
Sava river
from
Belgrade
. A
Saurer
gas van
was used to kill the 7,300. A further 1,200 Jews died as a result of the camp's harsh conditions, or from executions. The van was used for the last time on 10 May 1942. In May 1942, Schafer sent a cable to the
Reich Security Main Office
boasting "with pride" that "Belgrade was the only great city in Europe that was free of Jews."
[1]
[2]
[3]
After the war, Schafer was briefly detained by U.S. occupation authorities. In February 1951, he was arrested by West German authorities for his Gestapo and SD membership. On 20 June 1951, Schafer was sentenced to 21 months in prison by a denazification court. He was released from prison in February 1953. Schafer was then re-arrested for his involvement in mass murder as an
Einsatzkommando
. On 20 June 1953, Schafer was sentenced to 6.5 years in prison for over 5000 counts of being an accessory to murder and two counts of being an accessory to manslaughter. He was released from prison early in 1956. Schafer died in 1974.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Browning, Christopher (2004).
The Origins of the Final Solution
. Heinemann. pp. 422?423.
- ^
Lituchy, Barry M. (2006).
Jasenovac and the Holocaust in Yugoslavia: analyses and survivor testimonies
. Jasenovac Research Institute. pp. xxxiii.
ISBN
978-0-97534-320-3
.
- ^
Lebel, G'eni (2007).
Until "the Final Solution": The Jews in Belgrade 1521?1942
. Avotaynu. p. 329.
ISBN
9781886223332
.
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