Human settlement in England
Eastgate
is a village in the
civil parish
of
Stanhope
, in
County Durham
, England. It is situated in
Weardale
, a few miles west of Stanhope. In the
2001 census
Eastgate had a population of 163.
[1]
Eastgate originally marked the eastern border of the private hunting park of the
Prince Bishops
of Durham. This was second in extent only to the royal hunting park of the
New Forest
in
Hampshire
.
To the west of Eastgate are a number of medieval sites. A suspected hunting lodge near Round Hill (Cambokeels) and a settlement site at Westerhopeburn. The latter is described as a hunting lodge or shielding and may be connected to the “Westirhirstshele” mentioned in Robert Strangeway's lease of the park in 1419 (described in the Calendar of Rolls of Bishop Booth).
[2]
It was in use during the period when Strangeways and later his son held the grazing rights in the park. It may have been abandoned around 1458 when the lease was split up.
The hunting lodge and supposed chapel at Cambokeels may also have been part of the Strangeway’s estate. Excavations suggest a five-roomed building with pottery and coin evidence suggesting occupation between 1430-1460, and later pottery indicating secondary occupation into the 16th century. It was suggested that the site was a hunting lodge of the Bishops of Durham.
[3]
[4]
[5]
A Wesleyan Methodist chapel was built in 1826 and became a schoolroom when the present chapel was built in 1891.
[6]
The Anglican parish church of All Saints was built in 1888 by J.R.W Hildyard of
Horsley Hall
. A
chapel of ease
was also listed on various 19th century ordnance survey maps (just to the west of the current church) and was certainly active in 1828.
[7]
The Cross Keys public house was built early to late 18th century.
[8]
William Emerson
, the
mathematician
, had an estate near Eastgate where he would repair to work throughout the summer on projects as disparate as stonemasonry and watchmaking.
Emerson Muschamp Bainbridge
, the founder of the world's first department store, was born in the village.
[9]
Geothermal plant
[
edit
]
In 2004 it was announced that a hot
geothermal power
plant would go ahead on the site of a former cement works. The geothermal plant was planned to heat the UK's first geothermal energy
model village
,
[10]
the official working title being
Eastgate Renewable Energy Village
.
[11]
But the plan fell through, and instead of the village a large outdoor set was built for the filming of the ITV series
Beowulf: Return to the Shieldlands
, first broadcast in 2016.
The exploratory geothermal borehole drilled in December 2004 was the first to be completed in the United Kingdom for more than 20 years.
[12]
The water temperature at a depth of 995 metres (3,264 ft) was found to be 46.2 °C, and it was estimated that the water temperature of a production borehole with a depth of about 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) would be in the range of 75?80 °C, with a volume of water similar to that already being exploited in the
existing geothermal energy scheme
in
Southampton
.
[12]
Weardale Railway
[
edit
]
The plans for the energy village included constructing a
terminus
for the
Weardale Railway
, which currently runs between
Bishop Auckland
and
Stanhope
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Wear Valley Settlement Summary Sheets"
(PDF)
. Durham County Council. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 7 October 2007
. Retrieved
14 October
2016
.
- ^
The 35th annual report The ... annual report made by the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records
. HMSO. 1874. p. 92.
- ^
Drury, J. Linda (1976).
Archaeol Aeliana
. 5 series 4: 139?149.
- ^
Hildyard, E. J. W. (1947).
Archaeologia Aeliana
. 24 (4th series): 182?196.
- ^
Hildyard, E. J. W. (1949). "Further excavations at Cambokeels in Weardale".
Archaeologia Aeliana
. 27 (4th series): 177?206.
- ^
Durham County Council, webadmin@durham gov uk (4 November 2016).
"Site Details"
.
- ^
Parson, William (1828).
History, Directory, and Gazetteer, of the Counties of Durham and ..
. p. 252.
- ^
"THE CROSS KEYS PUBLIC HOUSE, Stanhope - 1231320 | Historic England"
.
historicengland.org.uk
. Retrieved
26 July
2021
.
- ^
Anne Pimlott Baker, 'Bainbridge, Emerson Muschamp (1817?1892)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2010
accessed 29 April 2011
- ^
"
'Hot rocks' found at cement plant"
. 14 December 2004.
- ^
"Eastgate Renewable Energy Village"
. Archived from
the original
on 23 September 2009
. Retrieved
14 October
2009
.
- ^
a
b
Manning, D.A.C.; P.L. Younger; F.W. Smith; J.M. Jones; D.J. Dufton; S. Diskin (2007).
"A deep geothermal exploration well at Eastgate, Weardale, UK: a novel exploration concept for low-enthalpy resources"
(abstract)
.
Journal of the Geological Society
.
164
(2): 371?382.
Bibcode
:
2007JGSoc.164..371M
.
doi
:
10.1144/0016-76492006-015
.
S2CID
129703985
. Retrieved
6 August
2007
.
External links
[
edit
]
Media related to
Eastgate, County Durham
at Wikimedia Commons