From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Clade of macronychopteran pterosaurs
Novialoidea
(meaning "new wings") is an
extinct
clade
of
macronychopteran
pterosaurs
that lived from the latest
Early Jurassic
to the latest
Late Cretaceous
(early
Toarcian
to late
Maastrichtian
age
[3]
), their fossils having been found on all continents except
Antarctica
.
[4]
History and classification
[
edit
]
Novialoidea was named by paleontologist
Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner
in
2003
as a
node-based taxon
consisting of the last common ancestor of
Campylognathoides
,
Quetzalcoatlus
and all its descendants. This name was derived from
Latin
novus
"new", and
ala
, "wing", in reference to the wing
synapomorphies
that the members of the clade possess.
[5]
Paleontologist
David Unwin
in 2003 had named the group
Lonchognatha
in the same issue of the journal that published Novialoidea (
Geological Society of London
, Special Publications 217) and defined it as
Eudimorphodon ranzii
,
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri
, their most recent common ancestor and all its descendants (as a node-based taxon).
[6]
Under Unwin's and Kellner's
phylogenetic
analyses (where
Eudimorphodon
and
Campylognathoides
form a family that is basal to both
Rhamphorhynchus
and
Quetzalcoatlus
), and because Novialoidea was named first (in pages 105?137, while Lonchognatha was named in pages 139?190), Lonchognatha is an objective
junior synonym
of the former. However, other analyses find Lonchognatha to be valid (Andres
et al.
, 2010),
[7]
or synonymous with the
Pterosauria
(Andres, 2010).
[8]
Below is a cladogram showing the
phylogenetic analysis
conducted by Brian Andres and colleagues in 2014. Based on the analysis, Novialoidea contains the genus
Campylognathoides
as well as the group Breviquartossa.
[9]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Vidovic, Steven U.; Martill, David M. (2017).
"The taxonomy and phylogeny of
Diopecephalus kochi
(Wagner, 1837) and
Germanodactylus rhamphastinus
(Wagner, 1851)"
(PDF)
.
Geological Society, London, Special Publications
.
455
: 125?147.
doi
:
10.1144/SP455.12
.
S2CID
219204038
.
- ^
Codorniu, Laura; Paulina Carabajal, Ariana; Pol, Diego; Unwin, David; Rauhut, Oliver W.M. (2016).
"A Jurassic pterosaur from Patagonia and the origin of the pterodactyloid neurocranium"
.
PeerJ
.
4
: e2311.
doi
:
10.7717/peerj.2311
.
PMC
5012331
.
PMID
27635315
.
- ^
Barrett, P. M., Butler, R. J., Edwards, N. P., & Milner, A. R. (2008). Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas.
Zitteliana
, 61-107.
[1]
- ^
Richard J. Butler; Stephen L. Brusatte; Brian B. Andres; Roger B. J. Benson (2012). "How do geological sampling biases affect studies of morphological evolution in deep time? A case study of the Pterosauria (Reptilia: Archosauria)".
Evolution
.
66
(1): 147?162.
doi
:
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01415.x
.
PMID
22220871
.
S2CID
205783384
.
- ^
Kellner, A. W. A., (2003): Pterosaur phylogeny and comments on the evolutionary history of the group. pp. 105-137. —
in
Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.):
Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs
. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 217, London, 1-347
- ^
Unwin, D. M., (2003): On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs. pp. 139-190. —
in
Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.):
Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs
. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 217, London, 1-347
- ^
Brian Andres, James M. Clark & Xu Xing (2010) A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 30:1, 163-187, DOI: 10.1080/02724630903409220
- ^
Andres, Brian Blake (2010).
Systematics of the Pterosauria
. Yale University. p. 366.
A preview that shows the cladogram without clade names
- ^
Andres, B.; Clark, J.; Xu, X. (2014).
"The Earliest Pterodactyloid and the Origin of the Group"
.
Current Biology
.
24
(9): 1011?6.
doi
:
10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.030
.
PMID
24768054
.