From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Annual solstice on 20?22 December
event
|
equinox
|
solstice
|
equinox
|
solstice
|
month
|
March
[3]
|
June
[4]
|
September
[5]
|
December
[6]
|
year
|
day
|
time
|
day
|
time
|
day
|
time
|
day
|
time
|
2019
|
20
|
21:58
|
21
|
15:54
|
23
|
07:50
|
22
|
04:19
|
2020
|
20
|
03:50
|
20
|
21:43
|
22
|
13:31
|
21
|
10:03
|
2021
|
20
|
09:37
|
21
|
03:32
|
22
|
19:21
|
21
|
15:59
|
2022
|
20
|
15:33
|
21
|
09:14
|
23
|
01:04
|
21
|
21:48
|
2023
|
20
|
21:25
|
21
|
14:58
|
23
|
06:50
|
22
|
03:28
|
2024
|
20
|
03:07
|
20
|
20:51
|
22
|
12:44
|
21
|
09:20
|
2025
|
20
|
09:02
|
21
|
02:42
|
22
|
18:20
|
21
|
15:03
|
2026
|
20
|
14:46
|
21
|
08:25
|
23
|
00:06
|
21
|
20:50
|
2027
|
20
|
20:25
|
21
|
14:11
|
23
|
06:02
|
22
|
02:43
|
2028
|
20
|
02:17
|
20
|
20:02
|
22
|
11:45
|
21
|
08:20
|
2029
|
20
|
08:01
|
21
|
01:48
|
22
|
17:37
|
21
|
14:14
|
The
December solstice
, also known as the
southern solstice
, is the
solstice
that occurs each December ? typically on 21 December, but may vary by one day in either direction according to the
Gregorian calendar
. In the
Northern Hemisphere
, the December solstice is the
winter solstice
(the day with the shortest period of daylight), whilst in the
Southern Hemisphere
it is the
summer solstice
(the day with the longest period of daylight).
The solstice also marks the changing of seasons in many countries. 21 December is the first day of
winter
(in the Northern Hemisphere) and the first day of
summer
(in the Southern Hemisphere).
Solar year
[
edit
]
The December-solstice solar year is the
solar year
based on the December solstice. It is thus the length of time between adjacent December solstices.
The length of the December-solstice year has been relatively stable between 6000 BC and AD 2000, in the range of 49 minutes 30 seconds to 50 minutes in excess of 365 days 5 hours.
This is longer than the mean year of the
Gregorian calendar
, which has an excess time of 49 minutes and 12 seconds. Since 2000, it has been growing shorter. In 4000, the excess time will be 48 minutes 52 seconds, and, in 10000, 46 minutes 45 seconds.
[7]
The length of the day near the December solstice
[
edit
]
The following tables contain information on the length of the day on December 22nd, close to the winter solstice of the
Northern Hemisphere
and the summer solstice of the
Southern Hemisphere
(i.e. December solstice). The data was collected from the website of the
Finnish Meteorological Institute
on 22 December 2015, as well as from certain other websites.
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
The data is arranged geographically and within the tables from the shortest day to the longest one.
Europe
|
City
|
Sunrise
22 Dec 2015
|
Sunset
22 Dec 2015
|
Length of the day
|
Edinburgh
|
8:42
|
15:40
|
6 h 57 min
|
Moscow
|
8:57
|
15:58
|
7 h 00 min
|
Berlin
|
8:15
|
15:54
|
7 h 39 min
|
Warsaw
|
7:43
|
15:25
|
7 h 42 min
|
London
|
8:04
|
15:53
|
7 h 49 min
|
Kyiv
|
7:56
|
15:56
|
8 h 00 min
|
Paris
|
8:41
|
16:56
|
8 h 14 min
|
Vienna
|
7:42
|
16:03
|
8 h 20 min
|
Budapest
|
7:28
|
15:55
|
8 h 26 min
|
Rome
|
7:34
|
16:42
|
9 h 07 min
|
Madrid
|
8:34
|
17:51
|
9 h 17 min
|
Lisbon
|
7:51
|
17:18
|
9 h 27 min
|
Athens
|
7:37
|
17:09
|
9 h 31 min
|
Middle East
|
City
|
Sunrise
22 Dec 2015
|
Sunset
22 Dec 2015
|
Length of the day
|
Tehran
|
7:10
|
16:55
|
9 h 44 min
|
Beirut
|
6:39
|
16:33
|
9 h 54 min
|
Baghdad
|
7:02
|
16:59
|
9 h 57 min
|
Jerusalem
|
6:35
|
16:39
|
10 h 04 min
|
Manama
|
6:21
|
16:51
|
10 h 30 min
|
Doha
|
6:15
|
16:49
|
10 h 34 min
|
Dubai
|
7:00
|
17:34
|
10 h 34 min
|
Riyadh
|
6:32
|
17:10
|
10 h 37 min
|
Muscat
|
6:43
|
17:23
|
10 h 41 min
|
Sana'a
|
6:25
|
17:38
|
11 h 13 min
|
See also
[
edit
]
Astronomy
[
edit
]
Holidays
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Astronomical Applications Department of
USNO
.
"Earth's Seasons - Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion"
. Retrieved
1 August
2022
.
- ^
"Solstices and Equinoxes: 2001 to 2100"
.
AstroPixels.com
. 20 February 2018
. Retrieved
21 December
2018
.
- ^
Equinoxe de printemps entre 1583 et 2999
- ^
Solstice d’ete de 1583 a 2999
- ^
Equinoxe d’automne de 1583 a 2999
- ^
Solstice d’hiver
- ^
Bromberg, Irv.
"Solar Year Length Variations on Earth"
(PDF)
. University of Toronto, Canada
. Retrieved
21 December
2012
.
- ^
"Paikallissaa Helsinki"
[‘Local weather in Helsinki’] (in Finnish).
Finnish Meteorological Institute
. 22 December 2015
. Retrieved
22 December
2015
.
- ^
"Perth, Australia"
. Retrieved
22 December
2015
.
- ^
"Sao Paulo, Brazil"
. Retrieved
22 December
2015
.
- ^
"Denpasar, Indonesia"
. Retrieved
22 December
2015
.
- ^
"Edmonton, Canada"
. Retrieved
21 December
2019
.
- ^
"Inuvik, Canada"
. Retrieved
19 December
2020
.