Nonprofit organization
Daughters of the American Revolution
|
|
Abbreviation
| NSDAR or DAR
|
---|
Founded
| October 11, 1890
|
---|
Founders
| Mary Smith Lockwood
Mary Desha
Ellen Hardin Walworth
Eugenia Washington
|
---|
Type
| Non-profit,
lineage society
,
service organization
|
---|
Focus
| Historic preservation, education, patriotism, community service
|
---|
Headquarters
| Memorial Continental Hall
Washington, D.C.
, U.S.
|
---|
Membership
| 190,000
|
---|
President General
| Pamela Rouse Wright
|
---|
Publication
| American Spirit Magazine
,
Daughters Magazine
|
---|
Affiliations
| Children of the American Revolution
|
---|
Website
| dar
.org
|
---|
The
National Society Daughters of the American Revolution
(often abbreviated as
DAR
or
NSDAR
) is a
lineage
-based membership
service organization
for women who are directly descended from a person involved in supporting the
American Revolution
.
[1]
A non-profit group, the organization promotes education and
patriotism
. Its membership is limited to direct lineal descendants of soldiers or others of the
American Revolution
era who aided the revolution and its subsequent
war
. Applicants must be at least 18 years of age and have a birth certificate indicating that their gender is female. DAR has over 190,000 current members
[2]
in the
United States
and other countries.
[3]
The organization's motto is "God, Home, and Country".
[4]
[5]
[6]
History
[
edit
]
In 1889, the centennial of President
George Washington
's inauguration was celebrated, and Americans looked for additional ways to recognize their past. Out of the renewed interest in
United States history
, numerous patriotic and preservation societies were founded. On July 13, 1890, after the
Sons of the American Revolution
refused to allow women to join their group,
Mary Smith Lockwood
published the story of patriot
Hannah White Arnett
in
The Washington Post
,
asking, "Where will the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolution place Hannah Arnett?"
[7]
On July 21 of that year, William O. McDowell, a great-grandson of Hannah White Arnett, published an article in
The Washington Post
offering to help form a society to be known as the Daughters of the American Revolution.
[7]
The first meeting of the society was held August 9, 1890.
[7]
The first DAR chapter was organized on October 11, 1890,
[8]
at the Strathmore Arms, the home of
Mary Smith Lockwood
, one of the DAR's four co-founders. Other founders were
Eugenia Washington
, a great-grandniece of
George Washington
,
Ellen Hardin Walworth
, and
Mary Desha
. They had also held organizational meetings in August 1890.
[9]
Other attendees in October were
Sons of the American Revolution
members Registrar General Dr.
George Brown Goode
, Secretary General A. Howard Clark, William O. McDowell (SAR member #1), Wilson L. Gill (secretary at the inaugural meeting), and 18 other people.
The
First Lady
,
Caroline Lavina Scott Harrison
, wife of President
Benjamin Harrison
, lent her prestige to the founding of DAR, and served as its first
President General
. Having initiated a renovation of the White House, she was interested in historic preservation. She helped establish the goals of DAR, which was incorporated by
congressional charter
in 1896.
In this same period, such organizations as the
Colonial Dames of America
, the
Mary Washington
Memorial Society,
Preservation of the Virginia Antiquities
,
United Daughters of the Confederacy
, and
Sons of Confederate Veterans
were also founded. This was in addition to numerous fraternal and civic organizations flourishing in this period.
Structure
[
edit
]
DAR is structured into three Society levels: National Society, State Society, and Chapter. A State Society may be formed in any US State, the District of Columbia, or other countries that are home to at least one DAR Chapter. Chapters can be organized by a minimum of 12 members, or prospective members, who live in the same city or town.
[10]
Each Society or Chapter is overseen by an executive board composed of a variety of officers. National level officers are:
President General
, First Vice President General, Chaplain General, Recording Secretary General, Corresponding Secretary General, Organizing Secretary General, Treasurer General, Registrar General, Historian General, Librarian General, Curator General, and Reporter General, to be designated as Executive Officers, and twenty-one Vice Presidents General. These officers are mirrored at the State and Chapter level, with a few changes: instead of a President General, States and Chapters have Regents, the twenty-one Vice Presidents General become one Second Vice Regent position, and the title of "General" is replaced by the title of either "State" or "Chapter". Example: First Vice President General becomes State First Vice Regent.
[11]
Historic programs
[
edit
]
The DAR chapters raised funds to initiate a number of historic preservation and patriotic endeavors. They began a practice of installing markers at the graves of Revolutionary War veterans to indicate their service, and adding small flags at their gravesites on
Memorial Day
.
Other activities included commissioning and installing monuments to battles and other sites related to the War. The DAR recognized women patriots' contributions as well as those of soldiers. For instance, they installed a monument at the site of a spring where Polly Hawkins Craig and other women got water to use against flaming arrows, in the defense of
Bryan Station
(present-day
Lexington, Kentucky
).
In addition to installing markers and monuments, DAR chapters have purchased, preserved, and operated historic houses and other sites associated with the war.
DAR Hospital Corps (Spanish?American War, 1898)
[
edit
]
In the 19th century, the U.S. military did not have an affiliated group of nurses to treat servicemembers during wartime. At the onset of the Spanish?American War in 1898, the U.S. Army appointed Dr.
Anita Newcomb McGee
as Acting Assistant Surgeon to select educated and experienced nurses to work for the Army. As Vice President of the DAR (who also served as NSDAR's first Librarian General), Dr. McGee founded the DAR Hospital Corps to vet applicants for nursing positions. The DAR Hospital Corps certified 1,081 nurses for service during the Spanish?American War. DAR later funded pensions for many of these nurses who did not qualify for government pensions.
Some of DAR-certified nurses were trained by the
American Red Cross
, and many others came from religious orders such as the Sisters of Charity, Sisters of Mercy, and Sisters of the Holy Cross.
[12]
[13]
These nurses served the
U.S. Army
in the U.S.,
Cuba
, and the
Philippines
during the war. They paved the way for the eventual establishment?with Dr. McGee's assistance?of the Army Nurse Corps in 1901.
[14]
Textbook committees
[
edit
]
During the 1950s, statewide chapters of the DAR took an interest in reviewing school textbooks for their own standards of suitability. In Texas, the statewide "Committee on Investigations of Textbooks" issued a report in 1955 identifying 59 textbooks currently in Texas public schools that had "socialistic slant" or "other deficiencies" including references to "Soviet Russia" in the
Encyclopedia Britannica
.
[15]
In 1959, the Mississippi chapter's "National Defense Committee" undertook a state lobbying effort that secured an amendment to state law which added "lay" members to the committee reviewing school textbooks. A DAR board member was appointed to one of the seats.
[16]
Contemporary DAR
[
edit
]
There are nearly 180,000 current members of the DAR in approximately 3,000 chapters across the United States and in several other countries. The organization describes itself as "one of the most inclusive genealogical societies"
[17]
in the United States, noting on its website that, "any woman 18 years or older ? regardless of race, religion, or ethnic background ? who can prove lineal descent from a patriot of the American Revolution, is eligible for membership".
[17]
The current
DAR President General
is
Pamela Rouse Wright
, the founder and owner of a jewelry and luxury goods business in Texas.
Eligibility
[
edit
]
Membership in the DAR today is open to all women, regardless of race or religion, who can prove lineal bloodline descent from an
ancestor
who aided in achieving
United States independence
.
[1]
The National Society DAR is the final arbiter of the acceptability of the documentation of all applications for membership.
Qualifying participants in achieving independence include the following:
DAR published a book, available online,
[19]
with the names of thousands of minority patriots, to enable family and historical research. Its online Genealogical Research System (GRS)
[20]
provides access to a database, and it is digitizing family Bibles to collect more information for research.
The organization has chapters in all 50
U.S. states
and
Washington, D.C.
. DAR chapters outside the U.S. have been founded in
Australia
,
Austria
, the
Bahamas
,
Bermuda
,
Canada
,
France
,
Germany
,
Italy
,
Japan
,
Mexico
,
Spain
, and the
United Kingdom
. DAR is a governing organization within the
Hereditary Society Community of the United States of America
, and each DAR President General has served on HSC's board since its inception.
In June 2023, at the 132nd DAR Continental Congress, the organization voted to add an amendment to their bylaws that states the chapters "may not discriminate against an eligible applicant based on race, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, age, disability, or any other characteristic protected by applicable law." DAR spokesperson Bren Landon told Newsweek that the amendment "provides additional non-discrimination language" that protects the society's tax-exempt status. She also told Newsweek that "the new language does not change the criteria for membership," and that "DAR's longstanding membership policy remains unchanged since our founding in 1890."
[21]
At Continental Congress, Jennifer Mease, a delegate and Regent of the Liberty Bell Chapter in
Pennsylvania
, inquired whether chapters could vote against admitting a new member "whose birth certificate has been altered by their state to indicate they are female even though they were born a male."
President General Wright responded to Mease's inquiry by stating "if a person's certified birth certificate states 'female,' they are eligible for membership, and your chapter cannot change that.. if their birth certificate says they are a female, and you vote against them based on their protected class, it's discrimination."
[21]
In an official newsletter released after the congress, Wright wrote, "some have asked if this means a
transgender woman
can join DAR or if this means that DAR chapters have previously welcomed transgender women. The answer to both questions is, yes."
[22]
Educational programs
[
edit
]
DAR contributes over $1 million annually to support five schools that provide for a variety of special student needs.
[23]
The five supported schools are:
Scholarships and funds are given to
Native American
youth at
Chemawa Indian School
in
Salem, Oregon
and
Bacone College
in
Muskogee, Oklahoma
.
[23]
Civic work
[
edit
]
DAR members participate in a variety of veteran and citizenship-oriented projects, including:
- Providing more than 200,000 hours of volunteer time annually to veterans in
U.S. Veterans Administration
hospitals and non-VA facilities
- Offering support to America's service personnel in current conflicts abroad through care packages, phone cards and other needed items
- Sponsoring special programs promoting the Constitution during its official celebration week of September 17?23
- Participating in naturalization ceremonies
Exhibits and library at DAR headquarters
[
edit
]
DAR maintains a genealogical library at its headquarters in
Washington, D.C.
, which provides guides for individuals doing family research. Its bookstore presents scholarship on United States and women's history.
Temporary exhibits in the galleries have featured women's arts and crafts, including items from the DAR's quilt and embroidery collections. Exhibit curators provide a social and historical context for girls' and women's arts in such exhibits, for instance, explaining practices of mourning reflected in certain kinds of embroidery samplers, as well as ideals expressed about the new republic. Permanent exhibits include American furniture, silver, and furnishings.
Literacy promotion
[
edit
]
In 1989, the DAR established the NSDAR Literacy Promotion Committee, which coordinates the efforts of DAR volunteers to promote child and adult literacy. Volunteers teach English, tutor reading, prepare students for GED examinations, raise funds for literacy programs, and participate in many other ways.
[24]
American history essay contest
[
edit
]
DAR holds an annual national American history essay contest for students in 5th through 8th grades. A different topic is selected each year. Essays are judged "for historical accuracy, adherence to topic, organization of materials, interest, originality, spelling, grammar, punctuation, and neatness." The contest is conducted locally by DAR chapters. Chapter winners compete against each other by region and nationally; national winners receive a monetary award.
[25]
Scholarships
[
edit
]
DAR awards $150,000 annually in scholarships to high school graduates, and music, law, nursing, and medical school students. Only two of the 20 scholarships offered are restricted to DAR members or their descendants.
[26]
Debutante balls
[
edit
]
Certain chapters of the DAR partner with the Sons of the American Revolution to host
debutante balls
where daughters of members are presented to
society
as
debutantes
and sons of members are presented as "patriots".
[27]
Members of the Children of the American Revolution may also be presented.
[27]
The Pennsylvania State Society of the DAR hosts the annual Constitution Debutante Ball in
Valley Forge
.
[28]
In
Lafayette, Louisiana
, the Galvez Chapter of the DAR hosts the annual George Washington Ball, commemorating the birthday of George Washington.
[29]
[30]
Young women in the Children of the American Revolution who are either eighteen years of age or a senior in high school may be presented as debutantes at the Virginia DAR State Conference in
Richmond
.
[31]
Debutantes are also presented at the Georgia DAR State Conference.
[32]
African Americans and DAR
[
edit
]
In 1932, DAR adopted a rule excluding
African American
musicians from performing at
DAR Constitution Hall
in response to complaints by some members against "mixed seating," as both black and white people were attracted to concerts of black artists. In 1939, they denied permission for
Marian Anderson
to perform a concert. First Lady
Eleanor Roosevelt
, a DAR member, resigned from the organization.
In her letter to the DAR, Roosevelt wrote, "I am in complete disagreement with the attitude taken in refusing Constitution Hall to a great artist...You had an opportunity to lead in an enlightened way and it seems to me that your organization has failed." Author
Zora Neale Hurston
criticized Roosevelt's refusal to condemn the Board of Education of Washington, D.C.'s simultaneous decision to exclude Anderson from singing at the segregated white
Central High School
. Hurston declared "to jump the people responsible for racial bias would be to accuse and expose the accusers themselves. The District of Columbia has no home rule; it is controlled by congressional committees, and Congress at the time was overwhelmingly Democratic. It was controlled by the very people who were screaming so loudly against the DAR. To my way of thinking, both places should have been denounced, or neither."
[33]
As the controversy grew, American media overwhelmingly backed Anderson's right to sing.
The Philadelphia Tribune
, an African American newspaper in
Philadelphia
, wrote, "A group of tottering old ladies, who don't know the difference between patriotism and putridism, have compelled the gracious First Lady to apologize for their national rudeness." The
Richmond Times-Dispatch
wrote, "In these days of racial intolerance so crudely expressed in the Third Reich, an action such as the D.A.R.'s ban
... seems all the more deplorable." At Eleanor Roosevelt's behest, President Roosevelt and
Walter White
, then-executive secretary of the
NAACP
, and Anderson's manager, impresario
Sol Hurok
arranged an open-air concert on the steps of the
Lincoln Memorial
with a dignified and stirring rendition of "
America (My Country, 'Tis of Thee)
". The event attracted a crowd of more than 75,000 in addition to a national radio audience of millions.
[34]
In 1952, DAR reversed its "white performers only" policy.
[35]
In 1957, however, DAR's Colorado branch refused to allow a Mexican American child to participate in an
Abraham Lincoln
birthday event.
[36]
In 1977,
Karen Batchelor Farmer
(now Karen Batchelor) from
Detroit
, was admitted to the Ezra Parker Chapter in
Royal Oak, Michigan
as the first known DAR
African American
member.
[37]
Batchelor's admission as the first known African American member of DAR sparked international interest after it was featured in a story on page one of
The New York Times
.
[38]
In 1984,
Lena Lorraine Santos Ferguson
, a retired school secretary, was denied membership in a
Washington, D.C.
chapter of the DAR because she was Black, according to a report by
The Washington Post
.
[39]
Ferguson met the lineage requirements and could trace her ancestry to Jonah Gay, a white man who fought in Maine.
[39]
Sarah M. King, the President General of the DAR, told
The Washington Post
that DAR's chapters have autonomy in determining members,
[39]
saying "Being black is not the only reason why some people have not been accepted into chapters. There are other reasons: divorce, spite, neighbors' dislike. I would say being black is very far down the line....There are a lot of people who are troublemakers. You wouldn't want them in there because they could cause some problems."
[39]
After King's comments were reported in a page one story, outrage erupted, and the
City Council
threatened to revoke the DAR's real estate tax exemption. King quickly qualified her comments, saying that Ferguson should have been admitted, and that her application had been handled "inappropriately". DAR changed its bylaws to bar discrimination "on the basis of race or creed." In addition, King announced a resolution to recognize "the heroic contributions of black patriots in the American Revolution."
[40]
Since the mid-1980s, the DAR has supported a project to identify African Americans, Native Americans, and individuals of mixed race who were patriots of the American Revolution, expanding their recognition beyond soldiers.
[41]
In 2008, DAR published
Forgotten Patriots: African-American and American Indian Patriots in the Revolutionary War.
[19]
[41]
In 2007, the DAR posthumously honored
Mary Hemings Bell
, an individual enslaved by
Thomas Jefferson
, as a "Patriot of the Revolution." Because of Hemings Bell's declaration by the DAR to be a Patriot, all of her female descendants qualify for membership in the DAR.
[42]
Wilhelmena Rhodes Kelly
, in 2019, became the first African American elected to the DAR National Board of Management when she was installed as New York State Regent in June.
[43]
Notable members
[
edit
]
Living members
[
edit
]
- Karen Batchelor
, American lawyer and genealogist and the first African American member of the DAR
- Betsy Boze
, American academic, chief executive officer and dean,
Kent State University Stark
[44]
- Ada E. Brown
, first African American woman federal judge appointed by President
Donald Trump
and confirmed by the Senate, and first African American woman on the
United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas
in its 140-year history. Second Native American woman to become a federal judge
- Carol Burnett
, American actress, comedian, singer, and writer
- Laura Bush
, former
First Lady of the United States
[45]
- Bo Derek
, actress, former model, and veterans advocate
[45]
- Elizabeth Dole
, former
U.S. Senator
from
North Carolina
, former
transportation secretary
,
labor secretary
,
American Red Cross president
,
Federal Trade Commissioner
,
presidential candidate
, and
presidential advisor
[45]
- Tammy Duckworth
, American Army veteran, former U.S. Representative, and from 2017, U.S. Senator from Illinois. Duckworth is depicted along with
Molly Pitcher
in a statue sponsored by the DAR Illinois chapter and dedicated to women veterans on the grounds of the Brehm Memorial Library in Mt. Vernon, Illinois
[46]
- Candace Whittemore Lovely
, painter
- Dr. Donna J. Nelson
, chemistry professor
- Katie Pavlich
, conservative commentator, author, blogger, and podcaster
- Margaret Rhea Seddon
, NASA astronaut
[45]
- Wilma Vaught
, American military officer and first woman to reach the rank of brigadier general from the comptroller field
Deceased members
[
edit
]
- Jane Addams
, activist and Nobel Peace Prize winner
[45]
- Mary Jane Aldrich
(1833?1909), American temperance reformer and lecturer
- Susan B. Anthony
, American suffragist
[45]
- Lillie Stella Acer Ballagh
, national chairman of Colonial Relics
[47]
- Mary Ross Banks
(1846?1910), litterateur and author
- Clara Barton
,
American Red Cross
founder
[45]
- Octavia Williams Bates
(1846?1911), suffragist, clubwoman, author
- Jennie Iowa Berry
(1866?1951), National President,
Woman's Relief Corps
- Frances E. Burns
(1866?1937), social leader, business executive
- Mary Temple Bayard
(1853?1916), American writer, journalist
[48]
- Cora M. Beach
, State Chairman and member of National Committee for Genealogical and Historical Research
[47]
- Clara Bancroft Beatley
(1858?1923), educator, lecturer, author
[49]
- Fanny Yarborough Bickett
(1870?1941), First Lady of North Carolina and first female president of the
North Carolina Railroad
- Ella A. Bigelow
(1849?1917), author and clubwoman
[50]
- Rosalynn Carter
, former First Lady of the United States,
politician
,
political
and
social activist
[45]
- Sarah Bond Hanley
, first Democratic woman to serve in the
Illinois House of Representatives
. She served as the Illinois State Regent.
[51]
[52]
- Leah Belle Kepner Boyce
, State Recording and Secretary of the California Daughters of the American Revolution
[47]
- Gene Bradford
(1909?1937), member of the
Washington State House of Representatives
- Alice Willson Broughton
(1889?1980), First Lady of North Carolina
[53]
- Olivia Dudley Bucknam
, Hollywood chapter
[47]
- Helen Calkins
(1893?1970), American mathematician
- Eleanor Kearny Carr
(1840?1912), First Lady of North Carolina
[54]
- Luella J. B. Case
(1807?1857), author
- Marietta Stanley Case
(1845?1900), poet and temperance advocate
- Mildred Stafford Cherry
(1894?1971), First Lady of North Carolina
- Annetta R. Chipp
(1866?1961), temperance leader and prison evangelist
[55]
- Florence Anderson Clark
(1835?1918), author, newspaper editor, librarian, university dean
- Vinnie B. Clark
, established and developed the Geography Department at the
San Diego State Teachers College
[47]
- Clara Rankin Coblentz
(1863?1933), social reformer
- Sarah Johnson Cocke
(1865?1944), writer and civic leader
[56]
- Margaret Wootten Collier
(1869?1947), author
[57]
- Emily Parmely Collins
(1814?1909) ? suffragist, activist, writer
[58]
- Charity Rusk Craig
(1849?1913) - sixth national president of the Woman's Relief Corps
- Lura Harris Craighead
(1858?1926) - author, parliamentarian, clubwoman
- Harriet L. Cramer
(1847?1922) ? newspaper publisher
- Inez Mabel Crawford
, first registrar of the General Edward Hand Chapter
[47]
- Alice Creelman
(1858?1952), artist and art dealer
- Mary Mayo Crenshaw
(1875?1951), author and civil servant
- Ethel Sperry Crocker
(1861?1934), philanthropist and art patron
- Belle Caldwell Culbertson
(1857?1934), author and philanthropist
- Carrie Chase Davis
(1863?1953), American physician, suffragist
- Margaret B. Denning
(1856?1935), missionary and temperance worker
- Allie Luse Dick
(1859?1933), music teacher
- Estelle Skidmore Doremus
, supporter of the
New York Philharmonic
- Ella Loraine Dorsey
(1853?1935), author, journalist, translator
- Fanny Murdaugh Downing
(1831?1894), author and poet
- Saidie Orr Dunbar
, Executive Secretary of the Oregon Tuberculosis Association
[47]
- Caroline B. Eager
, American philanthropist who worked mainly with the
Igorot people
of the Philippine Islands
[47]
- Ida Horton East
(1842?1915), philanthropist
- Mary Baker Eddy
, founder of
Christian Science
church
- Mary Elvira Elliott
(1851?1942), writer and lecturer
- Isabel H. Ellis
, Rubidoux Chapter
[47]
- Margaret Dye Ellis
(1845?1925), social reformer and lobbyist
- Lelia Dromgold Emig
(1872?1957), genealogist
- Infanta Eulalia of Spain
, Spanish
Infanta
and author
[59]
- Lena Santos Ferguson
(1928?2004), secretary and second African American member of the DAR
- Laura Dayton Fessenden
(1852?1924), author
- Inglis Fletcher
, American writer
[47]
- Mary Alice Fonda
(1837?1897), American musician, linguist, author, critic
- Abigail Keasey Frankel
, prominent club and civic worker of Portland. She was the first president of the Oregon Federation of Business and Professional Women
[47]
- Agnes Moore Fryberger
(1868?1939), music educator
[60]
- Sarah E. Fuller
(1838?1913), philanthropist and social leader
- Sarah Ewing Sims Carter Gaut
(1826?1912), socialite and Confederate spy
- Dale Pickett Gay
, Wyoming clubwoman and one of the best known women of her time in the oil business
[47]
- Wilma Anderson Gilman
(1881?1971), concert pianist, music teacher, clubwoman
[61]
- Lillian Gish
, actress
[45]
- Fannie Smith Goble
, held several high offices in Daughters of the American Revolution organization
[47]
- Isophene Goodin Bailhache, national vice chairman of Historic Spots, State Officer, Chapter Regent
[47]
- Gene Grabeel
, mathematician and cryptanalyst who founded the
Venona project
[62]
- Harriet A. Haas
, attorney and member of Piedmont Board of Education
[47]
- Sarah C. Hall
(1832?1926), physician, suffragist
- Emma Stark Hampton
, fifth National President,
Woman's Relief Corps
- Inez M. Haring
, American botanist
[63]
- Ethel Hillyer Harris
, author
- Sallie Foster Harshbarger
, from 1920 to 1922, State Regent of the Daughters of the American Revolution
[47]
- Caroline Harrison
, former First Lady of the United States
[45]
- Antoinette Arnold Hawley
, President, Colorado WCTU
[64]
- L. Isabel Heald
, social leader and philanthropic worker
- Mary Hilliard Hinton
, historian, painter, anti-suffragist, pro-
racial segregation
- Emily Caroline Chandler Hodgin
, temperance reformer
- Margaret Gardner Hoey
, First Lady of North Carolina
[65]
- Grace Hopper
, Rear Admiral, USNR
[45]
- Anna Morris Holstein
[66]
(1825?1900), Founder First Regent D.A.R. Valley Forge Chapter, Hosted 1891 DAR National Leadership visit to Valley Forge,
[67]
Prayer Desk Dedicated at VF Memorial Chapel
in her honor,
[68]
Founder, Regent
Centennial and Memorial Association
,
[69]
[70]
Civil War Nurse, Author.
[71]
- Harriet Lane Huntress
(1860?1922), Deputy Superintendent Public Instruction in New Hampshire
- Mary Anna Jackson
(1831?1915), wife of Confederate General
Stonewall Jackson
- Electa Amanda Wright Johnson
(1938?1929), philanthropist, writer
- Rebecca Richardson Joslin
(1846?1934), writer, lecturer, benefactor, clubwoman
- Jennie Murray Kemp
(1858?1928), temperance leader and writer
[72]
- Sara Beaumont Kennedy
(1859?1920), writer and newspaper editor
- Mary Lewis Langworthy
(1872?1949), teacher, writer, lecturer, and executive
- Harriet Nisbet Latta
(1853?1910), Founding State Regent of North Carolina
- Nancy A. Leatherwood
, national chairman of Historical and Literary Reciprocity Committee of the Daughters of the American Revolution
[47]
- Willie Kirkpatrick Lindsay
(1875?1954), educator and temperance activist
- Colonel
Westray Battle Long
, Director of the
Women's Army Corps
- Harriett Lothrop
(1844?1924), author and founder of the
Children of the American Revolution
- Anne Bozeman Lyon
(1860?1936), writer
[73]
- Edith Bolte MacCracken
, State Regent of the Daughters of the American Revolution
[47]
- Mary Stuart James MacMurphy
(1846?1934), teacher, lecturer, clubwoman, and author
- Virginia Donaghe McClurg
, member
[47]
- Ruth Karr McKee
, member
[47]
- Moina Michael
, educator and originator of Memorial Day Poppies
[74]
- Anne Hazen McFarland
, M.D., physician and medical journal editor
- Anita Newcomb McGee
, founder of the Army Nurse Corps
[45]
- Luella F. McWhirter
, president, Indiana State
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
- Anne Rogers Minor
, artist and DAR President General, 1920?1923
[75]
- Fanny E. Minot
(1847?1919), national president
Woman's Relief Corps
- Bessie Morse
, founder of The Morse School of Expression, St. Louis
[76]
- Sara E. Morse
, held positions in several organizations
[47]
- Grandma Moses
, folk artist
[45]
- Alice Curtice Moyer
[77]
- Emma Huntington Nason
(1845?1921), poet, author, and musical composer
- Jacqueline Noel
, leader in promoting the colonial history of the United States
[47]
- Cornelia Alice Norris
, socialite, genealogist, and founding regent of the Caswell-Nash Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution
- Florence Sillers Ogden
, columnist, conservative activist, and segregationist
- Elizabeth Fry Page
(??1943), author, editor
- Jane Marsh Parker
(1836?1913), author, historian, clubwoman
- Fannie Brown Patrick
, musician and leader in civic and social affairs
[47]
- Alice Paul
, American suffragist
[45]
- Theodora Agnes Peck
(1882?1964), author and poet
- Isabel Weld Perkins
(1876?1948), heiress, socialite, and author
- Edith Allen Phelps
, twice president of the Oklahoma Library Association, the first professional in the Library Science field in the Oklahoma City system
[47]
- Sarah Childress Polk
, First Lady of the United States
- Frances Porcher
, officer of the Jefferson Chapter
[77]
- Delia Lyman Porter
(1858?1933), author, social reformer, clubwoman
- Adele Poston
, pioneer in the field of psychiatric nursing
[78]
- Sara Agnes Rice Pryor
(1830?1912), writer and community activist
- Ada E. Purpus
, member
[47]
- Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan
, author, journalist
- Emma May Alexander Reinertsen
(1853?1920), writer
- Janet Reno
, former Attorney General of the United States
[45]
- Hester Dorsey Richardson
(1862?1933), author
[79]
- Alice Mary Robertson
, educator and public servant from
Oklahoma
, second woman to serve in the United States Congress
- Lelia P. Roby
, regent, DAR; founder,
Ladies of the Grand Army of the Republic
- Emily Warren Roebling
, engineer, known for her contribution to the completion of the
Brooklyn Bridge
- Ginger Rogers
, actress and dancer
[45]
- Eleanor Roosevelt
, First Lady of the United States. She resigned her membership in protest of racism.
- Fannie Forbis Russel
, one of the pioneer women of the state of Montana
[47]
- Susan Augusta Pike Sanders
, national president of the Woman's Relief Corps
[80]
- Phyllis Schlafly
, conservative political activist and writer
[45]
- Julia Green Scott
, DAR President General
[1]
- M. Elizabeth Shellabarger
, Registered Nurse, army nurse overseas during World War I and director of American Red Cross Nursing Service in Albania and Montenegro
[47]
- Jessamine Shumate
, noted artist and cartographer
- Eva Munson Smith
(1843?1915), composer, poet, author
- Lura Eugenie Brown Smith
(1864??), journalist, newspaper editor, author
[81]
- Margaret Chase Smith
, US Congresswoman and US Senator
[45]
- Mary Bell Smith
(1818?1894), educator and temperance leader
[82]
- Helen Norton Stevens
, Lady Stirling Chapter
[47]
- Mary Ingram Stille
(1854?1935), historian, journalist, and temperance reformer
- Lillian Carpenter Streeter
(1854?1935), social reformer, clubwoman, author
- Vera Blanche Thomas
, president of the Arizona State Nurses' Association from 1927 to 1928
[47]
- Adaline Emerson Thompson
(1859?1951), benefactor and educational leader
[83]
- Martha L. Poland Thurston
(1849?1898), vice-president of the national body; also social leader, philanthropist, writer
- Lydia H. Tilton
(1839?1915), lyricist of "Old Glory", the D.A.R. national song
[84]
[85]
- Lizabeth A. Turner
(1829?1907), National President,
Woman's Relief Corps
- Gertrude Vaile
(1878?1954), social worker
- Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney
, sculptor, art patron and collector, and founder in 1931 of the
Whitney Museum of American Art
[86]
- Maryly Van Leer Peck
, Founder of
Guam Community College
, first female president of a Florida Community College, first woman chemical engineer graduate from Vanderbilt University. Received the National Community Service Award from DAR.
[87]
- Amy Robbins Ware
(1877?1929), WWI veteran, author
- Marion Margery Scranton
(1884?1960), women's suffrage activist
- Flora Warren Seymour
, writer, historian, author, first woman member of the
Board of Indian Commissioners
- Florence Warfield Sillers
, historian and socialite, founding member of the Mississippi Delta Chapter
- Emily Goodrich Smith
(1830?1903), newspaper correspondent
- Jennie O. Starkey
(ca. 1856 ? 1918) was an American journalist
- Elizabeth Willisson Stephen
(1856?1925), author
[88]
- Fay Webb-Gardner
, First Lady of North Carolina
- Agnes Wright Spring
, member
[47]
- Adelaide Cilley Waldron
(1843?1909), author, editor, clubwoman
- Margaret Anderson Watts
(1832?1905), social reformer, temperance activist, and writer
- Margaret Ray Wickens
(1843?1918), national president of the
Woman's Relief Corps
- Helen M. Winslow
(1851?1938), editor, author, publisher, and journalist
- Grace Steele Woodward
(1899?1987), writer and historian
List of DAR presidents general
[
edit
]
The presidents general of the society have been:
[89]
[90]
-
Caroline Scott Harrison, First DAR President General
-
Southern Woman Named DAR President General
-
Silver Arrow, the symbol of the Dillon administration in the form of a pin.
Number
|
President General
|
Years in office
|
State of membership
|
1
|
Caroline Scott Harrison
, (
Mrs. Benjamin
)
|
1890?1892,
Died in office
|
Indiana
|
1.5
|
Mary Virginia Ellet Cabell
, (Mrs. William D.)
|
1892?1893,
Vice President Presiding
|
Virginia
|
2
|
Letitia Green Stevenson
, (
Mrs. Adlai E.
)
|
1893?1895
|
Illinois
|
3
|
Mary Parke McFerson Foster
, (
Mrs. John W.
)
|
1895?1896
|
Indiana
|
4
|
Letitia Green Stevenson
, (
Mrs. Adlai E.
)
|
1896?1898
|
Illinois
|
5
|
Mary Margaretta Fryer Manning
, (
Mrs. Daniel
)
|
1898?1899, & 1899?1901
|
New York
|
6
|
Cornelia Cole Fairbanks
, (
Mrs. Charles W.
)
|
1901?1903, & 1903?1905
|
Indiana
|
7
|
Emily Nelson Ritchie McLean, (Mrs. Donald)
|
1905?1907, & 1907?1909
|
New York
|
8
|
Julia Green Scott
, (
Mrs. Matthew T.
)
|
1909?1911, & 1911?1913
|
Illinois
|
9
|
Daisy Allen Story, (Mrs. William Cumming)
|
1913?1915, & 1915?1917
|
New York
|
10
|
Sarah Elizabeth Mitchell Guernsey, (Mrs. George Thatcher)
|
1917?1920
|
Kansas
|
11
|
Anne Belle Rogers Minor
, (Mrs. George Maynard)
|
1920?1923
|
Connecticut
|
12
|
Lora Haines Cook, (Mrs. Anthony Wayne)
|
1923?1926
|
Pennsylvania
|
13
|
Grace Lincoln Brosseau, (Mrs. Hall)
|
1926?1929
|
Connecticut
|
14
|
Edith Erwin Hobart, (Mrs. Lowell Fletcher)
|
1929?1932
|
Ohio
|
15
|
Edith Scott Magna, (Mrs. Russell William)
|
1932?1935
|
Massachusetts
|
16
|
Florence Hague Becker, (Mrs. William A.)
|
1935?1938
|
New Jersey
|
17
|
Sarah Corbin Robert
, (Mrs. Henry Martyn Jr.)
|
1938?1941
|
Maryland
|
18
|
Helena R. Pouch
, (Mrs. William H.)
|
1941?1944
|
New York
|
19
|
May Erwin Talmadge, (Mrs. Julius Young)
|
1944?1947
|
Georgia
|
20
|
Estella A. O'Byrne, (Mrs. Roscoe C.)
|
1947?1950
|
Indiana
|
21
|
Marguerite Courtright Patton, (Mrs. James B.)
|
1950?1953
|
Ohio
|
22
|
Gertrude Sprague Carraway
|
1953?1956
|
North Carolina
|
23
|
Allene Wilson Groves, (Mrs. Frederic A.)
|
1956?1959
|
Missouri
|
24
|
Doris Pike White,
[91]
(Mrs. Ashmead)
|
1959?1962
|
Maine
|
25
|
Marion Moncure Duncan, (Mrs. Robert V. H.)
|
1962?1965
|
Virginia
|
26
|
Adele Woodhouse Erb Sullivan
, (Mrs. William Henry Jr.)
|
1965?1968
|
New York
|
27
|
Betty Newkirk Seimes
, (Mrs. Erwin Frees)
|
1968?1971
|
Delaware
|
28
|
Eleanor Washington Spicer, (Mrs. Donald)
|
1971?1974
|
California
|
29
|
Sara Roddis Jones, (Mrs. Henry Stewart)
|
1974?1975
|
Wisconsin
|
30
|
Jane Farwell Smith, (Mrs. Wakelee Rawson)
|
1975?1977
|
Illinois
|
31
|
Jeannette Osborn Baylies, (Mrs. George Upham)
|
1977?1980
|
New York
|
32
|
Patricia Walton Shelby, (Mrs. Richard Denny)
|
1980?1983
|
Mississippi
|
33
|
Sarah McKelley King, (Mrs. Walter Hughey)
|
1983?1986
|
Tennessee
|
34
|
Ann Davison Duffie Fleck, (Mrs. Raymond Franklin)
|
1986?1989
|
Massachusetts
|
35
|
Marie Hirst Yochim, (Mrs. Eldred Martin)
|
1989?1992
|
Virginia
|
36
|
Wayne Garrison Blair, (Mrs. Donald Shattuck)
|
1992?1995
|
Ohio
|
37
|
Dorla Eaton Kemper, (Mrs. Charles Keil)
|
1995?1998
|
California
|
38
|
Georgane Ferguson Love (Easley), (Mrs. Dale Kelly)
|
1998?2001
|
Mississippi
|
39
|
Linda Tinker Watkins*
|
2001?2004
|
Tennessee
|
40
|
Presley Merritt Wagoner
|
2004?2007
|
West Virginia
|
41
|
Linda Gist Calvin
|
2007?2010
|
California
|
42
|
Merry Ann T. Wright
|
2010?2013
|
New York
|
43
|
Lynn Forney Young
|
2013?2016
|
Texas
|
44
|
Ann Turner Dillon
|
2016?2019
|
Colorado
|
45
|
Denise Doring VanBuren
|
2019?2022
|
New York
|
46
|
Pamela Rouse Wright
|
2022?2025
|
Texas
|
*Note: During the Watkins administration, the President General and other National Officers began to be referred to by their own first names, rather than their husbands'.
Honors
[
edit
]
A memorial to the Daughters of the American Revolution's four founders at Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C., was dedicated on April 17, 1929. It was sculpted by
Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney
, a DAR member.
[92]
[93]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
"How to Join the DAR"
. Daughters of the American Revolution
. Retrieved
April 14,
2018
.
- ^
Continental Congress membership report
- ^
Daughters of the American Revolution. (2013). In
Encyclopædia Britannica.
Retrieved from
library.eb.com
- ^
Maslin Nir, Sarah (July 3, 2012).
"For Daughters of the American Revolution, a New Chapter"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
May 23,
2016
.
- ^
Plys, Kate (July 4, 1991).
"I Had Luncheon With the DAR"
.
Chicago Reader
. Sun-Times Media
. Retrieved
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2016
.
- ^
"The Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum." Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum ? Marian Anderson. N.p., n.d. Web. May 23, 2016.
- ^
a
b
c
Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine
. 1915
. Retrieved
October 30,
2014
.
- ^
Contributed (July 12, 2019).
"DAR honors Real Daughters of the Revolutionary War buried in Redlands"
.
Redlands News
. Retrieved
February 5,
2020
.
- ^
National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution 1991
, p. 22.
- ^
National Bylaws of the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution
. pp. 26, 36.
- ^
National Bylaws of the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution
. p. 12.
- ^
"Daughters of the American Revolution: Did You Know?"
. Retrieved
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2019
.
- ^
Ed. Feller, Carolyn M. and Debora R. Cox (2016).
Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps
. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Army Center of Military History. p. 5.
- ^
Gessner, Ingrid (2015).
"Heroines of Health: Examining the Other Side of the "Splendid Little War"
"
.
European Journal of American Studies
. 10?1, Special Issue: Women in the USA: 1?20 – via OpenEdition.
- ^
"Feb 21, 1955 Issue | Texas Observer Print Archives"
.
issues.texasobserver.org
. Archived from
the original
on June 2, 2023
. Retrieved
July 6,
2020
.
- ^
United States Congressional Serial Set
. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1962.
- ^
a
b
"DAR History"
.
Daughters of the American Revolution
. Retrieved
May 24,
2016
.
- ^
VanBuren, Denise Doring (December 14, 2020).
"A Productive Executive Session"
.
DAR Blog
.
- ^
a
b
"Forgotten Patriots Book"
.
Daughters of the American Revolution
.
- ^
"DAR Genealogical Research Databases"
.
services.dar.org
.
- ^
a
b
Zurick, Maura (July 26, 2023).
"Daughters of the American Revolution Members Quit Over Transgender Fears"
.
Newsweek
.
Washington, D.C.
Retrieved
August 22,
2023
.
- ^
Spears, Hunter (January 8, 2024).
"When the DAR Said Trans Women Were Allowed, Controversy Ensued"
.
Washingtonian
. Catherine Merrill Williams
. Retrieved
January 14,
2023
.
- ^
a
b
"DAR Supported Schools"
. DAR
. Retrieved
November 8,
2007
.
- ^
"Literacy Promotion"
. DAR
. Retrieved
November 8,
2007
.
- ^
"American History Essay"
. DAR
. Retrieved
November 8,
2007
.
- ^
"Scholarships"
. DAR
. Retrieved
November 8,
2007
.
- ^
a
b
"Debutantes, patriots introduced at DAR, SAR George Washington Ball at Petroleum Club"
.
The Acadiana Advocate
.
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
. June 26, 2022
. Retrieved
April 24,
2024
.
- ^
"Pennsylvania DAR/SAR/CAR Constitution Debutante Ball"
.
Daughters of the American Revolution
. 2014
. Retrieved
April 24,
2024
.
- ^
Wartelle, Kris (March 19, 2019).
"The DAR hold its annual George Washington ball"
.
The Daily Advertiser
.
Lafayette, Louisiana
. Retrieved
April 24,
2024
.
- ^
Wartelle, Kris (May 4, 2017).
"Daughters of the American Revolution celebrate 58"
.
The Daily Advertiser
.
Lafeyette, Louisiana
. Retrieved
April 24,
2024
.
- ^
Forsythe, Anne-Cabrie (2021).
"Virginia DAR State Conference Debutantes"
(PDF)
.
Virginia Children of the American Revolution
.
Children of the American Revolution
. Retrieved
April 24,
2024
.
- ^
"National Society Daughters of the American Revolution: 2008 debutante"
.
Rome News-Tribune
.
Marietta Daily Journal
. April 25, 2008
. Retrieved
April 25,
2024
.
- ^
Beito, David (November 15, 2023).
"Zora and Eleanor: Toward a Fuller Understanding of the First Lady's Civil Rights Legacy"
.
Independent Institute
.
- ^
"Exhibit: Eleanor Roosevelt Letter"
.
NARA
. February 26, 1939
. Retrieved
October 8,
2006
.
- ^
Kennedy Center
,
"Biography of Marian Anderson"
Archived
January 6, 2008, at the
Wayback Machine
.
- ^
Sandage, Scott (June 7, 1993).
"Apologies for D.A.R. Racism Never End"
.
The New York Times
.
- ^
"Karen Farmer"
Archived
December 17, 2009, at the
Wayback Machine
,
American Libraries
39 (February 1978), p. 70;
Negro Almanac,
pp. 73,1431;
Who's Who among Africans,
14th ed., p. 405.
- ^
Stevens, William K. (December 28, 1977).
"A Detroit Black Woman's Roots Lead to a Welcome in the D.A.R."
The New York Times
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Kessler, Ronald (March 12, 1984).
"Sponsors Claim Race Is Stumbling Block"
.
The Washington Post
. p. 1.
- ^
Kessler, Ronald (April 18, 1984).
"DAR Chief Says Black's Application Handled 'Inappropriately'
"
.
The Washington Post
.
- ^
a
b
"Forgotten Patriots"
.
Daughters of the American Revolution
.
- ^
American Spirit Magazine,
Daughters of the American Revolution, January?February 2009, p. 4
- ^
Hajela, Deepti (June 29, 2019).
"Daughters of the American Revolution Welcomes First Black Woman, Wilhelmena Rhodes Kelly, to National Board"
.
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.
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. Retrieved
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.
- ^
"Kent State Stark ? Kent State University"
.
www.stark.kent.edu
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
"Dazzling Daughters, 1890?2004"
.
Americana Collection exhibit
. DAR
. Retrieved
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2006
.
- ^
"Walter Burdick Chapter: Gallery"
. Walter Burdick Chapter, National Society Daughters of the American Revolution (NSDAR)
. Retrieved
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2018
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
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k
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m
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u
v
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x
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z
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ac
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.
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.
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.
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: 153
. Retrieved
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.
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.
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. Retrieved
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Directory of the Chapters, Officers and Members
(Public domain ed.). Washington, D.C.: Daughters of the American Revolution. p. 214
. Retrieved
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. Illinois Printing Company. p.
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.
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. Retrieved
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.
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. Retrieved
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. 1897.
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"Obituary, Annetta Rebecca Chipp. Died in Boise, Idaho, March 25, 1961"
.
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. March 26, 1961. p. 34
. Retrieved
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.
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.
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Foster, Mary Dillon (1924). "Wilma Anderson Gilman".
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.
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.
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. February 15, 2015
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.
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. Westerville, Ohio: American Issue Publishing Co. p. 1202
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.
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.
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.
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.
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. June 23, 2018.
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.
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.
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. Archived from
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. Retrieved
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.
- ^
"Death Takes Mrs. Minor in Waterford"
.
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. October 25, 1947. p. 4
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.
- ^
"Elizabeth Morse Funeral To Be in De Soto Tomorrow ? 12 Jan 1948, Mon ? Page 17"
.
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. St. Louis, Woodward. p.
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.
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. Vol. 68?69 (Public domain ed.). Daughters of the American Revolution. p. 286
. Retrieved
December 30,
2021
.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
public domain
.
- ^
Daughters of the American Revolution (1897).
"Mrs. Mary Perkins Bell Smith. 2066"
.
Lineage Book of the Charter Members of the Daughters of the American Revolution
. Vol. 3. Daughters of the American Revolution. p. 25.
OCLC
25883579
.
- ^
Daughters of the American Revolution (1900).
"Mrs. Adaline Emerson Thompson. 11473"
.
Lineage Book
. Vol. 12 (Public domain ed.). The Society. pp. 180?81
. Retrieved
April 18,
2022
.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
public domain
.
- ^
"POLITICS IN THE AIR; "DAUGHTERS" ALERT"
.
Evening Star
(Public domain ed.). April 18, 1909. p. 5
. Retrieved
August 12,
2022
– via Newspapers.com.
- ^
"Proceedings of the Eighteenth Continental Congress of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Washington, D. C., April 19th to 24th, 1909, Continental Memorial Hall"
.
The American Monthly Magazine
.
35
(Public domain ed.). National Society: 102. 1909
. Retrieved
August 12,
2022
.
- ^
"The Four Founders"
.
Daughters of the American Revolution
.
- ^
"Maryly VanLeer Peck"
.
Florida Women's Hall of Fame
.
Florida Commission on the Status of Women
. Retrieved
March 29,
2018
.
- ^
Daughters of the American Revolution (1912).
Lineage Book ? National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution
. Vol. 36 (Public domain ed.). Daughters of the American Revolution.
- ^
DAR Handbook and National Bylaws
(33rd ed.). Washington, D.C. 2020. p. 34.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
- ^
National Society Daughters of the American Revolution (2013).
The Wide Blue Sash
(2nd ed.). National Society Daughters of the American Revolution.
ISBN
9781892237163
.
- ^
White, Doris Pike (April 1962). "The President General's Message".
Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine
.
96
(4): 355.
- ^
"Founders Memorial"
.
Daughters of the American Revolution
. Retrieved
October 31,
2014
.
- ^
"Daughters of the American Revolution, Founders statue at Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C. by Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney located in James M. Goode's Foggy Bottom area"
. Archived from
the original
on October 31, 2014
. Retrieved
November 15,
2014
.
This article incorporates
public domain material
from websites or documents of the
National Archives and Records Administration
.
Works cited
[
edit
]
Further reading
[
edit
]
- Independent accounts
- Anderson, Peggy
.
The Daughters
(1972)
- Bailey, Diana L.
American Treasure: The Enduring Spirit of the DAR
, Walsworth Publishing Company (2007)
- Julie Des Jardins,
Women and the Historical Enterprise in America: Gender, Race, and the Politics of Memory, 1880?1945
, University of North Carolina Press (2003)
- Strayer, Martha.
The D.A.R.: An Informal History
, Washington, DC. Public Affairs Press (1958) (critically reviewed by Gilbert Steiner as covering personalities but not politics, Review,
The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
, v.320, "Highway Safety and Traffic Control" (Nov. 1958), pp. 148?49.)
- Wendt, Simon.
The Daughters of the American Revolution and Patriotic Memory in the Twentieth Century
(U Press of Florida, 2020)
online review
- Sara Wallace Goodman
(2020) "
'Good American citizens': a text-as-data analysis of citizenship manuals for immigrants, 1921?1996.
"
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
- DAR-related
- Hunter, Ann Arnold.
A Century of Service: The Story of the DAR.
Washington, DC: National Society Daughters of the American Revolution (1991).
- Simkovich, Patricia Joy.
Indomitable Spirit: The Life of Ellen Hardin Walworth,
Washington, DC: National Society Daughters of the American Revolution (2001). (The life story of
Ellen Hardin Walworth
, one of the NSDAR founders.)
- 125 Years of Devotion to America,
Washington, DC: National Society Daughters of the American Revolution. DAR publication that includes reflections, prayers and ceremonial excerpts to capture material about the DAR and its members' service.
External links
[
edit
]
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