한국   대만   중국   일본 
Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces - Wikipedia Jump to content

Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces
以北5道委員會 / 以北五道委員會
Map of North Korea with provincial divisions claimed by South Korea
Map of North Korea with provincial divisions claimed by South Korea
Capital Pyongyang
Official languages Korean
Government Government body under the South Korean Ministry of the Interior and Safety
? Collective Provincial Committee (led by the government relocated to South Korea)
Ki Deok-young
(Hwanghae)
Yang Jong-gwang
(North Pyeongan)
Cho Myeong-cheol
(South Pyeongan)
Lee Hoon
(North Hamgyeong)
Son Yang-young
(South Hamgyeong)
Local government under the Republic of Korea
ISO 3166 code KP
Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces
Hangul
以北5道委員會
Hanja
以北五道委員會
Revised Romanization Ibuk Odo Wiwonhoe
McCune?Reischauer Ibuk Odo Wiw?nhoe

The Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces ( Korean 以北5道委員會 ; Hanja 以北五道委員會 , literally "The North's Five Provinces Committee") is a South Korean government body under the Ministry of the Interior and Safety .

History [ edit ]

Established in 1949, the committee is officially responsible for the administration of the five Korean provinces located entirely north of the Military Demarcation Line , as the South Korean government formally claims to be the sole legitimate government of whole of Korea . The South Korean government does not recognise any changes to the borders of the provinces made by North Korea since its establishment. The President of South Korea appoints governors for each of the five provinces. [1] However, their role is largely symbolic (comparable to titular bishops ), as the territory is under the effective jurisdiction of North Korea . The committee's main practical function is to provide support to North Korean defectors living in South Korea, including helping with the resettlement of North Koreans and organizing social events for North Koreans. [1] [2]

Despite its name, the committee plays no part in North Korea?South Korea relations ; North Korean affairs are handled by the Ministry of Unification . [1] In the event of a North Korean collapse, contingency plans call for a new government body to be set up to administer the North under the leadership of the Unification Minister. In that case, the five governors would have to resign and the committee would be disbanded. [1] [3]

Historical flag and emblem [ edit ]

North Hamgyeong [ edit ]

North Hamgyeong Province
Korean transcription(s)
 ?  Hangul 咸鏡北道
 ?  Hanja 咸鏡北道
 ? Revised Romanization Hamgyeongbuk-do
Flag of North Hamgyeong Province
Location of North Hamgyeong Province
Capital Cheongjin
Subdivisions 3 cities; 11 counties
Government
 ? Governor Lee Hoon
Area
 ? Total 20,345 km 2 (7,855 sq mi)

North Hamgyeong Province or Hamgyeongbuk-do ( Korean pronunciation: [ham?j?ŋ bukt?o] ) corresponds to North Korea's North Hamgyong Province , Rason Special City and part of Ryanggang Province .

Hamgyeongbuk-do is divided into 3 cities ( si ) and 11 counties ( gun ):

Cities :

Counties :

  • Gyeongseong (京城, 鏡城) (administrative center at Gyeongseong-myeon)
    • 2 eup  : Jueul, Eodaejin
    • 4 myeon  : Gyeongseong, Eorang, Jubuk, Junam
  • Myeongcheon (明川, 明川) (administrative center at Sangwubuk-myeon)
    • 10 myeon  : Sangwubuk, Dong, Sangga, Sanggo, Sangwunam, Seo, Agan, Haga, Hago, Hawu
  • Gilju (吉州, 吉州)
    • 1 eup  : Gilju
    • 5 myeon  : Deoksan, Donghae, Yangsa, Ungpyeong, Jangbaek
  • Hakseong (鶴聲, 鶴城) (administrative center at Seongjin)
    • 5 myeon  : Hakseo, Hakdong, Hakjung, Haknam, Haksang
  • Buryeong (富寧, 富寧)
    • 8 myeon  : Buryeong, Gwanhae, Bugeo, Samhae, Seosang, Seokmak, Yeoncheon, Cheongam
  • Musan (霧散, 茂山)
    • 1 eup  : Musan
    • 9 myeon  : Dong, Samjang, Samsa, Seoha, Eoha, Yeonsa, Yeonsang, Yeongbuk, Punggye
  • Hoenyeong (回녕, 會寧)
    • 1 eup  : Hoenyeong
    • 6 myeon  : Byeokseong, Boeul, Yongheung, Changdu, Paleul, Hwapyeong
  • Jongseong (鐘城, 鍾城)
    • 6 myeon  : Jongseong, Namsan, Yonggye, Punggok, Haengyeong, Hwabang
  • Onseong (穩城, 穩城)
    • 6 myeon  : Onseong, Namyang, Mipo, Yeongwa, Yeongchung, Hunyung
  • Gyeongwon (慶源, 慶源)
    • 6 myeon  : Gyeongwon, Dongwon, Asan, Annong, Yongdeok, Yudeok
  • Gyeongheung (慶興, 慶興) (administrative center at Unggi-eup)
    • 2 eup  : Unggi, Aoji
    • 3 myeon  : Gyeonghung, Punghae, Noseo

South Hamgyeong [ edit ]

South Hamgyeong Province
Korean transcription(s)
 ?  Hangul 咸鏡南道
 ?  Hanja 咸鏡南道
 ? Revised Romanization Hamgyeongnam-do
Flag of South Hamgyeong Province
Location of South Hamgyeong Province
Capital Hamheung
Subdivisions 3 cities; 16 counties
Government
 ? Governor Son Yang-young
Area
 ? Total 31,977 km 2 (12,346 sq mi)

South Hamgyeong Province ( Korean : 咸鏡南道 , Hamgyeongnam-do ) ( Korean pronunciation: [ham?j?ŋ namdo] ) corresponds to North Korea's South Hamgyong Province , as well as parts of Ryanggang Province , Chagang Province , Kangwon Province and China's Jilin Province (several parts of Hyesan County ( Heaven Lake ) are under the rule of China, and other parts of same county are claimed by the Republic of China ).

Hamgyeongnam-do is divided into 3 cities (si) and 16 counties (gun):

Cities :

Counties :

  • Hamju (함주, 咸州) (administrative center at Hamheung)
    • 16 myeon  : Gigok, Deoksan, Dongcheon, Sampyeong, Sanggicheon, Sangjoyang, Seondeok, Yeonpo, Jubuk, Juseo, Juji, Cheonseo, Cheonwon, Toejo, Hagicheon, Hajoyang
  • Sinheung (新興, 新興)
    • 8 myeon  : Sinheung, Gapyeong, Sangwoncheon, Seogocheon, Yeonggo, Wonpyeong, Hawoncheon, Dongsang
  • Jeongpyeong (定評, 定平)
    • 8 myeon  : Chongpyong, Gosan, Gwangdeok, Gwirim, Munsan, Sinsang, Jangwon, Jui
  • Yeongheung (永興, 永興)
    • 1 eup  : Yeongheung
    • 11 myeon  : Goryeong, Deokheung, Seonheung, Sunryeong, Eokgi, Yodeok, Inheung, Jangheung, Jinpyeong, Hodo, Heongcheon
  • Gowon (高原, 高原)
    • 1 eup  : Gowon
    • 5 myeon  : Gunnae, Sangok, Sangsan, Sudong, Ungok
  • Muncheon (文川, 文川) (administrative center at Muncheon-myeon)
    • 1 eup  : Cheonnae
    • 7 myeon  : Muncheon, Deokwon, Myeonggu, Bukseong, Unrim, Pungsang, Pungha
  • Anbyeon (安邊, 安邊)
    • 7 myeon  : Anbyeon, Ando, Seokwangsa, Baehwa, Seogok, Singosan, Sinmo
  • Hongwon (弘遠, 洪原)
    • 1 eup  : Hongwon
    • 6 myeon  : Gyeongwun, Bohyeon, Samho, Yongwon, Yongpo, Unhak
  • Bukcheong (北靑, 北靑)
    • 3 eup  : Bukcheong, Sinpo , Sinchang
    • 11 myeon  : Gahoe, Geosan, Deokseong, Sanggeoseo, Seongdae, Sokhu, Sin-Bukcheong, Yanghwa, Igok, Hageoseo, Huchang
  • Iwon (梨園, 利原) (administrative center at Iwon-myeon)
    • 1 eup  : Chaho
    • 3 myeon  : Iwon, Dong, Namsong
  • Dancheon (端川, 端川)
    • 1 eup  : Dancheon
    • 8 myeon  : Gwangcheon, Damduil, Bokgwi, Bukdoil, Suha, Sinman, Ijung, Hada
  • Jangjin (장진, 長津)
    • 7 myeon  : Jangjin, Dongmun, Dongha, Buk, Sangnam, Seohan, Jungnam
  • Pungsan (풍산, ?山)
    • 5 myeon  : Pungsan, Ansan, Ansu, Ungyi, Cheonnam
  • Samsu (삼수, 三水)
    • 7 myeon  : Samsu, Geumsu, Gwanheung, Samseo, Sinpa, Jaseo, Hoin
  • Gapsan (甲山, 甲山)
    • 5 myeon  : Gapsan, Dongin, Jindong, Sannam, Hoerin
  • Hyesan (惠山, 惠山)
    • 1 eup  : Hyesan
    • 5 myeon  : Daejin, Byeoldong, Bocheon, Bongdu, Unheung

Hwanghae [ edit ]

Hwanghae Province
Korean transcription(s)
 ?  Hangul 黃海道
 ?  Hanja 黃海道
 ? Revised Romanization Hwanghae-do
Flag of Hwanghae Province
Location of Hwanghae Province
Capital Haeju
Subdivisions 3 cities; 17 counties
Government
 ? Governor Ki Deok-young
Area
 ? Total 16,743.66 km 2 (6,464.76 sq mi)

Hwanghae Province or Hwanghae-do ( Korean pronunciation: [hwaŋ.h?.do] ) corresponds to North Korea's North Hwanghae Province (except Kaesong which is claimed to be part of Gyeonggi Province ) and South Hwanghae Province .

Hwanghae-do is divided into 3 cities (si) and 17 counties (gun):

Cities :

Counties :

  • Byeokseong ( 僻姓 ; 碧城 ) (administrative center at Haeju)
    • 20 myeon  : Gajwa, Geomdan, Gosan, Nadeok, Daegeo, Donggang, Miyul, Seoseok, Songrim, Unsan, Wolrok, Janggok, Haenam, Geumsan, Naesong, Dongun, Yeongcheon, Ilsin, Cheongryong, Chuhwa
  • Yeonbaek ( 鉛白 ; 延白 )
    • 1 eup  : Yeonan
    • 19 myeon  : Gwaegung, Geumsan, Dochon, Mokdan, Bongbuk, Bongseo, Seoksan, Songbong, Onjeong, Yongdo, Unsan, Yugok, Euncheon, Haeryong, Haeseong, Haewol, Honam, Hodong, Hwaseong
  • Ongjin ( 甕津 ; 甕津 )
    • 1 eup  : Ongjin
    • 10 myeon  : Gacheon, Gyojeong, Dongnam, Bonggu, Bumin, Buk, Seo, Yongyeon, Yongcheon, Heungmi
  • Jangyeon ( 長淵 ; 長淵 )
    • 1 eup  : Jangyeon
    • 9 myeon  : Nakdo, Daegu, Mokgam, Sokdal, Suntaek, Sinhwa, Yongyeon, Haean, Hunam
  • Geumcheon ( 衿川 ; 金川 )
    • 12 Myeon  : Geumcheon, Godong, Gui, Sanoe, Seobuk, Seocheon, Oeryu, Ubong, Ungdeok, Jwa, Tosan, Habtan
  • Singye ( 新溪 ; 新溪 )
    • 8 myeon  : Singye, Go, Dami, Dayul, Maseo, Saji, Jeokyeo, Chon
  • Pyeongsan ( 평산 ; 平山 )
    • 1 eup  : Namcheon
    • 13 myeon  : Pyongsan, Goji, Geumam, Masan, Munmu, Sangwol, Seobong, Segok, Sinam, Anseong, Yongsan, Insan, Jeokam
  • Bongsan ( 鳳山 ; 鳳山 ) (administrative center at Sariwon)
    • 13 myeon  : Guyeon, Gicheon, Deokjae, Dongseon, Mancheon, Munjeong, Sain, Sansu, Seojeong, Ssangsan, Yeongcheon, Chowa, Toseong
  • Seoheung ( 서흥 ; 瑞興 )
    • 1 eup  : Sinmak
    • 10 myeon  : Seoheung, Gupo, Naedeok, Do, Maeyang, Mokgam, Sepyeong, Sosa, Yongpyeong, Yulri
  • Jaeryeong ( 載寧 ; 載寧 )
    • 1 eup  : Jaeryeong
    • 10 myeon  : Namryul, Bukryul, Samgang, Sangseong, Seoho, Sinwon, Eunryong, Jangsu, Cheongcheon, Haseong
  • Sincheon ( 莘川 ; 信川 )
    • 1 eup  : Sincheon
    • 14 myeon  : Garyeon, Gasan, Gungheung, Nambu, Nowol, Dura, Munmu, Munhwa, Bukbu, Sancheon, Oncheon, Yongmun, Yongjin, Chori
  • Songhwa ( 松花 ; 松禾 )
    • 13 myeon  : Songhwa, Punghae, Dowon, Bongrae, Sangri, Yeonbang, Yeonjeong, Unyu, Yulri, Jangyang, Jinpung, Cheondong
  • Eunyul ( 殷栗 ; 殷栗 )
    • 7 myeon  : Eunyul, Nambu, Bukbu, Seobu, Ildo, Ido, Jangryeon
  • Anak ( 安岳 ; 安岳 )
    • 1 eup  : Anak
    • 8 myeon  : Daewon, Daehaeng, Munsan, Seoha, Angok, Yongmun, Yongsun, Eunhong
  • Hwangju ( 黃州 ; 黃州 )
    • 1 eup  : Hwangju
    • 11 myeon  : Gurak, Guseong, Dochi, Samjeon, Yeongpung, Ingyo, Junam, Cheonju, Cheongryong, Cheongsu, Heukgyo
  • Suan ( 수안 ; 遂安 )
    • 9 myeon  : Suan, Gongpo, Daeseong, Daeo, Doso, Sugu, Yeonam, Yulgye, Cheongok
  • Goksan ( 谷山 ; 谷山 )
    • 12 myeon  : Goksan, Dohwa, Dongchon, Myeokmi, Bongmyeong, Sangdo, Seochon, Unjung, Iryeong, Cheonggye, Hado, Hwachon

North Pyeongan [ edit ]

North Pyeongan Province
Korean transcription(s)
 ?  Hangul 平安北道
 ?  Hanja 平安北道
 ? Revised Romanization Pyeonganbuk-do
Flag of North Pyeongan Province
Location of North Pyeongan Province
Capital Sinuiju
Subdivisions 1 cities; 19 counties
Government
 ? Governor Yang Jong-gwang
Area
 ? Total 28,442.9 km 2 (10,981.9 sq mi)
Former flag of North Pyeongan Province (1949?2019)

North Pyeongan Province or Pyeonganbuk-do ( Korean pronunciation: [p?j?ŋanbukt?o] ) corresponds to North Korea's North Pyongan Province , almost all of Chagang Province and a small part of Ryanggang Province .

Pyeonganbuk-do is divided into 1 cities (si) and 19 counties (gun):

Cities :

Counties :

  • Euiju ( Korean 義州 ; Hanja 義州 )
    • 1 eup  : Uiju
    • 12 myeon  : Gasan, Gogwan, Goryeongsak, Goseong, Gwangpyeong, Bihyeon, Songjang, Sujin, Oksang, Wolhwa, Wiwon, Wihwa
  • Yongcheon (龍泉, 龍川)
    • 1 eup  : Yongampo
    • 11 myeon  : Dongha, Naejung, Dongsang, Bura, Bukjung, Yangseo, Yanggwang, Yangha, Oesang, Oeha, Sindo
  • Cheolsan (鐵山, 鐵山)
    • 6 myeon  : Cheolsan, Baekryang, Buseo, Cham, Seorim, Yeohan
  • Seoncheon (선천, 宣川)
    • 1 eup  : Seoncheon
    • 8 myeon  : Gunsan, Nam, Unjong, Dong, Sucheong, Sinbu, Simcheon, Yongyeon, Taesan
  • Jeongju (井州, 定州)
    • 1 eup  : Jeongju
    • 12 myeon  : Galsan, Godeok, Goan, Gwaksan, Gwanju, Namseo, Daejeon, Deokeon, Masan, Anheung, Okcheon, Impo
  • Sakju (朔州, 朔州) (administrative center at Sakju-myeon)
    • 1 eup  : Cheongsu
    • 7 myeon  : Sakju, Gugok, Namseo, Sudong, Supung, Oenam, Yangsan
  • Guseong (構成, 龜城)
    • 10 myeon  : Guseong, Gwanseo, Nodong, Dongsan, Banghyeon, Sagi, Seosan, Obong, Ihyeon, Cheonma
  • Yeongbyeon (寧邊, 寧邊)
    • 14 myeon  : Yeongbyeon, Goseong, Namsong, Namsinhyeon, Doksan, Baekryeong, Bongsan, Buksinhyeon, Sorim, Yeonsan, Ori, Yongsan, Taepyeong, Palwon
  • Bakcheon (博川, 博川)
    • 1 eup  : Bakcheon
    • 7 myeon  : Gasan, Deokan, Dongnam, Seo, Yangga, Yonggye, Cheongryong
  • Taecheon (胎喘, 泰川)
    • 9 myeon  : Taecheon, Gangdong, Gangseo, Nam, Dong, Seo, Seoseong, Won, Jangrim
  • Unsan (雲山, 雲山) (administrative center at Unsan-myeon)
    • 1 eup  : Bukjin
    • 4 myeon  : Unsan, Dongsin, Seong, Wiyeon
  • Changseong (昌城, 昌城)
    • 5 myeon  : Changseong, Daechang, Dongchang, Sinchang, Cheongsan
  • Byeokdong (碧潼, 碧潼)
    • 7 myeon  : Byeokdong, Gabyeol, Gwonhoe, Seongnam, Songseo, Obuk, Usi
  • Chosan (醋蒜, 楚山)
    • 9 myeon  : Chosan, Gang, Go, Nam, Dowon, Dong, Song, Pan, Pung
  • Wiwon (委員, 渭原)
    • 7 myeon  : Wiwon, Daedeok, Seotae, Bongsan, Sungjeong, Wisong, Hwachang
  • Heuicheon (熙川, 熙川)
    • 1 eup  : Heuicheon
    • 7 myeon  : Nam, Dong, Dongchang, Buk, Seo, Sinpung, Jangdong, Jin
  • Ganggye (江界, 江界)
    • 2 eup  : Ganggye, Manpo
    • 15 myeon  : Ganbuk, Gosan, Gokha, Gongbuk, Seonggan, Sijung, Eoroe, Oegwi, Yongrim, Iseo, Ipgwan, Jeoncheon, Jongnam, Jongseo, Hwagyeong
  • Jaseong (自省, 慈城)
    • 6 myeon  : Jaseong, Sampung, Ipyeong, Jaha, Jangto, Junggang
  • Huchang (後唱, 厚昌)
    • 5 myeon  : Huchang, Namsin, Dongheung, Dongsin, Chilpyeong

List of historic governors [ edit ]

  1. Baek Yeong-eop (百營業, 白永燁; 1949?1970)
  2. Lee Ha-young (이하영, 李夏榮, 1970?1979)
  3. Lee Seok-bong (이석봉, 李碩峰; 1979 ? May 1988)
  4. Ahn Chi-soon (안치순, 安致淳; May ? December 1988)
  5. Kim Sa-seong (김사성, 金士檉; 1989 ? March 1992)
  6. Jang Jung-ryol (장정렬, 張正烈; 1992?1998)
  7. Shim Gi-cheol (심기철, 沈基哲; 1998?2000)
  8. Paik Hyong-rin (백형린, 白亨麟; 2000?2003)
  9. Cha In-tae  [ ko ] (차인태, 車仁泰; 2003?2007)
  10. Paik Do-woong (백도웅, 白道雄; 2007?2009)
  11. Paik Young-chul (백영철, 白永哲; 2009?2012)
  12. Paik Gu-seop (백구섭, 白九燮;(2012?2016)
  13. Kim Young-chol (김영철, 金永哲; 2016?2019)
  14. Oh Yeong-chan (오영찬, 吳永瓚; 2019 ? July 2022)

South Pyeongan [ edit ]

South Pyeongan Province
Korean transcription(s)
 ?  Hangul 平安南道
 ?  Hanja 平安南道
 ? Revised Romanization Pyeongannam-do
Flag of South Pyeongan Province
Location of South Pyeongan Province
Country Republic of Korea (claimed)
Capital Pyeongyang
Subdivisions 2 cities; 14 counties
Government
 ? Governor Cho Myeong-cheol
Area
 ? Total 14,944 km 2 (5,770 sq mi)

South Pyeongan Province or Pyeongannam-do ( Korean pronunciation: [p?j?ŋan namdo] ) corresponds to North Korea's South Pyongan Province , Pyongyang Directly Governed City and Nampo Special City .

Pyeongannam-do is divided into 2 cities (si) and 14 counties (gun):

Cities :

Counties :

  • Daedong (大同, 大同) (administrative center at Pyongyang)
    • 14 myeon  : Gopyeong, Yongsan, Gimje, Daebo, Namhyeongjesan, Jaegyeongri, Yongak, Busan, Sijok, Imwon, Cheongryong, Yulri, Yongyeon, Namgot
  • Junghwa (中華, 中和)
    • 11 myeon  : Junghwa, Gandong, Dangjeong, Dongdu, Sangwon, Susan, Sinheung, Yangjeong, Cheongok, Pungdong, Haeap
  • Gangseo (江西, 江西)
    • 14 myeon  : Gangseo, Dongjin, Banseok, Borim, Seongam, Seongtae, Susan, Sinjeong, Ssangryong, Ingcha, Jeokseong, Jeungsan, Chori, Hamjong
  • Gangdong (강동, 江東)
    • 1 eup  : Seungho
    • 5 myeon  : Gangdong, Gocheon, Bongjin, Samdeung, Wontan
  • Yonggang (龍岡, 龍岡)
    • 13 myeon  : Yonggang, Gwiseong, Geumgok, Dami, Daedae, Samhwa, Seohwa, Sinnyeong, Ynaggok, Osin, Yongwol, Jiun, Haeun
  • Suncheon (順天, 順川)
    • 1 eup  : Suncheon
    • 8 myeon  : Seonso, Sain , Hutan, Jasan, Naenam, Bukchang, Eunsan , Sinchang
  • Anju (按酒, 安州)
    • 1 eup  : Anju
    • 7 myeon  : Daeni, Dong, Sin-Anju, Yeonho, Yonghwa, Ungok, Ipseok
  • Pyeongwon (平原, 平原)
    • 16 myeon  : Pyongwon(Yeongyu), Geomsan, Gongdeok, Noji, Deoksan, Dongsong, Dongam, Seohae, Sukcheon, Sunan , Yanghwa, Yongho, Joun, Cheongsan, Hancheon, Haeso
  • Gaecheon (개川, 价川)
    • 1 eup  : Gaecheon
    • 5 myeon  : Bongdong, Buk, Joyang, Jungnam, Jungseo
  • Deokcheon (덕천, 德川)
    • 6 myeon  : Deokcheon, Seongyang, Ilha, Jamdo, Jamsang, Pungdeok
  • Yeongwon (永遠, 寧遠)
    • 9 myeon  : Yeongwon, Daehung, Deokhwa, Seongryong, Sobaek, Sinseong, Yeongrak, Onhwa, Taegeuk
  • Maengsan (孟山, 孟山)
    • 8 myeon  : Maengsan, Dong, Bongin, Aejeon, Okcheon, Wonnam, Jideok, Hakcheon
  • Yangdeok (陽德, 陽德)
    • 1 eup  : Yangdeok
    • 6 myeon  : Dongyang, Daeryun, Ssangryong, Ogang, Oncheon, Hwachon
  • Seongcheon (成川, 成川)
    • 12 myeon  : Seongcheon, Guryong, Neungjung, Daegok, Daegu, Saga, Samdeok, Samheung, Sungin, Ssangryong, Yeongcheon, Tongseon

Southern provinces with territory in North Korea [ edit ]

Two South Korean provinces, Gyeonggi and Gangwon , officially have parts of their territory in North Korea. The South Korean government considers the governors of these two provinces the head of their entire province, including the parts in the North. [3]

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ a b c d "South Korea's Governors of Northern Provinces Don't?And Never Will?Govern" . The Wall Street Journal . March 17, 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-12-15 . Retrieved 2 April 2014 .
  2. ^ "Purpose/Function" . The Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces . Archived from the original on 7 April 2014 . Retrieved 2 April 2014 .
  3. ^ a b "South Korea's Governors-in-Theory for North Korea" . The Wall Street Journal . March 18, 2014 . Retrieved 29 April 2014 .

External links [ edit ]