Defunct American comic book publisher
"Next Man" redirects here. For the comic written and drawn by John Byrne, see
Next Men
. For the 1976 film, see
The Next Man
.
Comico: The Comic Company
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Comicologo.png) |
Industry
| Comics
|
---|
Founded
| 1982
|
---|
Founder
| Gerry Giovinco, Bill Cucinotta
|
---|
Defunct
| 1997
|
---|
Headquarters
| Norristown, Pennsylvania
|
---|
Key people
| Geraldine Pecht (art director)
Bob Schreck
(administrative director)
Mark Hamlin (sales and marketing rep)
[1]
Diana Schutz
(editor-in-chief)
[2]
|
---|
Comico: The Comic Company
was an American
comic book
publisher headquartered in
Norristown, Pennsylvania
. Its best-known comics include the
Robotech
adaptations, the
Jonny Quest
continuation written by co-creator
Doug Wildey
, and
Matt Wagner
's
Mage: The Hero Discovered
and
Grendel
. Once considered a major contender on the
American
market, Comico went into bankruptcy in 1990, although it continued to sporadically publish books until 1997. In 2009, two of Comico's original founders launched an original
webcomics
site called
CO
2
Comics
, which they explained was the reincarnation of Comico.
History
[
edit
]
Origins
[
edit
]
Comico was founded in 1982
[3]
by a group of artists and publishers who had previously printed a local school paper called
Duckwork
in the Norristown area. Their first book,
Primer
#1, attempted to establish a large black-and-white line, featuring the premiere stories of Victor, Slaughterman, Az, Mr. Justice and Skrog. Slaughterman, Az, and Skrog made it out of the pages of
Primer
#1 and into their own brief titles, while Victor would continue to appear in each issue of
Comico Primer
.
Primer
#2 would premiere what would be Comico's flagship title
[
citation needed
]
for most of its existence:
Grendel
. Matt Wagner's
Grendel
quickly leaped from
Primer
into three issues of its own black-and white-series before Comico ended its black-and-white titles in 1984 with
Primer
#6.
Sam Kieth
's character
The Maxx
?later to have his own
Image Comics
title?was first seen in
Primer
#5. Chuck Dixon's Evangeline debuted in
Primer
#6 and thereafter received its own standalone title.
The move to color
[
edit
]
In March 1984 Comico introduced its color line of comics with:
Although an ownership dispute
[4]
led to
Evangeline
moving to
First Comics
to be continued for two more years,
[5]
Comico landed a major license in
Robotech
, with 1984 seeing the debut of
Macross
, which continued in 1985 as
Robotech: The Macross Saga
, along with the debut of two additional
Robotech
series,
Robotech Masters
(adapting
Southern Cross
) and
Robotech: The Next Generation
(adapting
MOSPEADA
). The three series produced a schedule that released a
Robotech
comic book once every two weeks, until the license for
Robotech
moved to
Eternity Comics
in 1988.
Next Man
debuted in 1984, although another ownership dispute led to
Next Man
soon moving to another publisher. This was offset in 1986, when Comico acquired
Justice Machine
and the
Elementals
from the defunct Texas Comics.
[5]
The company continued to pick up other licenses, producing a
Jonny Quest
series (and
Jezebel Jade
spin-off), a
Star Blazers
series, and a planned
Max Headroom 3-D
issue (unpublished).
[6]
Ken Steacy
illustrated a
Harlan Ellison
graphic novel.
Dave Stevens
's
The Rocketeer
and
Space Ghost
also made the line-up.
Other series included
The Maze Agency
and
Ginger Fox
.
Bankruptcy
[
edit
]
While Comico had proven to be a serious contender as a major independent comic company, a mid-1986 decision to distribute to the newsstand market doomed the company.
[7]
The direction significantly raised the number of prints for each issue, but also increased the number of issues being sent back that did not sell. Refunds for those returned issues ate into the publisher's budget very quickly (and, among other things, they had trouble paying their printing bills).
[8]
In response to this, Comico began to push out a number of new titles, aimed at spreading out the number of returned comics between various titles. In 1988 they began distributing their titles to the bookstore market,
[9]
and in 1989 partnered with
DC Comics
to distribute their comics to a wider market.
[10]
Despite these measures, however, and with the end of the
Mage
,
Grendel
and
Robotech
series, much of the reliable revenue for the company dried up. Many of the company's long-time artists and publishers jumped ship and, by 1989, Comico had cancelled half its titles
[11]
and was deep into
bankruptcy
.
Fish Police
and
Trollords
were picked up by
Apple Comics
, while
The Trouble with Girls
was acquired by
Malibu Comics
[12]
and
Justice Machine
and
The Maze Agency
went to
Innovation Comics
. Comico suspended operations in 1990,
[13]
with
E-Man
#3.
Andrew Rev
[
edit
]
In 1990, the owners of the company sold Comico
[14]
[15]
to Andrew Rev, who released the rest of the original staff and began working on relaunching the company.
[16]
[17]
[18]
With the planned relaunch, Rev held onto as many of the original Comico series he could.
Most significantly hit were Matt Wagner's creations
Mage
and
Grendel
.
Mage II: The Hero Defined
, expected out in 1989, was not published until the late 1990s. Both Comico and Wagner had jointly
copyrighted
Mage
and
Grendel
, and with Comico in bankruptcy, that half of the copyright was claimed as a company asset.
[19]
A two-part
Batman
/Grendel crossover,
Devil's Riddle
and
Devil's Masque
, was written and drawn by Wagner and colored at the time of the Comico series, but was delayed by Comico's bankruptcy. It was eventually published by DC in 1993.
[20]
Wagner regained sole copyright of
Grendel
that same year, and, much later,
Mage
, publishing the series through
Dark Horse Comics
and
Image Comics
respectively.
While losing Wagner's characters, Rev did manage to buy
Elementals
for his restart.
[7]
[21]
Comico began printing again in 1992 with various
Elementals
-related comics, and in 1993 flooded the market with various one-shot
Elementals
specials. Rev also acquired
Northstar Publishing
.
[18]
Budgetary problems and conflicts with creators over payments
[22]
led to Comico's presses going silent again until 1995,
[23]
with yet another
Elementals
title (running three issues), and various
Elementals
spin-offs never making it past their first or second issues. Northstar continued publishing material as late as 1995.
[24]
Comico's line ended in 1997 with
Elementals Sex Special
vol. 2, #2, illustrated by
Frank Quitely
and
Elementals: The Vampires Revenge
#2, the second installment of a four-issue limited series starring the spin-off character Ratman, illustrated by Kelly McQuain.
CO
2
Comics
[
edit
]
In July 2009, Comico co-founders Gerry Giovinco and Bill Cucinotta announced the launch of the
webcomics
site CO
2
Comics.
[25]
The site hosted several of the comics from the
Comico Primer
, including work by Reggie Byers,
Bernie Mireault
, Rich Rankin, and Neil Vokes.
[15]
As of May 2022, the website is no longer online.
[26]
Titles published
[
edit
]
Original titles
[
edit
]
- Comico Christmas Special
(1988), #1
- Comico Primer
(1982?1984), #1?6
- Elementals
- v1 (1984?1988), #1?29 (continued from Texas Comics)
- v2 (1989?1993), #1?26
- v3 (1995?1996), #1?3
- Elementals Sex Special
v1 (1991?1993), #1?4
- Elementals Sex Special
v2 (1996?1997), #1?2
- Elementals: Ghost of a Chance
(1995), #1
- Elementals: How the War was Won
(1996), #1?2
- Elementals: The Natural Order
(1988), TPB (collects
Justice Machine Annual
#1 from Texas Comics and v1 #1?5)
- Elementals: The Vampires Revenge
(1996), #1?2
- Elementals: Vortex
(1991?1992), #1?2
- Evangeline
(1984), #1?2 (continued at
First Comics
)
- Grendel
- v1 (1984?1984), #1?3
- v2 (1986?1990), #1?40
- Mage: The Hero Discovered
(1984?1986), #1?15 (continued at
Image Comics
)
- Silverback
(1989), #1?3
Other titles (selected)
[
edit
]
- The Amazon
(1989), #1?3
- Bloodscent
(1988), #1
- AZ
(1983), #1?2
- E-Man
- v3 (1989), #1 (from
First Comics
)
- v4 (1989?1990), #1?4 (continued at Alpha Productions)
- Empire Lanes: Arrival
(1990), TPB (as Keyline Books; collects
Empire Lanes
(1986), #1?4 from Northern Lights Publishing)
- ESC
(1996), #1?2
- Fish Police
- Ginger Fox
(1988), #1?4
- Gumby
- Gumby's Summer Fun Special
(1987), #1
- Gumby's Winter Fun Special
(1988), #1
- The Jam, Urban Adventure: Super Cool Color Injected Turbo Adventure from Hell
(1988), #1
- Jezebel Jade
(1988), #1?3
- Jonny Quest
- Jonny Quest
(1986?1987), #1?31
- Jonny Quest Classic
(1987), #1?3
- Jonny Quest Special
(1988), #1?2
- Justice Machine
- Justice Machine featuring The Elementals
(1986), #1?4
- Justice Machine
v2 (1987?1989), #1?29
- Justice Machine Annual
(1989), #1
- The Maze Agency
(1988?1989), #1?7 (continued at
Innovation
)
- Next Man
(1985), #1?5
- Ribit!
(1989), #1-4 by
Frank Thorne
- Robotech
- Robotech: Macross Saga
(1984?1988), #1?36
- Robotech: Masters
(1985?1988), #1?23
- Robotech: The New Generation
(1985?1988), #1?25
- Robotech: The Graphic Novel
(1986), TPB
- Robotech in 3-D
(1987), #1
- The Rocketeer
Adventure Magazine
(1988?1989), #1?2 (continued at
Dark Horse
)
- Sam & Max
, Freelance Police Special
(1989), #1
- Skrog
(1983), #1
- Star Blazers
(1987), #1?4
- Space Ghost
(1987), #1
- Strike Force America
(1992), #1
- Trollords
(1988?1989), #1?4 (from Tru Studios, continued at Apple Press)
- The Trouble with Girls
(1989), #1?4 (from Eternity, continued at Eternity)
- The World of Ginger Fox
(1986), graphic novel
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Mark Hamlin: A Rap with a Sales Rep".
Comics Interview
. No. 10.
Fictioneer Books
. Jun 1984.
- ^
Campbell, Josie (March 11, 2015).
"EXCLUSIVE: After 25 Years at Dark Horse, Retiring Schutz Explains Why She's Done Chasing Deadlines"
.
Comic Book Resources
.
Archived
from the original on September 23, 2021
. Retrieved
September 23,
2021
.
- ^
"New Publishers Proliferate in Summer",
The Comics Journal
#75 (September 1982), p. 19.
- ^
"
Evangeline
Caught in Ownership Dispute",
The Comics Journal
#97 (April 1985), pp. 13?14.
- ^
a
b
"Changes at Comico:
Evangeline
and
Next Man
Out,
Elementals
In",
The Comics Journal
#103 (November 1985), pp. 11?12.
- ^
Elliot, Brad (Summer 1987). Thompson, Kim (ed.). "Max Headroom 3-D".
Amazing Heroes Preview Special
. No. 5.
Fantagraphics
. p. 78.
- ^
a
b
Willingham, Bill (October 2006).
"The Bill Willingham Interview (Part 2 of 4)"
.
The Comics Journal
. Interviewed by Dirk Deppey – via tcj.com.
[
dead link
]
- ^
"Comico Owes Printer $700,000",
The Comics Journal
#118 (December 1987), pp. 11?12.
- ^
"Comico Hits Bookstores",
The Comics Journal
#123 (July 1988), p. 14.
- ^
"DC to Publish, Distribute Comico",
The Comics Journal
#126 (January 1989), pp. 17?19.
- ^
"Comico Cancels Half Its Line",
The Comics Journal
#128 (April 1989), pp. 5?6.
- ^
"Three Former Comico Titles Find New Homes",
The Comics Journal
#129 (May 1989), pp. 13?14: about
Fish Police
,
Trollords
, and
The Trouble with Girls
; and
The Maze Agency
, which had not yet found a new publisher.
- ^
"Comico Suspends Operations",
The Comics Journal
#138 (October 1990), p. 8.
- ^
"Comico Sold",
The Comics Journal
#137 (September 1990), pp. 9?10.
- ^
a
b
"Comico 2.0? Company founders return on the web"
. Comic Book Resources. 2009-07-06.
Archived
from the original on 2022-02-02
. Retrieved
2022-04-02
.
- ^
"Comico's Comeback",
The Comics Journal
#139 (December 1990), p. 8.
- ^
"Newswatch: Whither Comico?"
The Comics Journal
#140 (February 1991), p. 12.
- ^
a
b
"Newswatch: Rev Keeps Comico, Buys Into Northstar",
The Comics Journal
#141 (April 1991), p. 20.
- ^
"Newswatch:
Grendel
to Get New Home?",
The Comics Journal
#145 (October 1991), p. 28.
- ^
"
Batman/Grendel
Series Moving Ahead",
The Comics Journal
#158 (April 1993), pp. 26.
- ^
Robinson, Tasha (2007-08-06).
"Bill Willingham"
. The A.V. Club.
Archived
from the original on 2022-04-02
. Retrieved
2022-04-02
.
- ^
"Caveat Creator: Creators Accuse Independent Publishers of Untimely Payment",
The Comics Journal
#156 (February 1993), pp. 18?20.
- ^
"Newswatch: Comico Revs Up for Return",
The Comics Journal
#175 (March 1995), pp. 26?27.
- ^
"Northstar"
.
Grand Comics Database
. Retrieved
2023-05-23
.
- ^
"A Q&A with CO2 Comics' Gerry Giovinco"
. Geekadelphia. 1 November 2012.
Archived
from the original on 3 May 2023
. Retrieved
11 September
2018
.
- ^
"Welcome co2comics.com - Hostmonster.com"
. Archived from
the original
on 2022-05-22
. Retrieved
2022-05-04
.
Sources
[
edit
]
- Bill Cucinotta and Gerry Giovinco interview,
David Anthony Kraft's Comics Interview
#5 (July 1983).
External links
[
edit
]