City in the Mexican state of Guerrero
City in Guerrero, Mexico
Chilpancingo, Guerrero
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Chilpancingo de los Bravo
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Above, from left to right:
Downtown, Chilpancingo Francisco Assisi Church, Tehuacalco archaeological site, The Civic Plaza "First Congress of Anahuac", Chilpancingo Saint Mary Cathedral, Museo de Regional de Guerrero (Regional Museum of Guerrero), Chilpancingo City Hall and the judiciary.
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Coat of arms
|
Nickname:
Ciudad Bravo
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Coordinates:
17°33′N
99°30′W
/
17.550°N 99.500°W
/
17.550; -99.500
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Country
| Mexico
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State
| Guerrero
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Municipality
| Chilpancingo de los Bravo
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Founded
| 1 November 1591
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|
? Mayor
| Norma Otilia Hernandez Martinez
(2021-2024,
Morena
)
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? Municipality
| 2,338.4 km
2
(902.86 sq mi)
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Elevation
| 1,253 m (4,111 ft)
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|
? Total
| 187,251
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? Municipality
| 214,219
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?
Demonym
| Chilpancingueno
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Time zone
| UTC?6
(
CST
)
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Postal code
| 39000
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Area code
| 747
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Website
| chilpancingo.gob.mx
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Chilpancingo de los Bravo
(commonly shortened to
Chilpancingo
;
Spanish pronunciation:
[t?ilpan?siŋ?o]
ⓘ
;
Nahuatl
: Chilpantzinco (
pronounced
[t??i?pan?t?siŋko]
)) is the capital and second-largest city of the
Mexican state
of
Guerrero
. In 2010 it had a population of 187,251 people. The municipality has an area of 2,338.4 km
2
(902.9 sq mi) in the south-central part of the state, situated in the
Sierra Madre del Sur
mountains, on the bank of the
Huacapa River
.
[1]
The city is on
Federal Highway 95
, which connects
Acapulco
to
Mexico City
. It is served by
Chilpancingo National Airport
, which is one of the five airports in the state.
History
[
edit
]
In pre-Columbian times, the area was occupied by the
Olmecs
, who built an extensive tunnel network through the mountains, and left the cave paintings in the caverns of
Juxtlahuaca
.
[1]
The city of Chilpancingo was founded on 1 November 1591 by the Spanish
conquistadores
, its name meaning "Place of Wasps" in Nahuatl.
[1]
During the
War of Independence
, Chilpancingo was crucial to the insurgent cause as its population participated actively and decisively in their favor, and it became a strategic point for military action in the south. Chilpancingo was very important to Mexican history because it was here where the
National Congress
met under
Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon
in 1813 during the War of Independence.
[2]
General
Nicolas Catalan
, husband of the independence war heroine
Antonia Nava de Catalan
, was made commander of the state of Guerrero on 24 January 1828. The family settled in Chilpancingo, where both Nicolas and Antonia later died.
[3]
In 1853, Chilpancingo was declared the provisional capital of the state, due to an epidemic that struck the then capital of
Tixtla
, and regional ecclesiastical organizational changes were made at the same time.
[4]
In 1870 it was again declared capital by Governor Francisco O. Arce, due to the opposition led by General Jimenez, who was in possession of the official seat of government at Tixtla. It was not until 1871, when the state legislature agreed to a change of venue, that the capital was moved again from Chilpancingo.
[5]
During the
Mexican Revolution
, Chilpancingo was deeply troubled and had political and administrative importance as a strategic place for the sides in the debate. Battles took place in the vicinity in the 1910s, in which
Emiliano Zapata
defeated federal forces of
Porfirio Diaz
,
Francisco I. Madero
,
Victoriano Huerta
and
Venustiano Carranza
. A major defeat of Huerta's southern forces took place here in March-April 1914;
[6]
the Zapatistas took the town until after the
1917 Constitutional Convention
.
In 1960, the city entered a severe social crisis with the start of a student popular movement at the
Autonomous University of Guerrero
, protests which led to a general strike at the institution and later swarmed to various forces and social sectors of the city and the state.
[7]
The main objective was to diminish the power of the state government and seek autonomy for the college. On 27 April 2009 an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.6 was centered near Chilpancingo.
[8]
Geography
[
edit
]
Climate
[
edit
]
The climate of Chilpacingo is classified as a
tropical savanna climate
("
Aw
"). There is some moderation due to high elevation, but high temperatures are still in the upper 20s °C (80s °F) for most of the year.
Climate data for Chilpancingo de los Bravo (1951?2010)
|
Month
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Year
|
Record high °C (°F)
|
35.0
(95.0)
|
35.0
(95.0)
|
37.0
(98.6)
|
38.2
(100.8)
|
39.0
(102.2)
|
37.5
(99.5)
|
37.0
(98.6)
|
35.5
(95.9)
|
34.0
(93.2)
|
34.0
(93.2)
|
34.0
(93.2)
|
32.5
(90.5)
|
39.0
(102.2)
|
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
|
27.9
(82.2)
|
28.6
(83.5)
|
30.2
(86.4)
|
31.2
(88.2)
|
31.3
(88.3)
|
28.9
(84.0)
|
27.9
(82.2)
|
28.3
(82.9)
|
27.6
(81.7)
|
28.1
(82.6)
|
28.3
(82.9)
|
27.7
(81.9)
|
28.8
(83.8)
|
Daily mean °C (°F)
|
19.5
(67.1)
|
20.2
(68.4)
|
21.5
(70.7)
|
23.1
(73.6)
|
24.0
(75.2)
|
23.2
(73.8)
|
22.5
(72.5)
|
22.7
(72.9)
|
22.3
(72.1)
|
22.1
(71.8)
|
21.2
(70.2)
|
19.8
(67.6)
|
21.8
(71.2)
|
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
|
11.1
(52.0)
|
11.8
(53.2)
|
12.9
(55.2)
|
14.9
(58.8)
|
16.6
(61.9)
|
17.5
(63.5)
|
17.0
(62.6)
|
17.0
(62.6)
|
16.9
(62.4)
|
16.0
(60.8)
|
14.0
(57.2)
|
11.9
(53.4)
|
14.8
(58.6)
|
Record low °C (°F)
|
2.0
(35.6)
|
2.0
(35.6)
|
1.5
(34.7)
|
9.0
(48.2)
|
8.5
(47.3)
|
10.5
(50.9)
|
11.0
(51.8)
|
12.0
(53.6)
|
10.0
(50.0)
|
9.0
(48.2)
|
5.5
(41.9)
|
4.0
(39.2)
|
1.5
(34.7)
|
Average
precipitation
mm (inches)
|
17.8
(0.70)
|
3.1
(0.12)
|
2.8
(0.11)
|
17.2
(0.68)
|
63.1
(2.48)
|
162.4
(6.39)
|
191.1
(7.52)
|
152.7
(6.01)
|
165.8
(6.53)
|
78.1
(3.07)
|
16.9
(0.67)
|
2.8
(0.11)
|
873.8
(34.40)
|
Average precipitation days
(≥ 0.1 mm)
|
1.4
|
0.9
|
0.6
|
1.9
|
6.6
|
16.1
|
21.1
|
19.1
|
18.2
|
9.1
|
2.0
|
0.8
|
97.8
|
Average
relative humidity
(%)
|
75
|
73
|
70
|
69
|
73
|
82
|
84
|
84
|
87
|
82
|
78
|
76
|
77
|
Mean monthly
sunshine hours
|
213.9
|
211.9
|
232.5
|
195.0
|
176.7
|
147.0
|
164.3
|
170.5
|
135.0
|
179.8
|
198.0
|
201.5
|
2,226.1
|
Source 1: Servicio Meteorologico Nacional
[9]
[10]
|
Source 2:
Deutscher Wetterdienst
(sun and humidity 1941?1970)
[11]
|
Economy
[
edit
]
In 1869, the
Autonomous University of Guerrero
was established in Chilpancingo; it still plays a considerable role in the local economy.
The city is a producer of processed foods and alcoholic beverages, and is a market for maize, sugarcane, bananas, livestock, and lumber produced in the region.
[1]
Archaeology
[
edit
]
Pezuapan
is an archaeological site located in the city of Chilpancingo.
[12]
It sits on the eastern slope of the Chilpancingo valley. The archaeological vestiges found at the site cover the total area of 4000 m². The dates are from 650 AD to 1150 AD.
Other archaeological sites found in this area of Guerrero are:
Government
[
edit
]
Twin towns ? sister cities
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
"Chilpancingo"
.
Encyclopædia Britannica
. Retrieved
18 September
2014
.
- ^
Mills, Kenneth R.; Taylor, William B.; Graham, Sandra Lauderdale (1 January 2002).
Colonial Latin America: A Documentary History
. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 397.
ISBN
978-0-8420-2997-1
.
- ^
Acuna Cepeda, Mirtea Elizabeth (19 November 2017),
"Antonia Nava de Catalan, la Generala"
,
Ecos de la Costa
(in Spanish), archived from
the original
on 1 December 2017
, retrieved
2017-11-28
- ^
Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
. American Philosophical Society. 1966. p. 7.
ISBN
9781422374764
.
ISSN
0065-9746
.
- ^
"Chilpancingo de los Bravo"
(in Spanish). Enciclopedia de los Municipios de Mexico. Archived from
the original
on 5 November 2013
. Retrieved
18 September
2014
.
- ^
O'Kane, Rosemary H. T. (2000).
Revolution: Critical Concepts in Political Science
. Taylor & Francis. p. 127.
ISBN
978-0-415-20135-3
.
- ^
Selee, Andrew D. (2011).
Decentralization, Democratization, and Informal Power in Mexico
. Penn State Press. p. 83.
ISBN
978-0-271-04843-7
.
- ^
"Mexico Earthquake: Felt In Mexico City, Centered Near Chilpancingo"
.
Huffington Post
. 28 May 2009
. Retrieved
18 September
2014
.
- ^
"Estado de Guerrero?Estacion: Chilpancingo (DGE)"
.
NORMALES CLIMATOLOGICAS 1951?2010
(in Spanish). Servicio Meteorologico Nacional. Archived from
the original
on March 28, 2020
. Retrieved
January 30,
2016
.
- ^
"Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Chilpancingo (DGE) 1953-1991"
(in Spanish). Servicio Meteorologico Nacional. Archived from
the original
on March 28, 2020
. Retrieved
January 30,
2016
.
- ^
"Klimatafel von Chilpancingo Los Bravos, Guerrero / Mexiko"
(PDF)
.
Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world
(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst
. Retrieved
January 30,
2016
.
- ^
Reyna Beatriz SOLIS CIRIACO, Herve Victor MONTERROSA DESRUELLES,
Malacological Material from Pezuapan's Archaeological site, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
.
2010
External links
[
edit
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International
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National
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Geographic
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