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Charente-Maritime

Coordinates : 45°57′N 0°58′W  /  45.950°N 0.967°W  / 45.950; -0.967
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Charente-Maritime
Departement of France
Prefecture building in La Rochelle
Prefecture building in La Rochelle
Flag of Charente-Maritime
Flag
Coat of arms of Charente-Maritime
Coat of arms
Location of Charente-Maritime in France
Location of Charente-Maritime in France
Coordinates: 45°57′N 0°58′W  /  45.950°N 0.967°W  / 45.950; -0.967
Country France
Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Prefecture La Rochelle
Subprefectures Jonzac
Rochefort
Saintes
Saint-Jean-d'Angely
Government
 ?  President of the Departmental Council Sylvie Marcilly [1] ( DVD )
Area
1
 ? Total 6,864 km 2 (2,650 sq mi)
Population
  (2021) [2]
 ? Total 661,404
 ? Rank 40th
 ? Density 96/km 2 (250/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+1 ( CET )
 ? Summer ( DST ) UTC+2 ( CEST )
Area code FR-17
Department number 17
Arrondissements 5
Cantons 27
Communes 463
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km 2

Charente-Maritime ( French pronunciation: [?a???t ma?itim] ⓘ ; Poitevin-Saintongeais : Cherente-Marine ; Occitan : Charanta Maritima ) is a departement in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region on the southwestern coast of France . Named after the river Charente , its prefecture is La Rochelle . As of 2019, it had a population of 651,358 with an area of 6,864 square kilometres (2,650 sq mi). [3]

History [ edit ]

Charente-Maritime and the former provinces composing it, mostly Saintonge and Aunis
Map of 'Charente-Inferieure' in the 19th century

Previously a part of the provinces of Saintonge and Aunis , Charente-Inferieure was one of the 83 original departement created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. [4] On 4 September 1941, during World War II, it was renamed as Charente-Maritime. [5]

When the departement was first organised, the commune of Saintes was designated as the prefecture of the departement (Saintes had previously been the capital of Saintonge ). This changed in 1810 when Napoleon passed an imperial decree to move the prefecture to La Rochelle . [6]

During World War II , the departement was invaded by the German Army and became part of occupied France . [7] To provide defence against a possible beach landing by the Allies , the Organisation Todt constructed a number of sea defences in the area. [8] Defences such as pillboxes are particularly noticeable on the beaches of the presqu'ile d' Arvert [9] and the island of Oleron . [10]

At the end of the war, the two last pockets of German resistance were both in this area: at La Rochelle in the north and Royan in the south. Despite Royan having been nearly destroyed during an RAF bombing raid on 5 January 1945, [11] the town was not liberated by the French Forces of the Interior until April of the same year. [12] La Rochelle was finally liberated on 9 May 1945. [13]

Geography [ edit ]

Sunset in Meschers-sur-Gironde in Charente-Maritime

Charente-Maritime is part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine administrative region. It is surrounded by the departements of Gironde , Charente , Deux-Sevres , Dordogne and Vendee . It has a land area of 6864 km 2 and 651,358 inhabitants as of 2019. [3]

The important rivers are the Charente and its tributaries, the Boutonne and the Seugne , along with the Sevre Niortaise , the Seudre and the Garonne , in its downstream part, which is the estuary of the Gironde .

The departement includes the islands of Ile de Re , Ile d'Aix , Ile d'Oleron and Ile Madame .

The departement forms the northern part of the Aquitaine Basin . It is separated from the Massif Armoricain by the Marais Poitevin to the north-west and from the Parisian basin by the Seuil du Poitou to the north-east. The highest point in the departement is in the woods of Chantemerliere, near the commune of Contre in the north-east, and rises to 173 m. [14]

Administrative borders [ edit ]

Direction Neighbour
North Vendee of Pays de la Loire and Deux-Sevres
East Charente and Dordogne
West Atlantic Ocean
South Gironde and Gironde estuary

Principal towns [ edit ]

The most populous commune is La Rochelle , the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 7 communes with more than 8,000 inhabitants: [15]

Commune Population (2019)
La Rochelle 77,205
Saintes 25,287
Rochefort 23,584
Royan 18,419
Aytre 9,247
Perigny 8,684
Tonnay-Charente 8,097

Climate [ edit ]

The climate is mild and sunny, with less than 900 mm of precipitation per year [16] and with insolation being remarkably high, in fact, the highest in Western France including southernmost sea resorts such as Biarritz . [17] Average extreme temperatures vary from 39 °C (102 °F) [18] in summer to ?5 °C (23 °F) in winter (as of 2022). [19]

Economy [ edit ]

The economy of Charente-Maritime is based on three major sectors: tourism , maritime industry , and manufacturing . Cognac and pineau are two of the major agricultural products with maize and sunflowers being the others. [20]

During the summer months, families flock from all over Europe to bask in the sun and enjoy the local seafood. Royan , popular for its extensive beaches and attractions, is one of the most famous seaside resort of atlantic coast.

Charente-Maritime is the headquarters of the major oyster producer Marennes-Oleron. [21] Oysters cultivated here are shipped across Europe.

Rochefort is a shipbuilding site and has been a major French naval base since 1665. [22]

La Rochelle is a seat of major French industry. Just outside the city, in Aytre , is a factory for the French engineering giant Alstom , where the TGV , the cars for the Paris and other metros are manufactured (see fr:Alstom Aytre ). [23] It is a popular venue for tourism, with its picturesque medieval harbour and city walls.

Demographics [ edit ]

The inhabitants of the departement are called Charentais-Maritimes .

Historical population
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1791 438,042 ?    
1801 399,162 ?0.93%
1806 405,592 +0.32%
1821 409,477 +0.06%
1831 445,249 +0.84%
1841 460,245 +0.33%
1851 469,992 +0.21%
1861 481,060 +0.23%
1872 465,653 ?0.30%
1881 466,416 +0.02%
1891 456,202 ?0.22%
1901 452,149 ?0.09%
1911 451,044 ?0.02%
1921 418,310 ?0.75%
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1931 415,249 ?0.07%
1936 419,021 +0.18%
1946 416,187 ?0.07%
1954 447,973 +0.92%
1962 470,897 +0.63%
1968 483,622 +0.45%
1975 497,859 +0.42%
1982 513,220 +0.44%
1990 527,146 +0.34%
1999 557,024 +0.61%
2006 598,915 +1.04%
2011 625,682 +0.88%
2016 642,191 +0.52%
Sources: [24] [25]

Politics [ edit ]

Departmental Council of Charente-Maritime [ edit ]

Main article: Departmental Council of Charente-Maritime
Political map of the cantons of Charente-Maritime following the 2021 departmental elections.

The President of the Departmental Council has been Dominique Bussereau ( LR ) since 2008. [26] He was replaced by Sylvie Marcilly after the departmental elections of June 2021 . [27] [28]

National representation [ edit ]

In the 2022 legislative election , Charente-Maritime elected the following members of the National Assembly :

Constituency Member [29] Party
Charente-Maritime's 1st constituency Olivier Falorni DVG
Charente-Maritime's 2nd constituency Anne-Laure Babault MoDem
Charente-Maritime's 3rd constituency Jean-Philippe Ardouin LREM
Charente-Maritime's 4th constituency Raphael Gerard LREM
Charente-Maritime's 5th constituency Christophe Plassard H

In the Senate , Charente-Maritime is represented by three members : Daniel Laurent (since 2008), Corinne Imbert (since 2014) and Mickael Vallet (since 2020). [30]

Tourism [ edit ]

Popular destinations include La Rochelle , Royan , Saintes , Saint-Jean-d'Angely , Rochefort , the Ile d'Aix , Ile de Re and Ile d'Oleron .

The department is served by the TGV at Surgeres and La Rochelle . It can also be reached by motorway by the A10 (E5, Paris- Bordeaux ) and A837 (E602, Saintes-Rochefort).

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ "Repertoire national des elus: les conseillers departementaux" . data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des donnees publiques francaises (in French). 4 May 2022.
  2. ^ "Telechargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations legales en 2021" . The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies . 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Comparateur de territoires ? Departement de la Charente-Maritime (17) | Insee" . www.insee.fr . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  4. ^ "Doc du mois : 1790 - la naissance des Departements | La Charente-Maritime - 17" . la.charente-maritime.fr (in French). Archived from the original on 9 July 2022 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  5. ^ Bregowy, Philippe (24 August 2019). "Le jour ou... La Charente-Inferieure est devenue Maritime" . Sud-Ouest (in French). ISSN   1760-6454 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  6. ^ Annales forestieres (in French). 1810. p. 341.
  7. ^ Combes, Jean; Luc, Albert-Michel. La Charente-Maritime dans la guerre 1939-1945 - Albert-Michel Luc (in French).
  8. ^ B.Fleury (30 October 2019). "Aux abords de Royan : des blockhaus qui se fondent dans le paysage" . Des murs a lire (in French) . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  9. ^ "La liberation de la poche de Royan - Le Journal des Proprietaires" . www.lacotedebeaute.info . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  10. ^ "Station radar de Chassiron (Ro 518 ? Rebhurn)" (in French) . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  11. ^ "Station radar de Chassiron (Ro 518 ? Rebhurn)" (in French) . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  12. ^ "Pourquoi Royan a ete bombarde en 1945 ? - Destination Royan Atlantique" . Site officiel Destination Royan Atlantique (in French). 11 May 2019 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  13. ^ "La Liberation de Royan avril 1945" . www.c-royan.com (in French) . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  14. ^ "Centre Regional Resistance & Liberte - la poche de La Rochelle" . www.crrl.fr (in French). 29 April 2015 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  15. ^ Populations legales 2019: 17 Charente-Maritime , INSEE
  16. ^ Bry, Christian; Hoflack, Paul (2004). "Le bassin versant de la Charente : une illustration des problemes poses par la gestion quantitative de l'eau" (PDF) . Courrier de l'Environnement de l'INRA (52): 82 – via HAL .
  17. ^ Demagny, Xavier (18 June 2022). "Canicule : pres de 43°C a Biarritz, de nouveaux records de chaleur battus samedi" . Radio France (in French) . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  18. ^ "Historique meteo Charente-Maritime (Juin 2022)" . www.terre-net.fr . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  19. ^ "Historique meteo Charente-Maritime (Janvier 2022)" . www.terre-net.fr . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  20. ^ "Agriculture de la Charente-Maritime" . charente-maritime.chambre-agriculture.fr (in French). 16 September 2021 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  21. ^ "Que faire a Marennes et ses environs ?" . Infiniment charentes (in French) . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  22. ^ Acerra, Martine (21 December 2011). "La creation de l'arsenal de Rochefort" . Dix-Septieme Siecle (in French). 253 (4): 671?676. doi : 10.3917/dss.114.0671 . ISSN   0012-4273 .
  23. ^ Mankowski, Thomas (17 October 2021). "Charente-Maritime: sur le site d'Alstom Aytre, le pari gagne du tramway" . Sud-Ouest (in French). ISSN   1760-6454 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  24. ^ "Historique de la Charente-Maritime" . Le SPLAF .
  25. ^ "Evolution et structure de la population en 2016" . INSEE.
  26. ^ "Dominique Bussereau se met en retrait de la vie politique" . La Croix (in French). 27 July 2021. ISSN   0242-6056 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  27. ^ "Le sacre de Sylvie Marcilly, nouvelle presidente du Conseil Departemental de Charente-Maritime" . France 3 Nouvelle-Aquitaine (in French). July 2021 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  28. ^ "Sylvie Marcilly est la nouvelle presidente du departement de la Charente-Maritime" . ici, par France Bleu et France 3 (in French). 1 July 2021 . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  29. ^ "Charente-Maritime : Carte des circonscriptions - Assemblee nationale" . www2.assemblee-nationale.fr . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .
  30. ^ "Liste par departement - Senat" . www.senat.fr . Retrieved 9 July 2022 .

External links [ edit ]

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