Chairman of the National Assembly of Vietnam

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Chairman of the National Assembly of Vietnam
Ch? t?ch Qu?c h?i n??c C?ng hoa xa h?i ch? ngh?a Vi?t Nam
Logo of National Assembly of Vietnam
Incumbent
Tr?n Thanh M?n
since 20 May 2024
Type Presiding officer
Appointer National Assembly
Term length Five years, renewable
Inaugural holder Nguy?n V?n T?
Formation 2 March 1946 ; 78 years ago  ( 1946-03-02 )
Salary 15,125,000 ? monthly [1]

The Chairman of the National Assembly of Vietnam ( Vietnamese : Ch? t?ch Qu?c h?i Vi?t Nam ), [note_5] formerly designated as the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly of Vietnam ( Vietnamese : Ch? t?ch ?y ban Th??ng v? Qu?c h?i Vi?t Nam ) from 1946 to 1981, is the legislative speaker of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam , presiding over the National Assembly . The National Assembly is, in the words of the constitution , "the highest representative organ of the people; the highest organ of state power ". [2]

The chairman is elected by the deputies ( members ) of the National Assembly in the first season of the assembly's tenure. The Standing Committee , over which the chairman presides, is a permanent body in charge of the National Assembly's activities when it is not in session. The chairman and the other members of the Standing Committee have to resign from their posts when the National Assembly dissolves itself, which it normally does every five years. [3] The chairman presides over the sessions of the National Assembly and authenticates laws and resolutions passed by the National Assembly by signing them. The chairman leads the activities of the Standing Committee and organises its external relations with other state bodies and is responsible for maintaining cordial relations between the members of the Standing Committee. [4] The deputies of the National Assembly have the right to question the chairman. [5]

The powers and prestige of the office of chairman has varied throughout the years. For instance, the two first officeholders Nguy?n V?n T? and Bui B?ng đoan were not members of the Communist Party , while Tr??ng Chinh , the fourth chairman, was ranked second in the Politburo hierarchy. Still, of the ten people who have chaired the National Assembly, five of them have been members of the Politburo. The current chairman is V??ng đinh Hu? , [6] and he is ranked third in the Politburo hierarchy. [note 1]

History [ edit ]

The first chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly was the scholar Nguy?n V?n T?; he was not a member of the Communist Party. On 3 March 1946, under the chairmanship of Nguy?n V?n T?, the National Assembly formed the first government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam . [7] Nguy?n V?n T? was succeeded in office on 9 November 1946 by Bui B?ng đoan , a poet and another non-Communist Party member. While he was never a member of the Communist Party, he was a committed revolutionary. [8] Ton đ?c Th?ng succeeded Bui B?ng đoan as chairman in 1955, and was the first chairman to be a member of the Communist Party. [9] Tr??ng Chinh became the fourth and longest-serving chairman of the National Assembly in Vietnamese history, holding the post from 1960 to 1981, when he became chairman of the State Council, a newly established post. [10] Nguy?n H?u Th? , a Southerner, succeeded Tr??ng in 1981, as chairman, but he was not a member of the Politburo . Nguy?n H?u Th? stepped down as chairman in 1987, and was succeeded by Le Quang đ?o , another non-Politburo member. As with Nguy?n H?u Th?, Le Quang đ?o's tenure lasted one term. [11] Nong đ?c M?nh was elected chairman in 1992, and held office until 2001 Nong was the first chairman who came from a minority background, the Tay , and was the first chairman since Tr??ng who was a Politburo member. [12] Nong stepped down in 2001, and was succeeded by Nguy?n V?n An , who served as chairman from 2001 until 2006. [13] On 26 June 2006 Nguy?n Phu Tr?ng was elected chairman with a majority of 84.58% of the National Assembly deputies in favour. [14] Nguy?n Phu Tr?ng stepped down in 2011 because of his election to the post of General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam , [15] and was succeeded by Nguy?n Sinh Hung. Nguy?n Sinh Hung stepped down on 31 March 2016, and was replaced by Nguy?n Th? Kim Ngan . [16] She's the first woman to hold the office. [16] Nguy?n Th? Kim Ngan stepped down on 31 March 2021, and was replaced by V??ng đinh Hu? . On 2 May 2024, V??ng đinh Hu? was dismissed, and National Assembly Standing Vice Chairman Tr?n Thanh M?n was assigned to become the acting chairman. [17]

List [ edit ]

Number
[note 2] 		Portrait Name
(Birth?Death) 		Took office Left office Political party National Assembly
Heads of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1945?60)
1 Nguy?n V?n T?
(1889?1947) 		2 March 1946 8 November 1946 Independent National Assembly I
(1946?60)
2 Bui B?ng đoan
(1889?1955) 		9 November 1946 13 April 1955 Independent
?
[note 4] 		Ton đ?c Th?ng
(1888?1980) 		1 August 1948 20 September 1955 Communist Party of Indochina (until 1951)
Worker's Party of Vietnam (since 1951)
3 20 September 1955 15 July 1960
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1960?76)
4 A bald man, wearing a white T-shirt Tr??ng Chinh
(1907?1988) 		15 July 1960 2 July 1976 Worker's Party of Vietnam National Assembly II
(1960?64)
National Assembly III
(1964?71)
National Assembly IV
(1971?75)
National Assembly V
(1975?76)
Chairmen of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (1976?present)
4 A bald man, wearing a white T-shirt Tr??ng Chinh
(1907?1988) 		2 July 1976 4 July 1981 Communist Party of Vietnam National Assembly VI
(1976?81)
5 Nguy?n H?u Th?
(1910?1996) 		4 July 1981 18 June 1987 Communist Party of Vietnam National Assembly VII
(1981?87)
6 Lieutenant general Le Quang đ?o
(1921?1999) 		18 June 1987 23 September 1992 Communist Party of Vietnam National Assembly VIII
(1987?92)
7 a man with greying black hair, wearing a suit and tie Nong đ?c M?nh
(1940?) 		23 September 1992 27 June 2001 Communist Party of Vietnam National Assembly IX
(1992?97)
National Assembly X
(1997?2002)
8 a man with white hair, wearing a suit and tie Nguy?n V?n An
(1937?) 		27 June 2001 26 June 2006 Communist Party of Vietnam National Assembly XI
(2002?07)
9 a smiling man with greying black hair, wearing a suit and tie Nguy?n Phu Tr?ng
(1944?) 		26 June 2006 23 July 2011 Communist Party of Vietnam
National Assembly XII
(2007?11)
10 a smiling nearly bald man, wearing glasses, a suit and a blue tie, back him is flag of India Nguy?n Sinh Hung
(1946?) 		23 July 2011 31 March 2016 Communist Party of Vietnam National Assembly XIII
(2011?16)
11 Nguy?n Th? Kim Ngan
(1954?) 		31 March 2016 31 March 2021 Communist Party of Vietnam
National Assembly XIV
(2016?21)
12 V??ng đinh Hu?
(1957?) 		31 March 2021 02 May 2024 Communist Party of Vietnam
National Assembly XV
(2021?26)
? Tr?n Thanh M?n
(1962?) 		02 May 2024 20 May 2024 Communist Party of Vietnam
20 May 2024 Incumbent
13

Notes [ edit ]

1. ^ The Politburo of the Central Committee is the highest decision-making body of the CPV and the Central Government . The membership composition, and the order of rank of the individual Politburo members is decided in an election within the newly formed Central Committee in the aftermath of a Party Congress. [18] The Central Committee can overrule the Politburo, but that does not happen often.
2. ^ These numbers are not official.
3. ^ The Central Committee when it convenes for its first session after being elected by a National Party Congress elects the Politburo. [18] According to David Koh, in interviews with several high-standing Vietnamese officials, the Politburo ranking is based upon the number of approval votes by the Central Committee. Le H?ng Anh , the Minister of Public Security , was ranked 2nd in the 10th Politburo because he received the second-highest number of approval votes. Another example being To Huy R?a of the 10th Politburo, he was ranked lowest because he received the lowest approval vote of the 10th Central Committee when he stood for election for a seat in the Politburo. This system was implemented at the 1st plenum of the 10th Central Committee. [19] The Politburo ranking functioned as an official order of precedence before the 10th Party Congress, and some believe it still does. [18]
4. ^ Ton Duc Thang took over the vacant position of Bui Bang Doan as he was severely ill at that time, however Bui Bang Doan still held the title of Head of National Assembly until he died in 1955, hence Ton Duc Thang was acting Head of National Assembly during that period.
5. ^ less formally the National Assembly Chairman ( N.A. Chairman ; Vietnamese : Ch? t?ch Qu?c h?i , abbrev. CTQH ).

References [ edit ]

General
The number of chairmen of the National Assembly, their names, and when they took and left office, was taken from this source:

  • Staff writer. "Tim hi?u v? B?u c? đ?i bi?u QH va HđND qua cac th?i k?" [Learn about the Election of Deputies to the National Assembly and People's Councils at different times] (in Vietnamese). Medical College of Qu?ng Ninh. Archived from the original on 2013-06-02 . Retrieved 15 September 2012 .

Specific

  1. ^ "L??ng c?a Ch? t?ch n??c, Th? t??ng, Ch? t?ch Qu?c h?i la bao nhieu? - VTC News" . Bao VTC (in Vietnamese). 13 August 2016.
  2. ^ "Hi?n phap n?m 2013" . thuvienphapluat.vn . Retrieved 25 July 2021 .
  3. ^ "Political system" . Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . Retrieved 16 June 2012 .
  4. ^ "Article 92 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam" . Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . Retrieved 16 June 2012 .
  5. ^ "Article 98 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam" . Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . Retrieved 16 June 2012 .
  6. ^ "Hanoi Party chief takes over as National Assembly chairman" . Tuoi Tre News. 31 March 2021.
  7. ^ Hoang 2008 , p. 517.
  8. ^ Staff writer. "Bui B?ng đoan" (in Vietnamese). National Assembly of Vietnam . Archived from the original on 24 December 2012 . Retrieved 14 July 2012 .
  9. ^ Staff writer. "Danh sach U? vien U? ban Th??ng v? Qu?c h?i Khoa" [List of members of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly] (in Vietnamese). National Assembly of Vietnam . Archived from the original on 24 May 2013 . Retrieved 14 July 2012 .
  10. ^ Feldbrugge 1987 , p. 20.
  11. ^ Staff writer. "Qu?c h?i n??c ta qua cac k? b?u c?" [Elections of the National Assembly] (in Vietnamese). tapchicongsan.org.vn. Archived from the original on 1 April 2020 . Retrieved 14 July 2012 .
  12. ^ International Business Publications, USA 2007 , p. 78.
  13. ^ Singh & Thambipillai 2012 , p. 375.
  14. ^ Staff writer (26 June 2006). "New National Assembly chairman Nguyen Phu Trong inauguration" . vietbao.vn. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 14 July 2012 .
  15. ^ "Party Congress announces CPVCC Politburo members" . Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. 19 January 2011 . Retrieved 24 June 2012 .
  16. ^ a b "Vietnam police chief Tran Dai Quang sworn in as president" . BBC News . 2 April 2016 . Retrieved 2 April 2016 .
  17. ^ "Ong Tr?n Thanh M?n đi?u hanh Qu?c h?i" [Mr. Tran Thanh Man becomes acting chairman of the National Assembly]. VnExpress . 2 May 2024 . Retrieved 3 May 2024 .
  18. ^ a b c Van & Cooper 1983 , p. 69.
  19. ^ Koh 2008 , p. 666.

Bibliography [ edit ]

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