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Cerro de la Neblina

Coordinates : 00°53′11″N 65°59′22″W  /  0.88639°N 65.98944°W  / 0.88639; -65.98944
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cerro de la Neblina
Topographic map of the massif
Highest point
Elevation 2,995 m (9,826 ft) [1]
Coordinates 00°53′11″N 65°59′22″W  /  0.88639°N 65.98944°W  / 0.88639; -65.98944
Geography
Cerro de la Neblina is located in Venezuela
Cerro de la Neblina
Cerro de la Neblina
Location in Venezuela
Location Amazonas , Brazil / Amazonas , Venezuela

Cerro de la Neblina (lit. "Mountain of the Mist" [2] ), also known as Serra da Neblina in Brazil [3] and Sierra de la Neblina in Venezuela , [4] is a sandstone massif located in the northern Amazon Basin . It is a tilted, heavily eroded plateau , with a deep canyon in its central portion ( Canon Grande ), drained by the Baria River .

Most of the massif is in Venezuelan territory, but its southeastern ridge forms part of the Brazil?Venezuela border, and this ridge is where the highest point in the massif, Pico da Neblina , is located. At 2,995 metres (9,826 ft) above sea level , [1] [5] Pico da Neblina is also the highest point in the entire country of Brazil, the highest point in the Guiana Shield , and the highest South American mountain east of the Andes. [4] Pico da Neblina is inside Brazilian territory, but only a few hundred metres from the Venezuelan border.

The slightly lower Pico 31 de Marco or Pico Phelps , 2,974 metres (9,757 ft) a.s.l., [5] lies next to Pico da Neblina, on the precise international border. Pico 31 de Marco/Phelps is Brazil's second-highest mountain and the highest in Venezuela outside of the Andes . The massif's other named peaks include Pico Cardona , Pico Maguire , and Pico Zuloaga . [6] [7]

To the north of Cerro de la Neblina lie the smaller outcrops of Cerro Aracamuni and Cerro Avispa , both reaching approximately 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) in elevation. [4]

The massif was first explored in 1954 by an American expedition led by Bassett Maguire of the New York Botanical Garden that performed an aerial inspection and then climbed the massif's northwestern slopes. [6] [8] [9] In January 1999, a group of carnivorous plant enthusiasts climbed Pico da Neblina following a 30 km hike up the previously unexplored northeastern ridge. [10] In 1972, Maguireocharis neblinae Steyerm. in the family Rubiaceae , was published and named after the massif and the explorer, Bassett Maguire. [11]

Cerro de la Neblina is sometimes referred to as the Neblina Massif , [12] [13] though this term may also encompass Cerro Aracamuni and Cerro Avispa (a grouping of mountains more precisely known as the Neblina?Aracamuni Massif ). [4] The Neblina?Aracamuni Massif has a total summit area of roughly 473 km 2 (183 sq mi) and an estimated slope area of 1,515 km 2 (585 sq mi), of which Cerro de la Neblina accounts for 235 km 2 (91 sq mi) and 857 km 2 (331 sq mi), respectively. [4]

Maguire's passage to Venezuela was provided by Gulf Oil executive Willard F. Jones . [14]

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ a b [Anonymous] (13 September 2004). Four Brazilian peaks have their altitude changed . Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica.
  2. ^ Myers, C.W., E.E. Williams & R.W. McDiarmid (9 September 1993). A new anoline lizard ( Phenacosaurus ) from the highland of Cerro de la Neblina, southern Venezuela . American Museum Novitates , no. 3070: 1?15.
  3. ^ (in Portuguese) Cronemberger, F.M., P. Wallace, E. Bertold, R.R. de Oliveira & J. Bastos (2007). "Distribuicao espacial da familia Arecaceae na Serra da Neblina, Amazonia, Brasil" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. In: Anais do VIII Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, 23 a 28 de Setembro de 2007, Caxambu - MG . Sociedade de Ecologia do Brasil.
  4. ^ a b c d e Huber, O. (1995). Geographical and physical features. In: P.E. Berry, B.K. Holst & K. Yatskievych (eds.) Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Volume 1. Introduction. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. pp. 1?61.
  5. ^ a b "Geociencias: IBGE reve as altitudes de sete pontos culminantes" [Geosciences: IBGE revises the altitude of seven high points] (Press release) (in Portuguese). Brasilia: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). 2016-02-29 . Retrieved 2016-03-02 .
  6. ^ a b (in Spanish) Brewer-Carias, C. (2011?2012). La Neblina: el tepuy mas alto y remoto Archived 2014-10-31 at the Wayback Machine . Rio Verde 6 : 61?74.
  7. ^ (in Spanish) Brewer-Carias, C. (2012?2013). "Las plantas carnivoras de los tepuyes" (PDF) . Rio Verde 9 : 73?88.
  8. ^ Maguire, B. (January 1955). Cerro de la Neblina, Amazonas, Venezuela: a newly discovered sandstone mountain. Geographical Review 45 (1): 27?51. JSTOR   211728
  9. ^ Maguire, B. & J.J. Wurdack (October 1959). The position of Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela. [pp. 566?569] In: Geographical record. Geographical Review 49 (4): 563?588. JSTOR   212215
  10. ^ Rivadavia, F. (December 1999). Neblina expedition. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 28 (4): 122?124.
  11. ^ " Maguireocharis neblinae Steyerm. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science" . Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 21 October 2021 .
  12. ^ McPherson, S., A. Wistuba, A. Fleischmann & J. Nerz (2011). Sarraceniaceae of South America . Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  13. ^ Carvalho, F.A., A. Salino & C.E. Zartman (July 2012). New country and regional records from the Brazilian side of Neblina Massif. American Fern Journal 102 (3): 228?232. doi : 10.1640/0002-8444-102.3.228
  14. ^ Maguire, Bassett; Reynolds, Charles (January 1955). "Cerro de la Neblina, Amazonas, Venezuela". Geographical Review . 45 (1): 27?51. doi : 10.2307/211728 . JSTOR   211728 .

Further reading [ edit ]

  • Aymard Corredor, G.A. & J.R. Grande Allende (September 2012). Duranta neblinensis (Verbenaceae, Duranteae): a new species from Sierra de la Neblina, Amazonas state, Venezuela. Brittonia 64 (3): 246?251. doi : 10.1007/s12228-011-9227-8
  • Beau-Douezy, J.-P., M. Cambornac & E. Sampers (1999). Neblina: Of Mists and Scents . Editions de la Martiniere, Paris. OCLC   477238012 review
  • Berry, P.E. & M. Olson (October/December 1998). A new rheophytic species of Euceraea (Flacourtiaceae) from Sierra de la Neblina, Venezuela. Brittonia 50 (4): 493?496. doi : 10.2307/2807759
  • (in Spanish) Brewer-Carias, C. (September 1972). "Observaciones sobre el nicho ecologico de Heliamphora planta carnivora del Cerro de La Neblina" (PDF) . Natura 48 / 49 : 4?7.
  • (in Spanish) Brewer-Carias, C. (May 1973). "Plantas carnivoras del Cerro de La Neblina. Estudio y fotografia sobre tres mecanismos de trampas" (PDF) . Defensa de la Naturaleza 2 (6): 17?26.
  • (in Spanish) Brewer-Carias, C. (ed.) (1988). Cerro de la Neblina: Resultados de la Expedicion 1983?1987 . Fundacion para el Desarrollo de las Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas. ISBN   980-300-437-9
  • De Marmels, J. (1989). Odonata or dragonflies from Cerro de la Neblina and the adjacent lowland between the Rio Baria, the Casiquiare and the Rio Negro (Venezuela). I. Adults. Boletin de la Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales 25 : 11?78.
  • De Marmels, J. (1989). Odonata or dragonflies from Cerro de la Neblina and the adjacent lowland between the Rio Baria, the Casiquiare and the Rio Negro (Venezuela). II. Additions to the adults. Boletin de la Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales 25 : 81?91.
  • (in Spanish) de Phelps, K.D. (1986). Memorias de Misia Kathy: primera Expedicion Phelps al "Cerro Jime," actual Cerro de la Neblina, enero-febrero, 1954 . Tecniproven, Caracas. ISBN   980-265-446-9
  • (in Spanish) Dickerman, R.W. & W.H. Phelps Jr. (1987). Tres nuevos atrapamoscas (Tyrannidae) del Cerro de la Neblina Territorio Amazonas, Venezuela. Boletin de la Sociedad Venezolana de Ciencias Naturales 41 (144): 27?32.
  • (in Portuguese) Frois, R.D.L. (October?December 1956). O "Cerro de la Neblina" seria um pico da serra do Caburi. Revista Brasileira de Geografia 18 (4): 535?538.
  • Gardner, A.L. (1989). Two new mammals from southern Venezuela and comments on the affinities of the highland fauna of Cerro de la Neblina. In: K.H. Redford & J.F. Eisenberg (eds.) Advances in Neotropical Mammalogy . Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville. pp. 411?424. ISBN   187-774-302-X
  • Givnish, T.J., R.W. McDiarmid & W.R. Buck (1 November 1986). Fire adaptation in Neblinaria celiae (Theaceae), a high-elevation rosette shrub endemic to a wet equatorial tepui. Oecologia 70 (4): 481?485. doi : 10.1007/BF00379892
  • (in Spanish) Joly, L.J. (1990). Los Ibidionini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) de la expedicion al Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela. Revista de la Facultad de Agronomia 16 : 207?218.
  • Lourenco, W.R. & J.L. Cloudsley-Thompson (2010). "The life cycle of Tityus ( Atreus ) neblina Lourenco, 2008 (Scorpiones, Buthidae) in 'Cerro de la Neblina', Brazil/Venezuela" (PDF) . Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa 47 : 293?298.
  • Maier, C.A. & P.J. Spangler (7 July 2011). Hypsilara royi gen. n. and sp. n. (Coleoptera, Elmidae, Larainae) from southern Venezuela, with a revised key to Larainae of the Western Hemisphere. Zookeys 116 : 25?36. doi : 10.3897/zookeys.116.1347
  • Myers, C.W., E.E. Williams & R.W. McDiarmid (9 September 1993). A new anoline lizard ( Phenacosaurus ) from the highland of Cerro de la Neblina, southern Venezuela . American Museum Novitates , no. 3070: 1?15.
  • (in Spanish) Osuna, E. (1984). Notas sobre Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) del Parque Nacional "Cerro de la Neblina" Territorio Federal Amazonas, Venezuela. Boletin de la Direccion de Malariologia y Saneamiento Ambiental 24 : 45?46.
  • Phelps, W.H. & W.H. Phelps Jr. (31 October 1955). Seven new birds from Cerro de la Neblina, Territorio Amazonas, Venezuela . Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 68 : 113?123.
  • Phelps, W.H. & W.H. Phelps Jr. (8 December 1961). A new subspecies of warbler from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela, and notes . Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 74 : 245?247.
  • (in Spanish) Phelps, W.H. & W.H. Phelps Jr. (1965). Lista de las aves del Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela, y notas sobre su descubrimiento y ascenso. Boletin de la Sociedad Venezolana de Ciencias Naturales 26 (109): 11?35.
  • Redhead, S. & R.E. Halling (May?June 1987). Xeromphalina nubium sp. nov. (Basidiomycetes) from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela. Mycologia 79 (3): 383?386.
  • Renner, S.S. (1989). Floral biological observations on Heliamphora tatei Sarraceniaceae and other plants from Cerro de la Neblina in Venezuela. Plant Systematics and Evolution 163 (1?2): 21?30. doi : 10.1007/BF00936149
  • Rivadavia, F., V.F.O. de Miranda, G. Hoogenstrijd, F. Pinheiro, G. Heubl & A. Fleischmann (July 2012). Is Drosera meristocaulis a pygmy sundew? Evidence of a long-distance dispersal between Western Australia and northern South America. Annals of Botany 110 (1): 11?21. doi : 10.1093/aob/mcs096
  • Rogers, J.D., B.E. Callan, A.Y. Rossman & G.J. Samuels (January?March 1988). Xylaria (Sphaeriales, Xylariaceae) from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela. Mycotaxon 51 (1): 103?153.
  • Roze, J. A. (September 1987). Summary of coral snakes (Elapidae) from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela, with description of a new subspecies. Revue Francaise d'Aquariologie, Herpetologie 14 (3): 109?112.
  • Savage, H.M. (1987). Two new species of Miroculis from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela with new distribution records for Miroculis fittkaui and Microphlebia surinamensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Aquatic Insects: International Journal of Freshwater Entomology 9 (2): 97?108. doi : 10.1080/01650428709361279
  • Spangler, P.J. (July 1985). A new genus and species of riffle beetle, Neblinagena prima , from the Venezuelan tepui, Cerro de la Neblina (Coleoptera, Elmidae, Larinae) . Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 87 (3): 538?544.
  • Spangler, P.J. (July 1986). Two new species of water-striders of the genus Oiovelia from the tepui Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela (Hemiptera: Veliidae) . Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88 (3): 438?450.
  • Spangler, P.J. (April 1987). A new species of water penny beetle, Pheneps cursitatus , from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Dryopoidea: Psephenidae) . Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 89 (2): 219?225.
  • Struwe, L., M. Thiv, J.W. Kadereit, A.S.R. Pepper, T.J. Motley, P.J. White, J.H.E. Rova, K. Potgieter & V.A. Albert (December 1998). Saccifolium (Saccifoliaceae), an endemic of Sierra de la Neblina on the Brazilian?Venezuelan border, is related to a temperate-alpine lineage of Gentianaceae. Harvard Papers in Botany 3 (2): 199?214.
  • Struwe, L., S. Nilsson & V.A. Albert (June 2008). Roraimaea (Gentianaceae: Helieae)?a new gentian genus from white sand campinas and Cerro de la Neblina of Brazil and Venezuela. Harvard Papers in Botany 13 (1): 35?45. doi : 10.3100/1043-4534(2008)13[35:RGHNGF 2.0.CO;2]
  • Thomas, W.W. & G. Davidse (April?June 1989). Koyamaea neblinensis , a new genus and species of Cyperaceae (Sclerioideae) from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela and Brazil. Systematic Botany 14 (2): 189?196. JSTOR   2418905
  • Viloria, A.L. (1995). Description of a new species of Pedaliodes (Lepidoptera: Satyridae: Pronophilini) from the Cerro de La Neblina, Venezuela. Atalanta 25 (3?4): 525?529.
  • Willard, D.E., M.S. Foster, G.F. Barrowclough, R.W. Dickerman, P.F. Cannell, S.L. Coats, J.L. Cracraft & J.P. O'Neill (31 October 1991). The birds of Cerro de la Neblina, Territorio Federal Amazonas, Venezuela . Fieldiana: Zoology 65 : 1?80.
  • Wooldridge, D.P. (March 1993). Three new Limnichidae from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Dryopoidea). The Coleopterists Bulletin 47 (1): 35?37. JSTOR   4008905
  • Zweifel, R.G. (16 December 1986). A new genus and species of microhylid frog from the Cerro de la Neblina region of Venezuela and a discussion of relationships among New World microhylid genera . American Museum Novitates , no. 2863: 1?24.
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