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As developed by geolibertarian political economist Fred E. Foldvary , cellular democracy is a model of democracy based on multi-level bottom-up structures in either small neighborhood governmental districts or contractual communities.

Councils [ edit ]

In cellular democracy, a jurisdiction such as a county or city is divided into neighborhood districts with a population of about 500 people, with about 100 to 200 households. The voters in the district would elect a council. The small size of districts would allow for more informed voters at a smaller cost. Representatives, plus one alternate, would be elected to the council. This would be a "level-1 council".

A region containing 10 to 20 neighborhood districts would then vote for a "level-2 council". Each level-1 council elects a regular representative and an alternate to the level-2 council from its own regular membership.

A further region containing several level-2 councils would comprise a level-3 council, each level-2 council again electing a regular and an alternate representative to level 3. The level-2 representative sent up to the level-3 council would be replaced by his or her alternative.

The hierarchy would continue indefinitely, depending on the size of the state, or even expanding worldwide.

Secession [ edit ]

Councils could ' secede ', creating a new branch of councils that would be incorporated back into the system.

Taxation [ edit ]

Each level 1 council would be able to select its source of revenue . Property taxes would be likely, and Foldvary favors the land value tax as the most efficient, just, and unintrusive option. Every council above council-1 gets its money from the council below it.

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

• Foldvary, F. E. (1997). "Democracy Needs Reforming" .
• Fred E. Foldvary . (1999). "Recalculating Consent." .
• Foldvary, Fred E. (2002). "Small-Group, Multi-Level Democracy: Implications of Austrian Public Choice for Governance Structure" (PDF) . The Review of Austrian Economics . 15 (2?3): 161?174. doi : 10.1023/A:1015762504055 . S2CID   56220327 .
• Fred E. Foldvary . (2008). Small-Group, Multi-Level Bottom-UP Democracy [1] ^{[ permanent dead link ]} .
• "Ward Republic"