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The Wounded Cateran by Robert Carrick
The term
cateran
(from the
Gaelic
ceathairne
, a collective word meaning "peasantry") historically referred to a band of fighting men of a
Scotland
Highland
clan; hence the term applied to the Highland, and later to any,
marauders
or
cattle-lifters
.
[1]
An individual member is a ceithernach or catanach, but Walter Scott calls an individual a cateran (e.g. in
Rob Roy
,
Chronicles of the Canongate
). According to Randy Lee Eichoff it derives from Old Celtic 'cat' (battle, war) and 'nach' (man, fellow) Catanach means war-man, warrior. Its plural is ceithern or ceithrenn or caithereine or kettering or kettenring and several other spellings.
They are mentioned in the
Dunkeld Litany
:
A cateranis et latronibus,
a lupis, et omni mala bestia,
Domine, libera nos.
From caterans and robbers,
from wolves, and all evil creatures,
Lord, deliver us.
Magnus Magnusson
states that some Highland chieftains retained substantial private armies of professional soldiers, known as 'ceatharn', to be used against their neighbours
[2]
Problems arose when the third royal son of King
Robert II
,
Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan
(the King's Lieutenant for areas of Scotland north of the
Moray Firth
) began using a force of 'caterans' himself. Subsequently, the word 'cateran' came to refer to those Highland bandits or malefactors.
Caterans feature in many Scottish novels and short stories, notably Hamish MacTavish Mhor in Walter Scott's 'The Highland Widow'.
Stories of the Cateran cattle-raiding tradition of the Scottish clans can be found in 'School of the Moon' by Stuart McHardy.
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
public domain
:
Chisholm, Hugh
, ed. (1911). "
Cateran
".
Encyclopædia Britannica
. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 512.
- ^
Magnusson, Magnus (2000)
Scotland, The Story of a Nation
, page 211