Italian writer (1826?1890)
"Collodi" redirects here. For the fraction of the municipality of Pescia in Tuscany, Italy, see
Collodi (Italy)
.
Carlo Collodi
|
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1890 sketch of Collodi
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Born
| Carlo Lorenzini
(
1826-11-24
)
24 November 1826
Florence
,
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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Died
| 26 October 1890
(1890-10-26)
(aged 63)
Florence,
Kingdom of Italy
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Occupation
| |
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Nationality
| Italian
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Genre
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Carlo Lorenzini
(24 November 1826 ? 26 October 1890), better known by the pen name
Carlo Collodi
(
Italian:
[?karlo
kol?l?ːdi]
), was an Italian author, humourist,
[1]
and journalist,
[2]
widely known for his
fairy tale novel
The Adventures of Pinocchio
.
Early life
[
edit
]
Collodi was born in
Florence
on 24 November 1826. His mother Angiolina Orzali Lorenzini was a seamstress from
Collodi
, the town from which he later took the pen name, and his father Domenico Lorenzini was a cook.
[3]
Both parents worked for the
marchese
Ginori Lisci.
[1]
Carlo was the eldest child in the family
[4]
and he had ten siblings; seven died at a young age.
[5]
He spent most of his childhood in the town of Collodi where his mother was born. He lived there with his maternal grandmother. After attending primary school, he was sent to study at a
theological seminary
in
Colle Val d’Elsa
.
[4]
An account at the seminary shows that the
marchese
had offered financial aid, but the boy found that he did not want to be a priest so he continued his education at the College of the Scolopi Fathers in Florence.
[6]
In 1844, he started working at the Florentine bookstore Libreria Piatti, where he assisted Giuseppe Aiazzi, a prominent Italian manuscript specialist.
[6]
Career
[
edit
]
During the
Italian Wars of Independence
in 1848 and 1860, Collodi served as a volunteer with the
Tuscan Army
. His active interest in political matters can be seen in his earliest literary works, as well as in the founding of the satirical newspaper
Il Lampione
in 1853.
[7]
This newspaper was censored by order of the
Grand Duke of Tuscany
.
[8]
[9]
In 1854, he published his second newspaper,
Lo scaramuccia
("The Controversy").
[10]
Lorenzini's first publications were in his periodicals. A debut came in 1856 with the play
Gli amici di casa
and parodic guidebook
Un romanzo in vapore
, both in 1856.
[11]
By 1860, he published his first notable work called
Il signor Alberi ha ragione!
(Mr. Alberi Is Right!), which outlined his political and cultural vision of Italy. This is the text where Lorenzini started using the Collodi pseudonym, which was taken from his mother's hometown.
[1]
Collodi had also begun intense activity on other political newspapers such as
Il Fanfulla
; at the same time he was employed by the Censorship Commission for the Theatre. During this period he composed various satirical sketches and stories (sometimes simply by collating earlier articles), including
Macchiette
(1880),
Occhi e nasi
(1881), and
Storie allegre
(1887).
[1]
Collodi became disenchanted with Italian politics afterwards, so he turned to children's literature and his first works involved translating French fairy tales into Italian.
[4]
In 1875, for instance, he completed
Racconti delle fate
, a translation of French fairy tales by
Charles Perrault
. In 1876, Collodi wrote
Giannettino
(inspired by Alessandro Luigi Parravicini's
Giannetto
), the
Minuzzolo
, and
Il viaggio per l'Italia di Giannettino
, a pedagogic series which explored the unification of Italy through the ironic thoughts and actions of the character Giannettino.
[1]
Lorenzini became fascinated by the idea of using an amiable, rascally character as a means of expressing his own convictions through
allegory
. In 1880, he began writing
Storia di un burattino
(
Story of a
Marionette
), also called
Le avventure di Pinocchio
, which was published weekly in
Giornale per i bambini
.
[1]
Pinocchio
was adapted into
a 1940 film by Disney
that is considered to be one of Disney's greatest films.
[12]
[13]
[14]
Collodi died suddenly in Florence on 26 October 1890 at the age of 63 and is interred at Cimitero Monumentale Delle Porte Sante in Florence.
The National Carlo Collodi Foundation was established in 1962 to promote education and the works of Collodi,
[16]
and Pinocchio Park, which was opened in 1956 in the town of Collodi and remains a popular attraction today.
[17]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
Marrone, Gaetana; Puppa, Paolo (2006).
Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies
. New York: Routledge. pp.
485
.
ISBN
9781579583903
.
- ^
"C. Collodi | Italian author"
.
Encyclopedia Britannica
. 22 October 2023.
- ^
"Carlo Collodi"
.
authorscalendar.info
. Retrieved
12 June
2023
.
- ^
a
b
c
Barchers, Suzanne; Pfeffinger, Charla (2011).
Multi-Grade Readers Theatre: Stories about Short Story and Book Authors
. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 55.
ISBN
9781598848014
.
- ^
"Pinocchio: Carlo Collodi | Encyclopedia.com"
.
www.encyclopedia.com
. Retrieved
12 June
2023
.
- ^
a
b
Zipes, Jack (1997).
Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales, Children, and the Culture Industry
. New York: Routledge. p. 74.
ISBN
0415918502
.
- ^
"Carlo Collodi: the Florentine Father of Pinocchio - Villa Campestri Olive Oil Resort"
. 11 October 2022
. Retrieved
12 June
2023
.
- ^
"Carlo Collodi Biography | Authors | Read & Co. Books"
. Retrieved
12 June
2023
.
- ^
"Carlo Collodi"
.
New York Review Books
. Retrieved
12 June
2023
.
- ^
Jack Zines. ≪Introduction≫. In: Carlo Collordi.
Pinnochio
. Penguin Books 2002.
ISBN
0-14-243706-9
- ^
Carlo Collodi: other works
; pinocchio.it
- ^
Maltin, Leonard (1973). Maltin, Leonard (ed.).
The Disney Book: Pinocchio
. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc. p. 37.
- ^
"AFI: 10 Top 10"
.
www.afi.com
. Retrieved
19 February
2019
.
- ^
Nugent, Frank S. (8 February 1940).
"THE SCREEN IN REVIEW; 'Pinocchio,' Walt Disney's Long-Awaited Successor to 'Snow White,' Has Its Premiere at the Center Theatre--Other New Films"
.
The New York Times
.
ISSN
0362-4331
. Retrieved
19 February
2019
.
- ^
info@e-project.it, e-Project-.
"The Carlo Collodi National Foundation - Fondazione Collodi"
.
www.fondazionecollodi.it
. Retrieved
12 June
2023
.
- ^
"Pinocchio Park"
.
Atlas Obscura
. Retrieved
14 September
2023
.
Bibliography
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
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