Utility helicopter family by Bell
The
Bell 206
is a family of two-bladed, single- and twin-engined
helicopters
, manufactured by
Bell Helicopter
at its
Mirabel, Quebec
, plant. Originally developed as the
Bell YOH-4
for the
United States Army
's
Light Observation Helicopter
program, it was not selected by the Army. Bell redesigned the
airframe
and successfully marketed the aircraft commercially as the five-place
Bell 206A JetRanger
. The new design was eventually selected by the Army as the
OH-58 Kiowa
.
Bell also developed a seven-place
LongRanger
, which was later offered with a twin-engined option as the
TwinRanger
, while Tridair Helicopters offers a similar conversion of the LongRanger called the
Gemini ST
. The
ICAO
-assigned model designation "B06" is used on
flight plans
for the JetRanger and LongRanger, and the designation "B06T" is used for the twin-engined TwinRangers.
Development
[
edit
]
Origins and JetRanger
[
edit
]
A
YOH-4A LOH
in flight
On October 14, 1960, the
United States Navy
solicited responses from 25 aircraft manufacturers to a request for proposals (RFP) on behalf of the Army for the Light Observation Helicopter (LOH). Bell entered the competition along with 12 other manufacturers, including
Hiller Aircraft
and
Hughes Tool Co., Aircraft Division
.
[5]
Bell submitted the
D-250
design, which would be designated as the
YHO-4
.
[6]
On May 19, 1961, Bell and Hiller were announced as winners of the design competition.
[7]
[8]
Bell developed the D-250 design into the Bell 206 aircraft, redesignated as YOH-4A in 1962, and produced five prototype aircraft for the Army's test and evaluation phase. The first prototype flew on December 8, 1962.
[1]
The YOH-4A also came to be known as "The Ugly Duckling" in comparison to the other contending aircraft.
[1]
Following a fly-off of the Bell, Hughes and Fairchild-Hiller prototypes, the
Hughes OH-6
was selected in May 1965.
[9]
When the YOH-4A was eliminated by the Army, Bell went about solving the problem of marketing the aircraft. In addition to the image problem, the helicopter lacked cargo space and only provided cramped seating for the planned three passengers. The solution was a redesigned fuselage, sleeker and aesthetically appealing, adding 16 ft
3
(0.45 m
3
) of cargo space in the process.
[10]
A Bell executive contributed to this redesign by drawing on a sketch two lines extending the fuselage to where it meets the tail.
[11]
The redesign was designated Bell 206A, and Bell President Edwin J. Ducayet named it the JetRanger, denoting an evolution from the popular
Model 47J Ranger
.
Bell Helicopter ended production of the Bell 206B-3 version in 2010.
[12]
[3]
In 2011, used 206B-3s sold for around $1.4 million depending upon the equipment and configuration.
[13]
Bell intends for the
Bell 505 Jet Ranger X
to replace the 206 five-seat versions from around 2015 and compete with the
Robinson R66
.
[14]
LongRanger
[
edit
]
A Bell 206-L4 of the
Bangladesh Army
The 206L LongRanger is a stretched variant with seating for seven. The fuselage, stretched a total of 30 inches (760 mm), adds two rear-facing seats between the front and rear seats. Since 1975, Bell has produced more than 1,700 LongRangers across all variant types. In 1981, a military version, the 206L TexasRanger was released. The original 206L used an
Allison 250
-C20B engine, and a series of model upgrades replaced this engine with more powerful versions; the 206L-1 used a 250-C28, and the 206L-3 and 206L-4 used the 250-C30P.
In both applications, the 250-C30P is derated from 650 hp for takeoff and 501 hp continuous. The 206L-3 is transmission-limited to 435 hp for take-off, and the 206L-4 is transmission-limited to 495 hp. The derating of the C30P produces an advantage in hot-day and high-altitude operations as it can produce the rated horsepower at higher altitudes and temperatures where applications that use the maximum rating of the engine at sea level suffer accelerated performance deterioration with increases in temperature and altitude. The 206L-3 and L-4 have not been offered in a twin configuration under those model designations.
[
citation needed
]
In 2007, Bell announced an upgrade program for the 206L-1 and 206L-3 which is designed to modify the aircraft to the 206L-4 configuration; modified aircraft are designated 206L-1+ and 206L-3+. Modifications include strengthened airframe structural components (including a new tailboom), improved transmission, upgraded engine for the L-1, all of which result in a maximum gross weight increase of 300 pounds and increased performance.
[15]
Production of the 206L-4 ended in June 2017 with over 3800 LongRanger's produced.
[3]
Gemini ST and TwinRanger
[
edit
]
The
TwinRanger
name dates from the mid-1980s when Bell developed the
Bell 400 TwinRanger
, but it never entered production.
[16]
In 1989, Tridair Helicopters began developing a twin-engine conversion of the LongRanger, the
Gemini ST
. The prototype's first flight was on January 16, 1991, while full FAA certification was awarded in November. Certification covers the conversion of LongRanger 206L-1s, L-3s and L-4s to Gemini ST configuration.
[16]
In mid-1994 the Gemini ST was certificated as the first Single/Twin aircraft, allowing it to operate either as a single or twin engine aircraft throughout all phases of flight.
[16]
The
Bell 206LT TwinRanger
was a new-build production model equivalent to Tridair's Gemini ST, and was based on the 206L-4. Thirteen 206LTs were built, the first being delivered in January 1994, and the last in 1997. The TwinRanger was replaced in Bell's lineup by the mostly-new
Bell 427
.
[16]
Operational history
[
edit
]
A Bell 206L-4 Long Ranger IV (operated by
CTV British Columbia
), departing Vancouver Harbour helipad
The first Bell 206A flew on January 10, 1966, and the aircraft was revealed later that month at the
Helicopter Association of America
(HAA) convention. On October 20, 1966, the JetRanger received FAA certification. Delivery of the JetRanger to customers began on January 13, 1967, with the first aircraft being purchased by Harry Holly, CEO of the Hollymatic Corporation and previous owner of a Bell Ranger.
[10]
In 1968, the
United States Navy
selected the 206A as its primary trainer, the TH-57 Sea Ranger. The Army also eventually selected the 206A for a light observation helicopter as the
OH-58 Kiowa
.
The basic shape and design of the JetRanger remained unchanged since 1967, but Bell introduced the 206B JetRanger II in 1971. In 1977, the 206B-3 JetRanger III was introduced with its modified tail rotor and more powerful engine. The JetRanger is popular with news media for traffic and news reporting. The LongRanger is commonly used as an air ambulance and as a corporate transport. On September 1, 1982, pilots
H. Ross Perot, Jr.
and Jay Coburn departed
Dallas, Texas
in the "
Spirit of Texas
", a Bell 206L-2 (N3911Z). They returned on 30 September, 29 days and 3 hours later, completing the first around-the-world helicopter flight.
[17]
In 1983, Australian businessman
Dick Smith
became the first helicopter pilot to complete a solo trip around the world in 260 flight hours. During the trip, he landed his 206B-3 (S/N 3653; VH-DIK) on prepositioned container ships to refuel between Japan and the Aleutian Islands.
In 1993, the U.S. Army chose the Bell 206B-3 as the winner of the New Training Helicopter competition, to serve as its primary training helicopter, the TH-67 Creek. The number of TH-67s
being divested by the Army
is too small to impact civilian markets.
[18]
On July 22, 1994,
Ron Bower
landed his 206B-3 (N206AJ) at
Hurst, Texas
, setting a new record for around-the-world flight by a helicopter. Bower had departed on June 24 and returned 24 days, 4 hours, 36 minutes and 24 seconds later, averaging 35.62 knots (40.99 mph, 65.97 km/h).
[19]
Bower had added a 91-US-gallon (340 L) auxiliary fuel tank, which doubled the JetRanger III's range.
[20]
Notable accidents and incidents
[
edit
]
On August 1, 1977, famous
U-2
spy plane pilot
Francis Gary Powers
was piloting a helicopter for KNBC Channel 4 over West Los Angeles, California, when the aircraft crashed, killing him and cameraman George Spears. They had been video recording brush fires in Santa Barbara County in the station's helicopter and were leaving the area.
[21]
On August 27, 1990, musician
Stevie Ray Vaughan
, pilot Jeff Brown, and three members of
Eric Clapton
's crew, Bobby Brooks, Nigel Browne, and Colin Smythe, were killed in a 206B crash.
[22]
On October 25, 1991, a Bell 206 carrying rock music
concert promoter
Bill Graham
, his girlfriend Melissa Gold, and pilot Steve Kahn crashed into a
transmission tower
west of
Vallejo, California
, killing everyone on board.
[23]
[24]
The cause of the accident was determined to be the pilot's intentional flight into known adverse weather conditions.
[25]
[
importance?
]
On March 9, 2009, Bangladesh Army's General Officer, Commander of
Jessore
Area and his pilot were killed when his Bell 206 crashed at
Tangail
Area of
Bangladesh
.
[26]
[
importance?
]
On August 20, 2014, Guatemala's Army Chief of Staff was killed when his Bell 206 crashed.
[27]
[
importance?
]
On February 11, 2019, Brazilian journalist
Ricardo Boechat
and the pilot were killed when Bell 206B, PT-HPG,
crashed
into a truck while attempting an emergency landing on a highway.
[28]
Variants
[
edit
]
Civilian
[
edit
]
Bell 206B Jet Ranger III at
Filton Airfield
, Bristol, England. Used for electricity pylon patrols.
- Bell 206
- Five YOH-4A prototypes, for flight evaluation in the Army's LOH program (1963).
- Bell 206A
- Initial production version, powered by an Allison 250-C18 turboshaft engine. FAA-certified in 1966. Selected as the OH-58A Kiowa in 1968.
- Agusta-Bell 206A
- License-built in Italy.
- Bell 206A-1
- OH-58A aircraft that are modified for FAA civil certification.
[29]
- Agusta-Bell 206A-1
- License-built in Italy.
- Bell 206B
- Upgraded
Allison 250-C20
engine.
[30]
- Agusta-Bell 206B
- License-built in Italy.
- Bell 206B-2
- Bell 206B models upgraded with Bell 206B-3 improvements.
[30]
Bell 206B JetRanger tail end
- Bell 206B-3
- Upgraded Allison 250-C20J engine and added 2 inches (51 mm) to tail rotor diameter for yaw control.
[30]
- Bell 206L LongRanger
- Stretched, seven-seat configuration, powered by an Allison 250-C20B turboshaft engine.
- Bell 206L-1 LongRanger II
- Higher-powered version, powered by an Allison 250-C28 turboshaft engine.
- Bell 206L-1+ LongRanger
- Bell modifications, including 250-C30P engine, to upgrade aircraft to 206L-4 configuration.
- Bell 206L-3 LongRanger III
- Powered by an Allison 250-C30P turboshaft engine.
- Bell 206L-3+ LongRanger
- Bell modifications to upgrade aircraft to 206L-4 configuration.
- Bell 206L-4 LongRanger IV
- Improved version, 250-C30P engine and transmission upgrade.
- Bell 206LT TwinRanger
- Twin-engined conversions and new-builds of the 206L; replaced by the
Bell 427
.
A Bell 206L-3
- Bell 407
- based on the 206L with four-blade rotor system.
- Bell 417
- upgraded 407 with larger engine; project canceled.
- Cardoen Cb 206L-III
- Chilean modified LongRanger III with narrow forward fuselage and flat-plate cockpit windows. At least two converted, with first flight in 1989.
[31]
- HESA Shahed 278
- An Iranian re-hash of Bell 206 components.
- Aurora Flight Sciences
Tactical Autonomous Aerial Logistics System test platform
Military
[
edit
]
- Bell 206AS
- Export version for the
Chilean Navy
.
- Bell CH-139 JetRanger
- Canadian military designation for the Bell 206B-3.
- Hkp 6A
- Swedish Army
designation for the Agusta-Bell 206A. 21 units manufactured in Italy, used as training, liaison, light transport, scout and anti-tank helicopters armed with ATGMs.
[32]
- Hkp 6B
- Swedish Navy
designation for the Agusta-Bell 206A. 10 units manufactured in Italy, used as anti-submarine helicopters, armed with depth charges. This variant was equipped with emergency inflatable
floats
.
[32]
- OH-58 Kiowa
- Light observation helicopter that replaced the
OH-6A Cayuse
.
- TH-57A Sea Ranger
- 40 commercial Bell 206A aircraft purchased as the primary
U.S. Navy
helicopter trainer in January 1968 for training prospective U.S. Navy,
U.S. Marine Corps
,
U.S. Coast Guard
and select NATO/Allied helicopter pilots.
[33]
US Navy TH-57C
- 206L TexasRanger
- proposed export military version. One demonstrator was built (1981).
- TH-57B
- 45 commercial Bell 206B-3 helicopters purchased by the US Navy in 1989 as replacements for the TH-57A for primary training under visual flight rules.
- TH-57C Sea Ranger
- 71 commercial Bell 206B-3 helicopters purchased by the US Navy beginning prior to 1985 with cockpits configured for advanced training under instrument flight rules.
- TH-57D
- Planned upgrade program to convert US Navy TH-57B and TH-57C aircraft to a single standard digital cockpit.
[34]
This program never materialized in operational aircraft.
[
citation needed
]
- TH-67 Creek
- 137 commercial Bell 206B-3s purchased in 1993 as the primary and instrument helicopter trainer for the
US Army
at
Fort Novosel
, Alabama. 35 in VFR configuration and 102 in IFR configuration. The US Army currently has 181 units, of which 121 are in VFR configuration and 60 are in IFR configuration. All TH-67s display US registrations ("N" numbers) and are operated as public use aircraft.
Operators
[
edit
]
List of military operators of the Bell 206. Current users in blue and former users in red.
The Bell 206 has been popular for all types of uses both commercial and private.
Military and government
[
edit
]
An
Albanian Air Force
AB206 at Farke airbase
Bulgarian Air Force
Bell 206
Albania
Argentina
Bangladesh
Brazil
Bangladesh Air Force
Bell 206
Bulgaria
Brunei
Cameroon
Chilean Air Force
Bell 206
Chile
Colombia
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Croatia
Cyprus
A Bell 206L-3 LongRanger of the
Cyprus Air Command
Ecuador
Finland
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Iran
An Italian Army
Agusta-Bell 206
Iraq
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Latvia
Lesotho
North Macedonia
Mexico
Morocco
Oman
Pakistan
Peru
Poland
Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence
Bell 206
Slovenia
Sri Lanka
Republic of China (Taiwan)
Thailand
Turkey
Ugandan Air Force
Bell 206
Uganda
A TH-67A Creek of the US Army
United States
A
Chicago Police Department
Bell 206
Venezuela
Yemen
Zambia
Former operators
[
edit
]
Swedish Navy
Bell 206B in camouflage
Australia
Canada
Chile
Indonesia
Jamaica
Malta
Serbia
Sweden
Specifications (206B-L4 Long Ranger)
[
edit
]
Bell 206A JetRanger 3-view drawing
Data from
Bell 206B-L4 specifications
[74]
[75]
General characteristics
- Crew:
1
- Capacity:
4 passengers
- Length:
39 ft 8 in (12.09 m)
- Height:
9 ft 4 in (2.84 m)
- Empty weight:
2,331 lb (1,057 kg)
- Max takeoff weight:
3,350 lb (1,520 kg)
- Powerplant:
1 ×
Allison 250-C20J
turboshaft
engine, 317 shp (236 kW)
- (de-rated from 420 shp (313 kW) due to drivetrain limitations)
Performance
- Maximum speed:
120 kn (140 mph, 220 km/h)
- Never exceed speed
:
130 kn (150 mph, 240 km/h)
- Range:
374 nmi (430 mi, 693 km)
- Service ceiling:
13,500 ft (4,100 m)
- Rate of climb:
1,350 ft/min (6.9 m/s)
- Disk loading:
4 lb/sq ft (20 kg/m
2
)
- Power/mass
:
0.09 hp/lb (0.15 kW/kg)
Notable appearances in media
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
References
[
edit
]
Citations
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
Visschedijk, lJohan.
"Bell 206 JetRanger".
1000AircraftPhotos.com. 16 October 2003. Accessed on 19 September 2006
- ^
Donald, David, ed. "Bell 206".
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. Barnes & Nobel Books, 1997.
ISBN
0-7607-0592-5
- ^
a
b
c
Last Bell LongRanger Rolls Off Production Line
. AIN online, July 10, 2017.
- ^
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Archived
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"U.S Army Aircraft Acquisition Programs".
Uncommon Aircraft 2006
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- ^
See
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. The Navy, who was assisting the Army in the selection phase, recommended the Hiller Model 1100, while the Army team preferred the Bell D-250, and then the 1100. The Selection Board selected both aircraft. Afterwards, the acting Army Chief of Staff directed the Selection Board to include the Hughes 369 in the fly-off competition.
- ^
Spangenberg, George A.
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{{
cite web
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[
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a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
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p
q
r
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v
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aa
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af
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ai
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on October 18, 2016
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October 17,
2016
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- ^
"LAPD Equipment"
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Archived
from the original on September 21, 2013
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September 1,
2014
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"Aircraft Inquiry"
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registry.faa.gov
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May 17,
2021
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"Aircraft Inquiry"
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registry.faa.gov
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May 17,
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"Special Operations"
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City of Memphis
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on May 17, 2021
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May 17,
2021
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"OPD Helicopter (@OPDABLE1) - Twitter"
.
twitter.com
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Archived
from the original on October 14, 2017
. Retrieved
November 9,
2017
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- ^
"Air support (helicopter) unit"
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kingcounty.gov
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Archived
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June 8,
2020
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- ^
"Special Operations Section | New Jersey State Police"
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www.njsp.org
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August 22,
2020
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- ^
"N33PP (1983 BELL 206L-3 owned by UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR) Aircraft Registration"
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FlightAware
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January 12,
2021
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- ^
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Archived
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January 29,
2013
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March 7,
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January 26,
2013
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Bibliography
[
edit
]
- Elliot, Bryn (March?April 1997). "Bears in the Air: The US Air Police Perspective".
Air Enthusiast
. No. 68. pp. 46?51.
ISSN
0143-5450
.
- Elliott, Bryn (May?June 1999). "On the Beat: The First 60 Years of Britain's Air Police, Part Two".
Air Enthusiast
(81): 64?69.
ISSN
0143-5450
.
- Hoyle, Craig (December 10?16, 2013). "World Air Forces Directory".
Flight International
.
184
(5419): 24?51.
ISSN
0015-3710
.
- Hoyle, Craig (December 9?15, 2014). "World Air Forces Directory".
Flight International
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186
(5468): 24?55.
ISSN
0015-3710
.
- Lambert, Mark, ed. (1991).
Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1991?92
. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Defence Data.
ISBN
0-7106-0965-5
.
External links
[
edit
]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Bell 206
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names
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Military
designations
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Foreign
variants
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Modifications
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Notable
aircraft
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Topics
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Manufacturer
designations
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Fighter aircraft
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Target drones
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Attack helicopters
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Observation and
utility helicopters
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Commercial helicopters
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Tiltrotors
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UAVs
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Non-production helicopters
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Experimental aircraft
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Names
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1
Unknown/not assigned
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Designation sequences for this aircraft:
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Numerical sequence used by USAAC/USAAF/USAF 1941?present;
U.S. Army
1948?1956 and 1962?present;
U.S. Navy
1962?present
| Army/Air Force sequence
(1941?1962)
| Prefix R-, 1941?1948
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Prefix H-, 1948?1962
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Tri-service sequence
(1962?present)
| 1962 redesignations
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New designations
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Alternate sequence
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Non-sequential
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1
Not assigned
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Canadian Armed Forces
post-1968 unified aircraft designations
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Numerical
Sequence
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Role
| Cargo (CC)
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Fighters (CF)
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Helicopter (CH)
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Observation (CO)
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Patrol (CP)
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Search & Rescue (CSR)
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Trainer (CT)
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Unmanned (CU)
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Experimental (CX)
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1
Not assigned
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1?100
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101?200
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201?400
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401?2006
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(first
sequence)
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(second
sequence)
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Attack aircraft (
A
)
| |
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Bombers (
B
)
| |
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Army aeroplanes (
Fpl
)
| |
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Gliders (
G
/
Lg
/
Se
)
| |
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Helicopter (
Hkp
)
| |
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Fighters (
J
)
| |
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Advanced trainers (
O
)
| |
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Trials aircraft (
P
)
| |
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Reconnaissance (
S
)
| |
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Trainers (
Sk
)
| |
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Torpedo bombers (
T
)
| |
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Transports (
Trp/Tp
)
| |
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|
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Attack (A)
| |
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Cargo (C)
| |
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Electronic (E)
| |
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Fighter (F)
| |
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Helicopter (H)
| |
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Liaison (L)
| |
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Maritime (M)
| |
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Observation (O)
| |
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Patrol (P)
| |
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Reconnaissance (R)
| |
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Search & rescue (S)
| |
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Trainer (T)
| |
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Utility (U)
| |
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Glider (Z)
| |
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|
|
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B.H
(Helicopter)
| |
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B.H.PhT
(Mapping helicopter)
| |
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|
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Current system
| Fighter (F)
| |
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Helicopter (H)
| |
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Trainer (I)
| |
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Utility (U)
| |
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|
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Old system
| Fighter (C)
| |
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Courier (D)
| Navy (AvN)
| |
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Beechcraft (Be)
| |
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Consolidated (C)
| |
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Focke-Wulf (FW)
| |
---|
Luscombe (L)
| |
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Waco (W)
| |
---|
|
---|
Reconnaissance (E)
| |
---|
Training helicopter (HT)
| |
---|
Utility helicopter (HU)
| |
---|
Trainer (I)
| Avro (A)
| |
---|
Navy (AvN)
| |
---|
de Havilland (H)
| |
---|
|
---|
Observation (O)
| |
---|
Patrol (P)
| Martin (M)
| |
---|
Savoia-Marchetti (S)
| |
---|
|
---|
Advanced trainer (V)
| |
---|
|
---|
|
|
---|
Helicoptero
(Z)
Helicopter
| |
---|
Helicoptero
(H)
Helicopter
| |
---|
1
Not assigned
|
|