Motor vehicle
The first generation of the
BMW 1 Series
consists of the
BMW E81
(3-door hatchback),
BMW E82
(coupe),
BMW E87
(5-door hatchback) and
BMW E88
(convertible)
compact cars
. The E81/E82/E87/E88 generation was produced from 2004 until 2013 and is sometimes collectively referred to as the E8x. The E8x replaced the
3 Series Compact
as the entry level models of the BMW range.
The chassis has an aluminum
multi-link suspension
, and a
rear-wheel drive
layout with a
longitudinally-mounted
engine giving 50:50 weight balance, which was a rare configuration for a hatchback as most cars in this market segment use front-wheel drive. The engines available were four-cylinder turbo-diesel, four-cylinder
naturally aspirated
petrol, six-cylinder naturally aspirated petrol and six-cylinder turbocharged petrol (the latter only available on coupe and convertible models).
[4]
The highest performance trim is the
1 Series M Coupe
which was powered by the
BMW N54
turbocharged inline-six engine mated to a six-speed manual transmission. It was produced in only the coupe body style and is considered the predecessor to the
BMW M2
.
Following the introduction of the
F20/F21 1 Series
in 2011, the E81/E87 hatchback models began to be phased out, while the E82/E88 coupes and convertibles remained in production until 2013, when they were replaced by the
F22/F23 2 Series
models.
Development and launch
[
edit
]
Initially, BMW considered adopting the Rover R30 design program into the upcoming 1 Series; however, it was eventually decided to develop the E8x alongside the
E90 3 Series
.
[5]
The E8x shares approximately 60% of components with the E90,
[6]
including front and rear suspension, structure, chassis, engines, drivetrain, hardware and electronic elements.
The 1 Series was developed under design director
Chris Bangle
,
[7]
At the 2002 Geneva Motor Show, the
CS1 Concept
previewed the 1 Series design.
[8]
[9]
[10]
with Christopher Chapman leading the exterior design for the hatchback models.
[11]
The first 1 Series production models ? in the E87 five-door hatchback body style ? were launched at the
Paris Motor Show
in September 2004.
[12]
In May 2005, in a commercial for the 1 Series Hatchback,
Kermit the Frog
was shown driving a BMW 1 Series around in a desert making figure-eights, showcasing the car's agility.
[13]
In 2012, a number of 1 Series vehicles were stolen in the United Kingdom, due to thieves programming a blank key fob to start the car through the
on-board diagnostics
(OBD) connection.
[14]
[15]
This security flaw was later patched, for both existing vehicles and new cars produced since.
[16]
Model year changes
[
edit
]
2007
[
edit
]
In March 2007, the E87 five-door hatchback received a
facelift
(also called LCI).
[17]
Changes included the
N43
four-cylinder engine replacing the
N45
and
N46
engines, various changes to improve fuel economy (marketed as
EfficientDynamics
),
electric power steering
replacing the traditional hydraulic power steering, revised bumpers and interior changes.
[18]
[19]
In May 2007, the E81 three-door hatchback models were released.
In November 2007, the E82 coupe models were released, followed by the E88 convertible models soon after.
[20]
[21]
2010
[
edit
]
In 2010 (2011 Model Year), the E82 coupe and E88 convertible models received a facelift. Changes included headlights and taillight revisions, new front/rear bumpers and minor revisions to the interior.
[22]
[23]
For the 135i model, the
N55
engine replaced the
N54
except on the 135is and 1M. Even though many engines are the same, the facelifted 1 Series fuel consumption is slightly higher in some models such as the 123d, and slightly lower in some models such as the 120i.
[24]
Body styles
[
edit
]
-
E81 3-door hatchback
-
E87 5-door hatchback
-
E82 coupe
-
E88 convertible
Reviews of the 1 Series' exterior styling were mixed, with the unusual proportions of the hatchback model often receiving criticism.
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
5-door hatchback (E87)
[
edit
]
The 1 Series was launched globally in September 2004 as the E87 five-door hatchback.
The E87 was produced from 2004 until 2011,
[30]
with the model range consisting of the 116i, 116d, 118i, 118d, 120i, 120d, 123d and 130i. Kerb Weight: 1340 kg (2954 lbs.).
[31]
[32]
3-door hatchback (E81)
[
edit
]
The E81 three-door hatchback models were produced from July 2007 until 2012.
As per the five-door body style, the model range consisted of the 116i, 116d, 118i, 118d, 120i, 120d, 123d and 130i.
[33]
The overall length is the same as the five-door models, and the kerb weight is 10 kg (22 lb) lighter.
[34]
[35]
2-door coupe (E82)
[
edit
]
The 1 Series Coupe (E82) was unveiled in 2007 at the
Frankfurt Motor Show
[36]
[37]
and went on sale on 24 November 2007.
The model range consisted of the 118d, 118i, 120i, 120d, 123d, 125i, 125se, 128i, 135i, 135is, and the M Coupe.
[38]
In North America, the E82 went on sale in October 2007 with the 128i and the 135i models.
[39]
The E82 was produced until August 2013.
2-door convertible (E88)
[
edit
]
The E88 convertible models were produced from 2007 until June 2013. The model range consisted of the 118d, 118i, 120i, 120d, 123d, 125i, 128i, 135i, and 135is.
[40]
The E88 uses a fabric roof (unlike the
E93 3 Series
convertible, which uses a folding metal roof).
Engines
[
edit
]
The factory specifications are as follows:
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
Petrol
[
edit
]
Model
|
Year
|
Engine
|
Power
|
Torque
|
116i
|
2004?2011
|
1.6 L
N45
inline-4
|
85 kW (114 hp; 116 PS)
|
150 N?m (111 lb?ft)
|
2007-2011
|
1.6 L
N43
inline-4
|
90 kW (121 hp; 122 PS)
|
160 N?m (118 lb?ft)
|
2009-2011
|
2.0 L
N43
inline-4
|
95 kW (127 hp; 129 PS)
|
185 N?m (136 lb?ft)
|
118i
|
2005?2007
|
2.0 L
N46
inline-4
|
95 kW (127 hp; 129 PS)
|
180 N?m (133 lb?ft)
|
2007?2009
|
2.0 L
N43
inline-4
|
105 kW (141 hp; 143 PS)
|
190 N?m (140 lb?ft)
|
2009-2011
|
2.0 L
N43
inline-4
|
90 kW (121 hp; 122 PS)
|
185 N?m (136 lb?ft)
|
120i
|
2004?2007
|
2.0 L
N46
inline-4
|
110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS)
|
200 N?m (148 lb?ft)
|
2007?2013
|
2.0 L
N43
inline-4
|
125 kW (168 hp; 170 PS)
|
210 N?m (155 lb?ft)
|
2006-2011
|
2.0 L
N46N
inline-4
|
125 kW (168 hp; 170 PS)
|
210 N?m (155 lb?ft)
|
125i
|
2007?2013
|
3.0 L
N52
inline-6
|
160 kW (215 hp; 218 PS)
|
270 N?m (199 lb?ft)
|
128i
|
2008-2013
|
3.0 L
N52
inline-6
|
170 kW (228 hp)
|
271 N?m (200 lb?ft)
|
130i
|
2005?2007
|
3.0 L
N52
inline-6
|
195 kW (261 hp)
|
315 N?m (232 lb?ft)
|
2007?2011
|
190 kW (255 hp)
|
310 N?m (229 lb?ft)
|
135i
|
2007?2010
|
3.0 L
N54
inline-6 turbo
|
225 kW (302 hp)
|
400 N?m (295 lb?ft)
|
2010?2013
|
3.0 L
N55
inline-6 turbo
|
135is
|
2013
|
3.0 L
N55
inline-6 turbo
|
239 kW (320 hp)
|
430 N?m (317 lb?ft)
|
1M Coupe
|
2011?2012
|
3.0 L
N54
inline-6 turbo
|
250 kW (335 hp)
|
450 N?m (332 lb?ft)
|
In most countries, the 135i is the top model of the E82/E88 coupe/convertible range (excluding the limited production 1M Coupe).
[48]
From 2007 to 2010, the 135i was powered by the
N54
twin-turbo 3.0-litre engine with a 6-speed manual or a 6-speed automatic transmission.
[49]
[50]
From 2010, the 135i engine was upgraded to the
N55
single-turbo 3.0-litre engine with a 6-speed manual or a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission.
[51]
[52]
The
differential
fitted to the 135i uses double-helical ball bearings, which operate at a lower temperature and reach operating temperature quicker, due to a reduction of fluid required in the differential.
[53]
The 135i brakes are 6-piston front calipers and 2-piston rear calipers, with disk sizes of 338 mm and 324 mm respectively.
[54]
Another E82/E88 coupe/convertible trim sold only in the United States and Canada was the 128i, which was powered by a 170 kW (228 hp) version of the 3.0 litre
BMW N52
inline-6 engine.
The 130i is the top model of the E81/E87 hatchback range and was released in September 2004.
[55]
It is powered by the
N52
3.0-litre naturally aspirated engine
[56]
[57]
and transmission choices were a 6-speed manual or a 6-speed automatic.
[58]
[59]
Diesel
[
edit
]
Model
|
Year
|
Engine
|
Power
|
Torque
|
116d
|
2009?2011
|
2.0 L
N47
inline-4 turbo
|
85 kW (114 hp)
|
260 N?m (192 lb?ft)
|
118d
|
2004?2007
|
2.0 L
M47
inline-4 turbo
|
90 kW (121 hp)
|
280 N?m (207 lb?ft)
|
2007?2013
|
2.0 L
N47
inline-4 turbo
|
105 kW (141 hp)
|
300 N?m (221 lb?ft)
|
120d
|
2004?2007
|
2.0 L
M47
inline-4 turbo
|
120 kW (161 hp)
|
340 N?m (251 lb?ft)
|
2007?2013
|
2.0 L
N47
inline-4 turbo
|
130 kW (174 hp)
|
350 N?m (258 lb?ft)
|
123d
|
2007?2013
|
2.0 L
N47
inline-4 turbo
|
150 kW (201 hp)
|
400 N?m (295 lb?ft)
|
Transmissions
[
edit
]
In early 2006, the 5-speed
manual transmission
was phased out in favour of the 6-speed Getrag GS6 gearbox.
Several 6-speed automatic transmissions were used- the
ZF 6HP
for the 135i,
GM 6L50
for the 128i, and
GM 6L45
for 116i.
[60]
A 7-speed Getrag
dual-clutch transmission
("DCT") was available for the 135i model from 2010.
[61]
BMW Performance upgrades
[
edit
]
BMW offered a "performance power kit" in two stages for the N55 engine. Stage 1 included an ECU remap with a power boost from 225kW to 240kW and 30Nm of extra torque ? now peaking at 430Nm. If installed in an automatic 335i or 135i the torque peak is bumped up by another 20Nm to 450Nm.
[62]
Stage 2 added some additional engine cooling through an additional supplementary radiator and larger cooling fan.
Other upgrade options included a modified rear bumper and performance rear muffler. These options were all included as standard on the US spec 135iS.
Special editions
[
edit
]
1 Series M Coupe
[
edit
]
The
BMW 1 Series M Coupe
(often referred to as the "1M") is the high-performance model of the E82 coupe range, sold under the
BMW M
performance sub-brand. While BMW naming convention would have called the car the "M1", an alternate name was chosen to avoid confusion with the 1970s
BMW M1
supercar.
[63]
At the
2007 Tokyo Auto Show
, BMW unveiled the
1 Series tii Concept
, which was thought to be a preview of the M version of the 1 Series.
[64]
[65]
However, the eventual 1M model appeared four years later and with significant differences, such as an engine with six-cylinders instead of four.
[66]
The 1M was BMW M's second turbocharged engine (after the
S63
V8 which debuted in the X6M). The
BMW N54
fitted to the 1M was originally being used in the
E89 Z4
sDrive35is
and has rated outputs of 250 kW (335 bhp) at 5,900 rpm and 450 N?m (332 lb?ft) from 1,500 to 4,500 rpm.
[67]
An additional 50 N?m (37 lb?ft) is produced during overboost taking overall peak torque to 500 N?m (369 lb?ft).
[68]
The sole transmission available was a six-speed manual.
The front and rear
track widths
were widened by 74 mm (2.9 in) and 46 mm (1.8 in) respectively and a limited-slip differential was used.
[69]
As a result, the overall width is 1,803 mm (71.0 in).
[68]
The curb weight is 3,296 lb (1,495 kg).
[70]
Initial plans were to limit production of the 1M Coupe to 2,700 units, but the final production total was 6,309.
[71]
[72]
The 1M Coupe placed third in the
Evo Magazine
2011 Car of the Year awards.
[73]
It also featured on
Top Gear
on 26 June 2011 and recorded a time of 1:25.0 around the
Top Gear test track
under damp conditions
[74]
[75]
and received "
Richard Hammond
's Car of the Year 2011" award in the
Top Gear
magazine
.
[76]
ActiveE electric car trial
[
edit
]
The
BMW ActiveE
was an
electric car
based on the E82 coupe that was produced in small quantities for demonstration and testing purposes.
[77]
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency rated the range as 151 km (94 mi) and the energy consumption as 33 kW·h per 161 km (100 mi).
[78]
The cars were leased to customers for two years, following which they were taken off the road. A total of 1,100 vehicles were produced, with 700 of these being delivered to U.S. customers beginning in January 2012.
[79]
[80]
Motorsports
[
edit
]
In 2006, a BMW 120d modified with a BMW customer racing kit
[81]
entered by "Schubert Motors" placed 5th at the Nurburgring 24 Hours in a field of 220 cars.
Beric Lynton won the
2014 Australian Production Car Championship
driving a BMW 1M.
In 2019, the UK based 750 Motor Club introduced a one make mini endurance series using the 2004-2006 116i car. Modified from factory production specifications with a coil over suspension kit, reworked motorsport exhaust and re-programmed ECU the cars race in a 90-minute multiple driver format. For 2020, the series attracted regular grids of over 25 cars with more than 50 cars having been built by both privateers and professional teams.
BMW 135is (United States and Canada)
[
edit
]
The 135is coupe and convertible model was sold only for the 2013 model year in the United States and Canada. In other markets, the next generation
F20 1 Series
had replaced the E82/E88 by this stage, with the top-of-the-line M135i sharing the same engine as the 135is.
[82]
The 135is is powered by an upgraded version of the
N55
engine which produces 240 kW (322 hp) and 430 N?m (317 lb?ft), an additional 20 hp and 17 lb-ft of torque over the 135i. Other upgrades include sports suspension, an M Sport body kit, and 18-inch wheels.
[83]
[84]
Production and sales
[
edit
]
The 1 Series was built in
Regensburg
and
Leipzig
, Germany.
The E8x accounted for nearly one-fifth of the total BMW sales in 2008.
[85]
Sales statistics according to BMW's annual reports:
[
citation needed
]
Year
|
Total
|
5-door E87
|
3-door E81
|
Coupe E82
|
Cabriolet E88
|
Comments
|
2004
|
39,247
|
39,247
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Launched in September.
|
2005
|
149,493
|
149,493
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
2006
|
151,918
|
151,918
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
2007
|
165,803
|
133,525
|
30,984
|
1,287
|
7
|
Facelift in March. 3-door version launched in May.
|
2008
|
225,095
|
122,666
|
49,559
|
26,304
|
26,566
|
|
2009
|
216,944
|
120,323
|
44,043
|
24,081
|
28,506
|
|
2010
|
196,004
|
113,030
|
31,980
|
26,191
|
24,803
|
|
2011
|
176,418
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012
|
226,829
|
|
|
|
|
|
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