From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Arab Lictor Youth
(
Arabic
:
???? ????????? ?????
Shab?b Al-L?tt?riw Al-?Arab
,
Italian
:
Gioventu Araba del Littorio
, abbreviated
G.A.L.
) was a
fascist
youth organization for Arab youth in
Italian Libya
.
History
[
edit
]
GAL was founded by the Italian Governor-General in Libya,
Italo Balbo
, in October 1935.
[1]
GAL functioned as the Libyan counterpart of the
Italian Lictor Youth
(GIL).
[2]
GAL was divided into
Aftal
(organizing children up to twelve years of age, similar to the
Opera Nazionale Balilla
movement in Italy) and
Sciubban
(organizing youngsters between thirteen and eighteen years of age). GAL was mainly based in the larger cities along the
Mediterranean
coast.
[1]
GAL contingents marched at virtually all parades
[3]
and festivals held in Libya at the time.
[2]
The organization provided pre-military and cultural education to Libyan Arab youth. These training programmes became an important part of the educational system during fascist rule in Libya, preparing young Libyans for military service in the Italian armed forces.
[4]
[5]
GAL also had sports activities; it was one of two sports organization in Libya at the time which was open to Muslims.
[6]
The sporting activities of the organization were led by Ramadan Ali.
[7]
The GAL team of football was admitted to play in the last "Campionato tripolino di calcio" (the last "Tripoli championship") in 1940,
[8]
before
WW2
blocked all sport activities in Libya.
As per ideological indoctrination, there is little evidence to suggest that the organization was particularly successful in instilling fascist ideological doctrine amongst the Libyan youth.
[2]
Having had at least one year of membership in GAL was one of the conditions for Libyan Muslims seeking "Cittadinanza Italiana Speciale" (Italian Special citizenship, created for indigenous Libyans only within
Italian Libya
; they could not migrate to Italy proper).
[9]
There was also a corresponding movements for adults, the
Muslim Association of the Lictor
(a referent of the
National Fascist Party
).
[10]
Bibliography
[
edit
]
- Del Boca, Angelo.
Gli italiani in Libia. Vol. 1: Tripoli bel suol d'Amore
. Milano, Mondadori, 1997.
- Smeaton Munro, Ion.
Through Fascism to World Power: A History of the Revolution in Italy
. Ayer Publishing. Manchester (New Hampshire), 1971.
ISBN
0-8369-5912-4
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
Munzi, Massimiliano.
L'epica del ritorno: archeologia e politica nella Tripolitania italiana
. Saggi di storia antica, 17. Roma: "L'Erma" di Bretschneider, 2001. 83
- ^
a
b
c
Segre, Claudio G.
Italo Balbo: A Fascist Life
. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987. p. 328
- ^
"Original Video of 1937 with GAL parade (in Italian)"
. Archived from
the original
on 2015-10-24
. Retrieved
2019-05-12
.
- ^
McLaren, Brian.
Architecture and Tourism in Italian Colonial Libya: An Ambivalent Modernism
. Studies in modernity and national identity. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2005. p. 101
- ^
Kotschnig, Walter M.
Review: The School in Colonial Expansion
- ^
Scego, Igiaba.
Apartheid italico
Archived
July 22, 2011, at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
Gabrielli, Gianluca.
L'attivita sportiva nelle colonie italiane durante il fascismo.
[
permanent dead link
]
- ^
Football in Italian Libya
[
permanent dead link
]
- ^
Tironi, Stefano.
La comunita ebraica tripolina tra la Libia e Roma
- ^
Storia del Ventennio Fascista
[
permanent dead link
]
See also
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edit
]
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Governors
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General History
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Provinces
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Related articles
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Colonial troops
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