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Continental tectonic plate comprising most of the Anatolia (Asia Minor) peninsula
The
Anatolian Sub-Plate
[1]
[2]
is a
continental
tectonic plate
that is separated from the
Eurasian plate
and the
Arabian plate
by the
North Anatolian Fault
and the
East Anatolian Fault
respectively. Most of the country of
Turkey
is located on the Anatolian plate.
[3]
Most significant earthquakes in the region have historically occurred along the northern fault, such as the
1939 Erzincan earthquake
. The devastating
2023 Turkey?Syria earthquake
occurred along the active East Anatolian fault at a
strike slip fault
where the Arabian plate is sliding past the Anatolian plate horizontally.
[4]
[5]
According to the
American Museum of Natural History
, the Anatolian transform fault system is "probably the most active in the world".
[6]
The
East Anatolian Fault
, a left lateral
transform fault
, forms a boundary with the
Arabian Plate
.
[7]
To the south and southwest is a
convergent boundary
with the
African Plate
. This convergence manifests in compressive features within the oceanic crust beneath the
Mediterranean
as well as within the
continental crust
of
Anatolia
itself, and also by what are generally considered to be
subduction
zones along the
Hellenic
and
Cyprus arcs
. The northern edge is a
transform boundary
with the
Eurasian Plate
, forming the
North Anatolian Fault
Zone (NAFZ).
Research indicates that the Anatolian Plate is rotating counterclockwise as it is being pushed west by the Arabian Plate, impeded from any northerly movement by the Eurasian Plate.
[8]
In some references, the Anatolian Plate is referred to as a "block" of continental crust still coupled to the Eurasian Plate. But studies of the North Anatolian Fault indicate that Anatolia is de-coupled from the Eurasian Plate.
[8]
It is now being squeezed by the Arabian Plate from the east and forced toward the west as the Eurasian Plate to its north is blocking motion in that direction. The African Plate is subducting beneath the Anatolian Plate along the
Cyprus
and Hellenic Arcs offshore in the Mediterranean Sea.
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Eastern Turkey IRIS Report"
.
- ^
Ozalp, Selim; Kurcer, Akın; Ozdemir, Ersin; Duman, Tamer Y. (2016).
"The Bekten Fault: the palaeoseismic behaviour and kinematic characteristics of an intervening segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Southern Marmara Region, Turkey"
.
Geodinamica Acta
.
28
(4): 347?362.
Bibcode
:
2016GeoAc..28..347O
.
doi
:
10.1080/09853111.2016.1208524
.
The Anatolian tectonic block (sub-plate) is being affected by converging plate movements that occur between the Arabian-African and Eurasian plates (e.g. Armijo, Meyer, Hubert, & Barka, Citation1999; Bozkurt, Citation2001; Jackson & McKenzie, Citation1984; Le Pichon, Chamot-Rooke, Lallemant, Noomen, & Veis, Citation1995; McKenzie, Citation1972, 1978; ?engor, Citation1979, 1980; Sengor, Gorur, & Saroglu, Citation1985; Taymaz, Jackson, & McKenzie, Citation1991). As a result of this collision, the North Anatolian (NAF) and East Anatolian (EAF) transform faults have been formed. The Anatolian sub-plate is bounded to the north and east by these faults. The impingement started to move the sub-plate westward and resulted compression and uplifts near the Karlıova triple junction in the Eastern Anatolia. As a result of anti-clockwise rotational movement of the Anatolian sub-plate in a westward direction four different neotectonic regions have been formed namely: (1) East Anatolian compressional region, (2) North Anatolian region, (3) Central Anatolian 'ova' region and (4) West Anatolian extensional region (Sengor et al., Citation1985).
- ^
Magazine, Smithsonian; Osborne, Margaret.
"7.8-Magnitude Earthquake Felt 'Like the Apocalypse' in Turkey and Syria"
.
Smithsonian Magazine
.
- ^
"Here's what we know about what caused the Turkey earthquake"
.
NPR
. Retrieved
15 February
2023
.
- ^
"Eastern Turkey IRIS Report"
.
atlas.geo.cornell.edu
.
- ^
"Anatolian Fault, Turkey | AMNH"
.
- ^
Dwivedi, S.K.; Hayashi, D. (August 2010). "Modeling the contemporary stress field and deformation pattern of eastern Mediterranean".
Journal of Earth Science
.
21
(4): 365?381.
Bibcode
:
2010JEaSc..21..365D
.
doi
:
10.1007/s12583-010-0100-6
.
S2CID
128589145
.
- ^
a
b
Reilinger, R.E.; McClusky, S.C.; Oral, M.B.; King, R.W.; Toksoz, M.N.; Barka, A.A.; Kinik, I.; Lenk, O.; Sanli, I. (May 10, 1997). "Global Positioning System measurements of present-day crustal movements in the Arabia-Africa-Eurasia plate collision zone".
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
.
102
(B5): 9983?9999.
Bibcode
:
1997JGR...102.9983R
.
doi
:
10.1029/96JB03736
.
External links
[
edit
]