Exhibition halls at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City
The
Allison and Roberto Mignone Halls of Gems and Minerals
are a series of exhibition halls at the
American Museum of Natural History
on the
Upper West Side
in
Manhattan
,
New York City
. The halls opened on June 12, 2021, as a complete redesign of their predecessors, the
Harry Frank Guggenheim Hall of Gems and Minerals
and
Morgan Memorial Hall of Gems
.
[1]
The halls feature thousands of rare gems, mineral specimens and pieces of jewelry.
[2]
History
[
edit
]
The Mignone Halls replaced two permanent exhibits, the Guggenheim and Morgan Memorial halls, which previously displayed specimens from the museum's mineral and gem collections. The
Harry Frank Guggenheim
Hall of Minerals housed hundreds of unusual geological specimens. It adjoined the Morgan Memorial Hall of
Gems
that showcased many rare, and valuable gemstones. At the time of its completion in 1976, the Guggenheim Hall was praised as "one of the finest museum installations that New York or any city has seen in some years" by
New York Times
critic Paul Goldberger, who also complimented the space for its dynamic use of curves, ramps, steps, and level changes, and soft atmosphere.
[3]
The Guggenheim and Morgan halls featured the
Star of India
, the
Eagle Diamond
, the
DeLong Star Ruby
and the Midnight Star, which were stolen from the museum on October 29, 1964.
[4]
The burglars, who included
Jack Murphy
, gained entrance by climbing through a bathroom window they had unlocked hours before the museum was closed. The DeLong Star Ruby and the Midnight Star were both recovered. Weeks later, the Star of India was later recovered from a locker in a
Miami
bus station, but the Eagle Diamond was never found; it may have been recut or lost.
[5]
The DeLong Star Ruby was recovered for a $25,000 ransom, paid by Florida businessman
John D. MacArthur
.
[6]
By 2017, the same features that had made the exhibit cutting-edge were seen as outdated. The vice president for exhibitions at the museum compared the old layout to a labyrinth, and called it mysterious.
[7]
On October 26, 2017, the exhibit closed to undergo a $32 million redesign by Ralph Appelbaum Associates.
[2]
[8]
The redesigned halls were scheduled to be completed in 2020 to correspond with the museum's 150th anniversary, but their reopening was delayed by the
COVID-19 pandemic
.
[9]
On June 12, 2021, the renovated halls reopened to the general public.
[7]
Exhibits
[
edit
]
Old exhibits
[
edit
]
On display were many renowned samples that were chosen from among the museum's more than 100,000 pieces. Among these were the Patricia Emerald, a 632
carat
(126 g) stone that is considered one of the world's great
emeralds
for its size and color, and also because it is dihexagonal, or 12-sided.
[10]
It was discovered in 1920 in a
mine
high in the
Colombian Andes
. The Patricia is one of the few large gem-quality emeralds that remains uncut.
[11]
Also on display was the 563 carat (113 g)
Star of India
, the largest, and most famous, star sapphire in the world. It was discovered over 300 years ago in
Sri Lanka
,
[
citation needed
]
most likely in the sands of ancient river beds from where sapphires continue to be found today. It was donated to the museum by the financier J.P. Morgan. The thin, radiant, six pointed star, or
asterism
, is created by incoming light that reflects from needle-like crystals of the mineral
rutile
which are found within the sapphire. The Star of India is polished into the shape of a
cabochon
, or dome, to enhance the star's beauty.
[12]
Among other notable specimens on display were a 596-pound (270 kg)
topaz
, a 4.5 ton block of blue
azurite
/
malachite
ore that was found in the
Copper Queen Mine
in
Bisbee, Arizona
at the start of the 20th century;
[13]
and a rare, 100 carat (20 g) orange-colored padparadschan sapphire from Sri Lanka, considered "the mother of all pads."
[14]
The collection also included the Midnight Star Ruby, a 116.75-carat deep purplish-red
star ruby
.
New exhibits
[
edit
]
The new exhibits explore a range of topics, including the diversification of
mineral species
over the course of Earth's history,
plate tectonics
, and the stories of specific
gems
.
[7]
They have adopted newer philosophies in
exhibit design
, including a focus on storytelling, interactivity, and connecting ideas across disciplines.
[7]
Notable exhibits include:
- The Star of India
- a 563-carat star
sapphire
, the largest of its kind in the world.
- The DeLong Star Ruby
- a 100-carat stone discovered in
Burma
in the 1930s.
- The Patricia Emerald
- a 12-sided 632-carat
emerald
found in
Colombia
in 1920, unique because it was never cut into a
gem shape
.
[2]
- The Brazilian Princess Topaz
- a light blue gemstone weighing 9.5 pounds, considered to be the largest cut gemstone in the world.
[15]
- The Subway Garnet
- a nine-pound almandine
garnet
measuring almost six inches in diameter, discovered during a sewer excavation in
New York City
in 1885.
[16]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Zimmerman, Eileen (February 19, 2021).
"A New York Museum Staple Gets a New Glimmer"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
July 7,
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
Dukes, Tanya (May 23, 2021).
"Some Famous Gems Get a New Setting"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
July 7,
2021
.
- ^
Goldberger, Paul (April 14, 1977).
"Design Notebook"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
July 7,
2021
.
- ^
Montgomery, Paul (November 1, 1964).
"3 Seized in Theft of Museum Gems"
.
The New York Times
.
- ^
"The AMNH Gem and Mineral Collection"
.
Archived
from the original on January 29, 2009
. Retrieved
January 14,
2009
.
- ^
Kriplen, Nancy (2008).
The Eccentric Billionaire: John D. MacArthur -- Empire Builder, Reluctant Philanthropist, Relentless Adversary
. New York: AMACOM/ American Management Association. pp.
6?9
.
ISBN
9780814408896
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Zimmerman, Eileen (May 19, 2021).
"A New York Museum Staple Gets a New Glimmer"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
July 7,
2021
.
- ^
Roberts, Sam (October 17, 2017).
"New Home for Gems and Minerals at the Museum of Natural History"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
July 7,
2021
.
- ^
"Opening of the Mignone Halls of Gems and Minerals Postponed"
(Press release). American Museum of Natural History
. Retrieved
July 7,
2020
.
- ^
Morgan, Diane (2007).
From Satan's Crown to the Holy Grail: Emeralds in Myth, Magic, and History
. Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Praeger. p. 109.
ISBN
9780275991234
.
- ^
"The Patricia Emerald"
. American Museum of Natural History
. Retrieved
October 29,
2012
.
- ^
"Star of India"
. American Museum of Natural History
. Retrieved
October 29,
2012
.
- ^
"Hall of Minerals and Gems"
.
Archived
from the original on February 27, 2009
. Retrieved
March 4,
2009
.
- ^
Hughes, Richard W.
"Padparadscha and Pink Sapphire Defined"
.
Archived
from the original on March 3, 2009
. Retrieved
March 4,
2009
.
- ^
"Brazilian Princess Topaz"
.
Smithsonian Institution
. Retrieved
July 7,
2021
.
- ^
Shulz, Bill (September 24, 2015).
"The Subway Garnet"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
July 7,
2020
.
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