Turkish-American businessman (1923?2006)
Ahmet Ertegun
|
---|
|
|
Birth name
| Ahmet Munir
|
---|
Also known as
| A. Nugetre
|
---|
Born
| (
1923-07-31
)
July 31, 1923
Istanbul
,
Turkey
|
---|
Origin
| Washington, D.C., U.S.
|
---|
Died
| December 14, 2006
(2006-12-14)
(aged 83)
New York City, U.S.
|
---|
Genres
| Blues
,
rhythm and blues
,
rock and roll
|
---|
Occupation(s)
| Record label executive
,
record producer
,
songwriter
,
composer
,
philanthropist
|
---|
Years active
| 1944?2006
|
---|
Labels
| Atlantic
|
---|
Musical artist
Ahmet Ertegun
(
AH
-met
AIR
-t?-g?n
; Turkish:
Ahmet Zahrettin Sebuhi Ertegun
,
pronounced
[ah?met
e?te??yn]
; July 31, 1923 ? December 14, 2006) was a Turkish-American businessman, songwriter, record executive and
philanthropist
.
Ertegun was the co-founder and president of
Atlantic Records
. He discovered and championed many leading
rhythm and blues
and
rock
musicians. Ertegun also wrote classic
blues
and
pop
songs. He served as the chairman of the
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
and museum, located in
Cleveland, Ohio
. Ertegun has been described as "one of the most significant figures in the modern recording industry."
[1]
In 2017 he was inducted into the
Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame
in recognition of his work in the music business.
Ertegun helped foster ties between the U.S. and
Turkey
, his birthplace. He served as the chairman of the
American Turkish Society
for over 20 years until his death.
[2]
He also co-founded the
New York Cosmos
soccer
team of the
original North American Soccer League
.
Background
[
edit
]
Ertegun was born Ahmet Munir in
Istanbul
, Turkey, on July 31, 1923.
[3]
His mother, Hayrunnisa, was an accomplished musician who played keyboard and stringed instruments. She bought the popular records of the day, to which Ahmet and his brother,
Nesuhi
listened.
[4]
His older brother Nesuhi introduced him to jazz music, taking him at the age of nine to see the
Duke Ellington
and
Cab Calloway
orchestras in London.
[5]
In 1935, Ahmet and his family moved to
Washington, D.C.
, with his father,
Munir Ertegun
, who was appointed as the Ambassador of the Republic of Turkey to the United States.
[6]
When Ahmet was 14, his mother bought him a record-cutting machine, which he used to compose and add lyrics to instrumental records.
Ertegun's love for music pulled him into the heart of Washington, DC's black district where he would routinely see such top acts as Duke Ellington, Cab Calloway,
Billie Holiday
and
Louis Armstrong
. He attended
Landon School
, an affluent all-male private school in
Bethesda, Maryland
. Ahmet joked, "I got my real education at the Howard" ? Howard being the
Howard Theatre
, an historic performance space located in Washington, DC.
[7]
[8]
Despite his affluent upbringing, Ertegun began to see a different world from his wealthy peers. Ertegun would later say: "I began to discover a little bit about the situation of black people in America and experienced immediate empathy with the victims of such senseless discrimination, because, although Turks were never slaves, they were regarded as enemies within Europe because of their
Muslim
beliefs."
[7]
Ertegun and his brother frequented
Milt Gabler
's
Commodore Music Shop
, assembled a collection of over 15,000 jazz and blues
78s
, and became acquainted with musicians such as Ellington,
Lena Horne
and
Jelly Roll Morton
. Ahmet and Nesuhi staged concerts by
Lester Young
,
Sidney Bechet
and other jazz giants. They also traveled to
New Orleans
and to
Harlem
to listen to music and develop a keen awareness of developing musical tastes.
Ertegun graduated from
St. John's College
in
Annapolis
in 1944. In November of the same year, Munir Ertegun died. In 1946 President
Harry Truman
ordered the battleship
USS
Missouri
to return his body to Turkey as a demonstration of friendship between the US and Turkey. This show of support was meant to counter the
Soviet Union
's potential political demands on Turkey.
At the time of his father's death, Ahmet was taking graduate courses in
medieval philosophy
at
Georgetown University
.
Soon afterward, when the rest of the family returned permanently to Turkey, Ahmet and Nesuhi stayed in the United States. While Nesuhi moved to
Los Angeles
, Ahmet stayed in Washington and decided to get into the record business as a temporary measure to help him through college.
Early career
[
edit
]
In 1946, Ertegun became friends with
Herb Abramson
, a
dental
student and
A&R
man for
National Records
, and they decided to start a new independent record label for
gospel
,
jazz
, and
R&B music
. Financed by family dentist Dr. Vahdi Sabit, they formed Atlantic Records in September 1947 in New York City. The first recording sessions took place that November.
In 1949, after 22 unsuccessful record releases, including the first recordings by
Professor Longhair
, Atlantic had its first major hit with
Stick McGhee
's "
Drinkin' Wine Spo-Dee-O-Dee
". The company expanded through the 1950s, with
Jerry Wexler
and, later, Ertegun's brother Nesuhi on board as partners. Hit artists that recorded on Atlantic included
Ruth Brown
,
Big Joe Turner
,
The Clovers
,
The Drifters
,
The Coasters
and
Ray Charles
.
Like the Erteguns, many independent record executives were from immigrant backgrounds, including the
Bihari
and the
Chess brothers
. The Ertegun brothers brought a jazz sensibility (and many jazz artists) into R&B, successfully combining blues and jazz styles from around the country. Atlantic helped challenge the primacy of the major labels of the time by discovering, developing, and nurturing new talent. It became the premier rhythm and blues label in a few years and, with the help of innovative engineer/producer
Tom Dowd
, set new standards in producing high-quality recordings. Atlantic was among the first labels to record in
stereo
, and in 1957 was the first record company to utilize an
8-track tape machine
.
[9]
Ertegun himself wrote a number of classic
blues
songs, including "Chains of Love" and "Sweet Sixteen", under the
pseudonym
"A. Nugetre" ("Ertegun" backwards). The songs were given expression first by Big Joe Turner and continued in
B.B. King
's repertoire. "Chains of Love" was a popular hit for
Pat Boone
. He also wrote the Ray Charles hit "
Mess Around
", with lyrics that drew heavily on "
Pinetop's Boogie Woogie
". He was briefly listed as "Nuggy" in the credits before changing to "A. Nugetre". Ertegun was part of the shouting choral group on Turner's "
Shake, Rattle and Roll
", along with Wexler and songwriter
Jesse Stone
. He also wrote "Ting A Ling", a 1956 hit for The Clovers that was covered by
Buddy Holly
. "Fool, Fool, Fool", another Clovers song was a hit for
Kay Starr
. His "
Don't Play That Song (You Lied)
" was recorded by
Aretha Franklin
,
Ben E. King
, and in an international version by
Adriano Celentano
.
The five lines of the lyrics of "Lovey Dovey" by the Clovers were used by
Steve Miller
in his hit "
The Joker
". Other Nugetre rhythm and blues hits include "Whatcha Gonna Do" by The Drifters, "Wild, Wild Young Men" by Ruth Brown, Ray Charles's "Heartbreaker", "Middle of the Night" by The Clovers, "Ti-Ri-Lee" by Big Joe Turner, and "Story of My Love" by
LaVern Baker
. All of these were originally recorded for Atlantic Records. He also wrote "Missa Olit Silloin (Dawn in Ankara)" for Finnish singer Irina Milan as Ahmet Ertegun.
In 1958, Ertegun replaced Abramson as Atlantic's president and Abramson left the company after selling his financial interest.
[10]
Marriages
[
edit
]
On 6 January 1953 Ertegun married Jan Holm (nee Enstam), a Swedish-American actress, fashion model, and set designer, who was the daughter of Carl Enstam and the former wife of
Edward Walter Rathbun
. She and Ertegun had no children and divorced in about 1956.
[11]
[12]
In 1961 he married Ioana Maria "
Mica
" Grecianu, the former wife of Stefan Grecianu and a daughter of
Gheorghe Banu
, a Romanian doctor and statesman. Mica later became a well-known interior designer, a co-founder of the decorating firm MAC II. The couple had no children.
[13]
[12]
: 143?146
Later career
[
edit
]
In the 1960s, Atlantic, often in partnerships with local labels like
Stax Records
in
Memphis
, helped to develop the growth of
soul music
, with artists such as Ben E. King,
Solomon Burke
,
Otis Redding
,
Sam and Dave
,
Percy Sledge
,
Aretha Franklin
and
Wilson Pickett
. Ertegun helped introduce America to
The Rascals
when he discovered the group at a
Westhampton
nightclub in 1965 and signed them to Atlantic. They went on to chart 13
Top 40
singles in four years and were elected to the
Rock-n-Roll Hall of Fame
in 1997. Ertegun heard
Led Zeppelin
's
demo
and knew they would be a smash hit after hearing the first few songs, and quickly signed them. In the late 1970s, during the disco era, Ertegun contracted producer Silvio Tancredi (Wonderband,
Lourett Russell Grant
, Herbie Mann) to Atlantic Records. Atlantic Records also held the rights to recordings by
Stephen Stills
. After negotiating with
David Geffen
, who in turn was negotiating with
Clive Davis
at
Columbia Records
to transfer the rights to
David Crosby
and
Graham Nash
to Atlantic Records, he signed
Crosby, Stills and Nash
[14]
and convinced the trio to allow
Neil Young
to join them on one of their tours, thereby founding
Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young
.
Ertegun initially had no desire to sell Atlantic, but his partner Jerry Wexler was nervous about the label's future and after convincing Ertegun's brother Nesuhi of his position, Ertegun eventually conceded and they sold Atlantic to
Warner Bros.-Seven Arts
in 1967 for $17 million in stock, although Wexler later admitted that, because of assets like the rights to the hit movie
Woodstock
and
the accompanying record
, the deal paid them less than half of what the label was actually worth.
[15]
Wexler had seen the other 1950s independent record labels disappear with the waning popularity of rhythm and blues, and said only Ertegun's foresightful adaptation of signing white rock musicians turned out to be the basis of Atlantic's continued success.
[16]
Four years later, the Ertegun brothers took some of the money and co-founded the
New York Cosmos
Association football
(soccer) team of the
North American Soccer League
. They were instrumental in bringing soccer legends like
Pele
,
Carlos Alberto
and
Franz Beckenbauer
to the club. They transformed the Cosmos into a "dream team".
When Atlantic became part of the
Kinney
conglomerate in 1969, and later part of
Time Warner
, Atlantic Records continued with Ertegun at the helm, and although he was less directly involved as a producer, he wielded considerable influence in the new conglomerate. He continued to produce some
rock
acts, such as
Dr. John
and
The Honeydrippers
. He also used his considerable personal skills in negotiations with major stars, such as when
The Rolling Stones
were shopping for a record company to distribute their independent
Rolling Stones Records
label. Ertegun personally conducted the negotiations with
Mick Jagger
, successfully completing the deal between the Stones and Atlantic, when other labels had actually offered the band more money. He took a personal interest in the progressive rock band
Yes
, and took a strong stand with bassist
Chris Squire
on the direction of the
90125
album. He encouraged Squire and the group to make sure the album produced a hit single, which it did with "
Owner of a Lonely Heart
".
In 1987 Ertegun was inducted into the
Rock & Roll Hall of Fame
, of which he himself was a founder. In the late 1980s, with the support of
Bonnie Raitt
and others, he provided $1.5 million to help establish the
Rhythm and Blues Foundation
to award money to underpaid blues artists. The Foundation's establishment arose from a lengthy battle by Ruth Brown and other Atlantic artists to obtain unpaid past royalties from the company; other record companies later also contributed. Among early recipients of payments were
John Lee Hooker
,
Bo Diddley
,
Johnny "Guitar" Watson
, Ruth Brown and the
Staple Singers
. In 1988, he received the Golden Plate Award of the
American Academy of Achievement
.
[17]
Ertegun received an
honorary doctorate
in music from the
Berklee College of Music
in
Boston
in 1991, and was awarded the
Grammy Trustees Award
for his lifetime achievements in 1993. At the tenth annual Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Dinner in 1995, it was announced that the museum's main exhibition hall would be named after him.
The
United States Library of Congress
honored Ertegun as a
Living Legend
in 2000. With brother Nesuhi, he was inducted into the
National Soccer Hall of Fame
in 2003. In 2005, the
National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences
presented Ertegun with the first "President's Merit Award Salute To Industry Icons". He was also a recipient of The International Center in New York's Award of Excellence.
Ertegun is interviewed on screen in the 2005 documentary film
Make It Funky!
, which presents a history of
New Orleans music
and its influence on
rhythm and blues
,
rock and roll
,
funk
and
jazz
.
[18]
[19]
Ertegun approved the recording and release of
Music of the Whirling Dervishes
, featuring ayin singer
Kani Karaca
and
ney
player
Akagunduz Kutbay
on the Atlantic label.
Philanthropy
[
edit
]
In addition to being a seminal figure in the history of popular music, Ertegun was also a prominent philanthropist dedicated to enhancing relations and cultural understanding between the United States and his native country, Turkey. As the chairman of The
American Turkish Society
, he introduced numerous American dignitaries, business leaders, investors, and artists to Turkey and garnered U.S. support for Turkey. Following the
devastating earthquake
near Istanbul in 1999, Ertegun was instrumental in the success of the Society's Earthquake Relief Fund, which raised over $4 million for Turkey's rebuilding efforts, particularly in education.
[20]
In addition to his endeavors at The American Turkish Society, Ertegun funded the Turkish studies departments at
Princeton
and
Georgetown
universities. In 2008, the Ahmet Ertegun Memorial Scholarship, established by the American Turkish Society, was officially announced and designated for music students of Turkish descent to study at the
Juilliard School
.
[21]
2006 injury and death
[
edit
]
On October 29, 2006, Ertegun tripped, striking his head on a concrete floor during a
Rolling Stones
concert at the
Beacon Theatre
. He was immediately taken to hospital.
[22]
Ertegun fell into a
coma
and died on December 14, 2006, at
Weill Cornell Medical Center
.
[23]
[24]
Ertegun was buried December 18 in the Garden of Sufi Tekke, Ozbekler Tekkesi in
Sultantepe
,
Uskudar
, Istanbul next to his brother, his father and his sheikh great-grandfather ?eyh ?brahim Edhem Efendi, who was once the head of the
tekke
in his native Turkey.
Memorial events
[
edit
]
A memorial service for Ertegun was held in New York on April 17, 2007. A large part of the evening was given over to musical performances.
Wynton Marsalis
opened the tribute with the
jazz standard
"Didn't He Ramble",
Eric Clapton
and
Dr. John
performed "Drinkin' Wine Spo-Dee-O-Dee", and other performers included
Solomon Burke
,
Ben E. King
,
Sam Moore
,
Stevie Nicks
,
Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
, and
Phil Collins
.
[25]
Another informal salute to him took place in Los Angeles on July 31, 2007, the anniversary of his birth. The tribute took place at
Grauman's Egyptian Theatre
in Hollywood. Several of his friends shared anecdotes about their experiences with him and the assembled gathering then saw a special screening of the
American Masters
documentary
Atlantic Records: The House That Ahmet Built
.
[26]
Among those who paid tribute to Ertegun in person were:
Solomon Burke
,
Jerry Leiber
&
Mike Stoller
,
Keith Emerson
,
Peter Asher
,
Spencer Davis
, the film's producer (and longtime friend)
Phil Carson
,
Taylor Hackford
, and event producer
Martin Lewis
.
[27]
The
Martin Scorsese
film
Shine a Light
, about
The Rolling Stones
' concert at the
Beacon Theatre
in New York at which Ertegun sustained the injury that ultimately ended his life, contains a dedication to Ertegun.
Andrea Corr
's solo album
Ten Feet High
is also dedicated "To the memory of Ahmet Ertegun".
In honor of the barriers the Ertegun brothers broke during their time in segregated Washington, the Turkish Ambassador to the U.S.,
Namik Tan
, hosted a series of jazz concerts at the historical residence on Sheridan Circle in Washington, D.C. The "Ertegun Jazz Series," in collaboration with
Jazz at Lincoln Center
, reviving the brothers' legacy of bridging cultures and bringing people together with one common objective: celebrating music. In that same spirit, Ambassador Tan opened the doors of his home to residents of D.C. from various backgrounds ? Members of Congress, Administration officials, academia, the media, business leaders, and others.
Tribute concert
[
edit
]
Led Zeppelin
reunited for a one-off show in a tribute to Ertegun at
The O2 Arena
in London on December 10, 2007. It remains one of only four times the band's surviving members have reunited since drummer
John Bonham
's death in 1980; the other three being the 1985
Live Aid
concert, the 1988 Atlantic Records 40th anniversary concert (which Ertegun attended) and their 1995 induction into the
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
. It remains their only full concert since their official break-up in 1980.
The band headlined a bill that also included
Paolo Nutini
,
Mick Jones of Foreigner
and
Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings
who supported their acts, and additionally shared the stage with them. The show was held to raise money for the Ahmet Ertegun Education Fund, which pays for university scholarships in the UK, US and Turkey. The show had been scheduled for late November but was postponed by two weeks because
Jimmy Page
fractured a finger.
Art collection
[
edit
]
Ertegun's collection of
modernist
works is now housed at
The Baker Museum
in
Naples, Florida
. The collection includes works by
Oscar Bluemner
,
Thomas Hart Benton
,
Stuart Davis
,
Werner Drewes
, John Ferren,
Ilya Bolotowsky
, and
Albert Swinden
; Ertegun's
alma mater
, St. John's College, presented an exhibition of works from this collection in 2015.
[28]
In popular culture
[
edit
]
Ertegun has been represented several times in popular culture. In
Ray
, the
biopic
of
Ray Charles
, he is portrayed by
Curtis Armstrong
. In
Beyond the Sea
, the biopic about
Bobby Darin
, he is played by
Tayfun Bademsoy
.
Musician
Frank Zappa
named his son
Ahmet
after Ertegun, who played an important role in Zappa's early career.
[
citation needed
]
Ertegun is also briefly mentioned in Zappa's film
200 Motels
.
Controversies
[
edit
]
Views on the Armenian Genocide
[
edit
]
Musician
Serj Tankian
(from
System of a Down
) has claimed that Ertegun was against
recognising
the
Armenian Genocide
in line with the official policy of Turkey, Ertegun's home country.
[29]
In December 2006 (shortly after Ertegun's death),
[30]
Harut Sassounian
, an Armenian-American writer and contributor for
The Huffington Post
,
[30]
published an
op-ed
in which he claims that he had talked personally with Ertegun some time before his death, and that Ertegun did acknowledge the Armenian Genocide,
[30]
and he even wished to speak publicly about it;
[30]
according to Sassounian, Ertegun "firmly believed that once
Ankara
put the issue of the Genocide behind it, the country would attain the respect of the international community and would not waste its efforts and resources to counter Armenian efforts for Genocide recognition".
[30]
The writer ends his piece by explaining: "I could not write this column while he [Ertegun] was alive, since I did not want him to become the target of hate mails and threats from Turkish extremists by alerting them that he was considering the possibility of issuing a public statement on the Armenian Genocide. Alas, he passed away without being able to do so, which is a great loss for both Armenians and Turks. I hasten to add that it is a greater loss for Turkey. Ertegun believed that by acknowledging the Genocide, Turkey would earn many political dividends and lose practically nothing!"
[30]
2017 sexual harassment/assault allegation
[
edit
]
In 2017, Dorothy Carvello alleged that Ertegun tried to remove her underwear and groped her under her shirt at a public event in 1987. Her book
Anything for a Hit
tells of her experiences.
[31]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Ahmet Ertegun"
.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"The American Turkish Society"
. The American Turkish Society
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
Hoover, Gary (May 20, 2021).
"Ahmet Ertegun: America's Greatest Music Man"
.
- ^
Zarr, Gerald.
"Rock & Roll Ambassador"
.
Saudi Aramco World
(November/December 2013 ed.). Archived from
the original
on February 15, 2015
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
Weiner, Tim (December 15, 2006).
"Ahmet Ertegun, Music Executive, Dies at 83"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Turkish Embassy in Washington, D.C"
. Vasington.be.mfa.gov.tr
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
a
b
Greenfield, Robert
(January 25, 2007).
"Atlantic Records founder Ahmet Ertegun signed everyone from Ray Charles to the Rolling Stones and Led Zeppelin"
.
Rolling Stone
. Archived from
the original
on November 10, 2013
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
Jackson, Maurice (November 1, 2013).
"Maurice Jackson: Remembering the Turkish brothers who helped change race relations in America"
. Thehill.com
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
Simons, Dave (December 20, 2006).
"Remembering Ahmet Ertegun and Atlantic's Early Years"
. BMI
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Ahmet Ertegun: America's Greatest Music Man"
. May 26, 2021.
- ^
"Ahmet Ertegun"
. Telegraph. December 18, 2006.
Archived
from the original on January 12, 2022
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
a
b
Greenberg, Robert (2012).
The Last Sultan: The Life and Times of Ahmet Ertegun
. Simon & Schuster.
: 78?82
- ^
Brown, Mick (February 29, 2012).
"Mica Ertegun: 'Should I buy diamonds instead?'
"
. Telegraph.
Archived
from the original on January 12, 2022
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
King, Tom (2001).
The Operator: David Geffen Builds, Buys, and Sells the New Hollywood
. New York: Broadway Books. p. 110.
- ^
Wade, Dorothy; Pickardine, Justine (1990).
Music Man: Ahmet Ertegun, Atlantic Records and the Triumph of Rock'n'Roll
. New York: W.H. Norton & Co. pp.
144
?147.
ISBN
0-393-02635-3
.
- ^
"Atlantic Records; The House That Ahmet Built" Rhino DVD, 2007.
- ^
"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
.
www.achievement.org
.
American Academy of Achievement
.
- ^
"IAJE What's Going On".
Jazz Education Journal
.
37
(5). Manhattan, Kansas: International Association of Jazz Educators: 87. April 2005.
ISSN
1540-2886
.
ProQuest
1370090
.
- ^
Make It Funky!
(DVD). Culver City, California: Sony Pictures Home Entertainment. 2005.
ISBN
9781404991583
.
OCLC
61207781
. 11952.
- ^
"Philanthropist And Prominent Liaison Between The U.S. And Turkey Dies At 83"
. Z2systems.com. December 15, 2006
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Scholarship Created to Honor Ahmet Ertegun"
. May 2008. Archived from
the original
on October 25, 2014.
- ^
"Ahmet Ertegun has serious head injury"
.
UPI
. November 5, 2006
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Music world legend Ahmet Ertegun on life-support in NYC"
.
Hurriyet
. December 7, 2006
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Music pioneer Ahmet Ertegun dies at 83"
.
Trend.Az
. December 15, 2006
. Retrieved
June 30,
2018
.
- ^
"Wynton played at Ahmet Ertegun memorial tribute"
.
Wynton Marsalis official website
. April 22, 2007
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Atlantic Records: The House That Ahmet Built"
.
American Masters
. May 2, 2007
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
"Atlantic Records: The House that Ahmet Built"
. Archived from
the original
on July 13, 2007
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
- ^
Notice from St. John's College about exhibit, March 11-April 19, 2015.
- ^
"SERJ TANKIAN Tells JIMMY PAGE Man Who Signed LED ZEPPELIN Gave His Philanthropic Support to Denial of Armenian Genocide"
. December 11, 2021.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
Ahmet Ertegun Knew What Was Good For Turkey: Genocide Recognition, by Harut Sassounian
12-27-2006,
HuffPost
- ^
Carvello, Dorothy (October 17, 2017).
"Former Music Executive: 'We Must Come Forward and Name Our Abusers' (Guest Column)"
. Retrieved
October 16,
2018
.
External links
[
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]
Awards for Ahmet Ertegun
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Performers
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Early influences
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Non-performers
(Ahmet Ertegun Award)
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The Club
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Stadiums
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Culture
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Retired numbers
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Key personnel
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International
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National
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Artists
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People
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Other
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