South Korean military R&D agency
The
Agency for Defense Development
(
ADD
,
Korean
:
國防科學硏究所
;
Hanja
:
國防科學硏究所
;
RR
:
Gukbang Gwahak Yeonguso
) is the South Korean national agency for
research and development
in defense technology, funded by the
Defense Acquisition Program Administration
(DAPA). It was established in August 1970 under the banner of the self-reliant national defense promoted by President
Park Chung Hee
.
[6]
Its purpose is contributing to enforcing the
national defence
, to improving the national R&D capacity, and to fostering the
domestic defense industry
. ADD focuses on core weapons systems and core technology development, and studies major weapons platforms in high-risk and non-economical fields, unmanned and advanced, and new weapon systems for the future.
ADD is responsible for first South Korean ballistic missile
Nike Hercules
Korea-1 aka White/Polar Bear, developed in the 1970s with its first successful test in 1978.
[7]
ADD is the operator of South Korea's first dedicated military satellite,
ANASIS-II
, launched on 20 July 2020 by a
Falcon 9
rocket.
[8]
History
[
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]
After the three-year
Korean War
, which ended in an
armistice
rather than an
end-of-war agreement
, South Korea and
North Korea
were in conflict during the
Cold War
. Since the
Mutual Defense Treaty
signed in October 1953, South Korea has been making efforts to rebuild its economy while receiving
military aid
from the
United States
.
[9]
Despite military aid from the U.S. and abroad, in July 1954,
Rhee Syng-man
, then the first president of the South Korean government, established the Ministry of National Defense Scientific Research Institute to foster independent defense production capabilities, and the South Korean government's attempt to produce its own military supplies has contributed to the localization of military supplies such as military food, combat uniforms, and defense components that relied solely on foreign aid.
[1]
[2]
After the
Nixon Doctrine
announced on July 25, 1969, about 20,000 U.S. troops in South Korea withdrew, creating an atmosphere of reconciliation between the United States and the
Eastern Bloc
. President
Park Chung-hee
, who has been in power since December 1963, believed that the withdrawal of Nixon Doctrine and U.S. troops from South Korea would weaken the military power of South Korea, which relied on the U.S., and North Korea's military provocations against the South, which began in the late 1960s, surged further, and the South Korean government began to feel the need for self-reliant national defense, which did not rely on U.S. military aid. Later, in August 1970, the Agency for Defense Development was established, and in November of the following year, it started an independent defense development project called the Basic Weapon Emergency Prototype Development.
[9]
[10]
However, in the 1970s, South Korea had poor basic industries and systems to develop and stably produce military equipment. In 1973, the South Korean government designated heavy and chemical industries such as
steel
,
machinery
,
chemicals
, and
Petroleum
as national strategic industries to foster basic industries. Later, in February 1974, the eight-year military construction defense plan (
軍事力 建設 國防 8個年 計劃
), called
Yulgok
Project, began, which included plans to strengthen the South Korean military's power.
[9]
[10]
[11]
Organization
[
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]
- Director
- Defense industry technology support center
- Policy Planning Department
- Research Planning Department
- Academy of Defense Science and Technology
- Ground Technology Research Institute
- Maritime Technology Research Institute
- Aerospace Technology Research Institute
- Institute of Civil-Military Technology Cooperation
- 1st Research and Development Institute
- 2nd Research and Development Institute
- 3rd Research and Development Institute
- 4th Research and Development Institute
- 5th Research and Development Institute
- Institute of Defense Advanced Technology Research
- Defense Rapid Acquisition Technology Research Institute
- Research Support Headquarters
- Safety and Security Center
Major research and development projects
[
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]
Development programs for defense technology are categorized into basic research and development, key technology R&D, civil-military technology cooperation, and essential parts, software development and technology demonstration of new concepts. Almost all major development projects are collaborating with ADD and South Korean defense company, most of the key technologies are developed under the initiative of the ADD, and private defense companies are responsible for the development of the remaining sub-technology and the production of essential parts and finished products.
[14]
Infantry weapon
[
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]
Missile systems
[15]
[
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]
Missile defense systems
[18]
[
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]
- KP-SAM
(Chiron) manportable
surface-to-air missile
system
- K-SAM
(Pegasus) short-range surface-to-air missile system based on Crotale R440 missile system
- KM-SAM
(Cheongung-I) medium-range surface-to-air missile system based on technology from the 9M96 missile used on
S-350E
and
S-400 missile systems
- KM-SAM Block-II (Cheongung-II) enhanced medium-range surface-to-air missile system
- K-SAAM
(Haegung) short range ship-based surface-to-air missile system
- L-SAM
long-range multi-layered missile defense system
Ground weapon systems
[19]
[
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]
Maritime and underwater weapon systems
[20]
[
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]
Aircraft and UAV systems
[21]
[
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]
Surveillance and reconnaissance systems
[22]
[
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]
Command and control and information warfare systems
[23]
[
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]
- Tactical Information Communications Network (TICN)
- Joint Tactical
Data Link
System (JTDLS)
- Air Defense Command Control and Alert (ADC2A) system
- Airborne
ELINT
pod system
- Tactical communication
electronic warfare
(EW) system-II (TLQ-200K)
- Airborne
electronic countermeasure
(ECM) pod system (ALQ-200)
- Shipboard electronic warfare system (SLQ-200K)
- Advanced
SIGINT
aircraft system
Space technologies
[24]
[
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]
- Reconnaissance space-based
surveillance
and
reconnaissance
system
- Small satellite system
- Military satellite communication system-I
- Military satellite communication system-II
Core technologies
[25]
[
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]
Future technologies
[26]
[
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]
See also
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]
References
[
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]
External links
[
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]