From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calendar year
1637
(
MDCXXXVII
) was a
common year starting on Thursday
of the
Gregorian calendar
and a
common year starting on Sunday
of the
Julian calendar
, the 1637th year of the
Common Era
(CE) and
Anno Domini
(AD) designations, the 637th year of the
2nd millennium
, the 37th year of the
17th century
, and the 8th year of the
1630s
decade. As of the start of 1637, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
[
edit
]
January–March
[
edit
]
- January 5
–
Pierre Corneille
's
tragicomedy
Le Cid
is first performed, in
Paris
,
France
.
- January 16
– The
siege of Nagpur
ends in what is now the
Maharashtra
state of
India
, as Kok Shah, the
King of Deogarh
, surrenders his kingdom to the
Mughal Empire
.
- January 23
–
John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen
arrives from the Netherlands to become the Governor of
Dutch Brazil
, and extends the range of the colony over the next six years.
- January 28
–
The Manchu armies of China complete their invasion of northern Korea
with the surrender of
King Injo
of the
Joseon Kingdom
.
- February 3
–
Tulip mania
collapses in the
Dutch Republic
.
[1]
- February 15
–
Ferdinand III
becomes
Holy Roman Emperor
upon the death of his father,
Ferdinand II
, although his formal coronation does not take place until later in the year.
[2]
- February 18
–
Eighty Years' War
–
Battle off Lizard Point
: Off the coast of
Cornwall
,
England
, a
Spanish
fleet intercepts an Anglo-Dutch merchant convoy of 44 vessels escorted by six warships, destroying or capturing 20 of them.
- March 6
– The world's first
opera
house,
Teatro San Cassiano
, opens in
Venice
with the premiere of
L'Andromeda
, with music by
Francesco Manelli
and libretto by
Benedetto Ferrari
.
[3]
- March 25
– The
Blessed Virgin
is proclaimed
Queen of Genoa
.
[4]
April–June
[
edit
]
- April 10
–
Plymouth Colony
grants the "tenn menn of Saugust" a new settlement on Cape Cod, later named
Sandwich, Massachusetts
.
- April 30
– King
Charles I of England
issues a proclamation, attempting to stem
emigration
to the North American colonies.
[5]
- May 26
–
Pequot War
–
Mystic massacre
: A band of English settlers under Captain
John Mason
, and their
Narragansett
and
Mohegan
allies, set fire to a fortified village of the
Mashantucket Pequot Tribe
near the
Mystic River
. Between 400 and 700 people, mostly women, children and old men, are killed.
[6]
- May
– Chinese
encyclopedist
Song Yingxing
publishes his
Tiangong Kaiwu
("Exploitation of the Works of Nature"), considered one of the most valuable encyclopedias of classical China.
- June 27
– The first English venture to China is attempted by Captain
John Weddell
, who sails into port in
Macau
and
Canton
during the late
Ming Dynasty
, with six ships. The voyages are for trade, which is dominated here by the
Portuguese
(at this time combined with the
power of Spain
). He brings 38,421 pairs of
eyeglasses
, perhaps the first recorded European-made eyeglasses to enter China.
[7]
July–September
[
edit
]
- July 23
– After a court battle, King
Charles I of England
hands over title to the North American colony of
Massachusetts
to Sir
Ferdinando Gorges
, one of the founders of
Plymouth Council for New England
.
- August 16
–
Adam Olearius
, sent along with Philipp Crusius and Otto Bruggemann by the German
Duke of Holstein-Gottorp
to establish a trade deal with Persia, is welcomed by the Safavid ruler, the
Shah Safi
at the Persian capital,
Isfahan
.
- August 25
–
Eighty Years' War
: A force of 17,000 Spanish troops, led by the
Spanish Netherlands
Governor-General,
Don Fernando de Austria
, recaptures the city of
Venlo
from the Dutch Republic after
a five-day siege
- August 29
– Fighting in what is now the West African nation of
Ghana
, troops of the Dutch West India Company capture the Portuguese territory of the Gold Coast after the five-day
Battle of Elmina
.
- September 29
– The last five of the "
16 Martyrs of Japan
" are executed for illegally attempting to spread Christianity in Japan.
Lorenzo Ruiz
,
Guillaume Courtet
, Michael de Aozaraza, Vincent Shiwozuka and Lazarus of Kyoto are all put to death by the slow hanging torture of
ana-tsurushi
. They will be canonized 350 years later as saints of the Roman Catholic Church, on October 18, 1987.
October–December
[
edit
]
Date unknown
[
edit
]
Births
[
edit
]
January–March
[
edit
]
- January 14
–
Mattia de Rossi
, Italian painter (d.
1695
)
- January 18
–
Manuel Fernandez de Santa Cruz
, Spanish religious writer, Catholic prelate and bishop (d.
1699
)
- February 10
- February 11
–
Friedrich Nicolaus Bruhns
, German organist and composer (d.
1718
)
- February 12
–
Jan Swammerdam
, Dutch biologist and microscopist (d.
1680
)
- February 13
–
Denis Granville
, English priest (d.
1703
)
- February 21
–
William Beveridge
, English Bishop of St. Asaph (d.
1708
)
- March 1
–
Thomas Watson
, Bishop of St. David's (d.
1717
)
- March 2
–
Sir Stephen Lennard, 2nd Baronet
, English politician (d.
1709
)
- March 5
–
Jan van der Heyden
, Dutch Baroque-era painter (d.
1712
)
- March 14
–
Fitz-John Winthrop
, Governor of the Connecticut Colony (d.
1707
)
- March 17
–
Anne of England
, daughter of King Charles I (d.
1640
)
- March 30
–
Samuel Pitiscus
, Dutch classical scholar (d.
1727
)
April–June
[
edit
]
- April 6
–
Sir William Whitmore, 2nd Baronet
, English politician and baronet (d.
1699
)
- April 16
- April 19
–
Mateo Cerezo
, Spanish artist (d.
1666
)
- May 13
–
Giacinto Cestoni
, Italian naturalist (d.
1718
)
[10]
- May 22
–
John Kyrle
, British philanthropist (d.
1724
)
- May 31
–
Louis Laneau
, French bishop active in the kingdom of Siam (d.
1696
)
- June 1
–
Jacques Marquette
, French Jesuit missionary and explorer (d.
1675
)
- June 11
–
Tamura Muneyoshi
, Japanese daimy? of the Iwanuma Domain (d.
1678
)
- June 21
–
Asano Tsunaakira
, Lord of Hiroshima Domain (d.
1673
)
- June 22
- June 25
–
Christophe Veyrier
, French sculptor (d.
1689
)
July–September
[
edit
]
- July 24
–
Nathaniel Fairfax
, English divine and physician (d.
1690
)
- August 16
–
Countess Emilie Juliane of Barby-Muhlingen
, German noblewoman and hymn author (d.
1706
)
- August 19
–
Roemer Vlacq
, Dutch naval commander (d.
1703
)
- August 20
–
Cornelis van Aerssen van Sommelsdijck
, first Dutch governor of Suriname (d.
1688
)
- August 23
–
Francis Turner
, British bishop (d.
1700
)
- August 27
–
Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore
,
Colonial governor of Maryland
(d.
1715
)
- September 1
–
Nicolas Catinat
, French military commander and Marshal of France under Louis XIV (d.
1712
)
- September 15
–
James Brodie
, Scottish politician (d.
1708
)
- September 16
–
Elisha Cooke, Sr.
, Massachusetts colonial politician and judge (d.
1715
)
- September 26
–
Sebastien Leclerc
, French painter (d.
1714
)
October–December
[
edit
]
- October 3
–
George Gordon, 1st Earl of Aberdeen
, Lord Chancellor of Scotland (d.
1720
)
[11]
- October 13
–
Paul Fugger von Kirchberg und Weißenhorn
, German politician (d.
1701
)
- October 22
–
Francis North, 1st Baron Guilford
(d.
1685
)
- October 24
–
Lorenzo Magalotti
, Italian philosopher (d.
1712
)
- October 27
–
Al-Mahdi Muhammad
, Yemeni imam (d.
1718
)
- November 4
–
Juan Francisco de la Cerda, 8th Duke of Medinaceli
, Spanish politician (d.
1691
)
- November 23
–
Paul Mezger
, Austrian Benedictine theologian and academic (d.
1702
)
- November 25
–
Armand de Gramont, Comte de Guiche
, French nobleman (d.
1673
)
- November 30
–
Louis-Sebastien Le Nain de Tillemont
, French ecclesiastical historian (d.
1698
)
- December 6
–
Edmund Andros
, English colonial administrator in North America (d.
1714
)
- December 7
- December 10
–
Jacques-Rene de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville
(d.
1710
)
- December 19
–
Sir William Leman, 2nd Baronet
, English politician (d.
1701
)
- December 24
–
Pierre Jurieu
, French Protestant leader (d.
1713
)
- December 27
–
Petar Kanaveli?
, Venetian writer (d.
1719
)
- December 30
–
William Cave
, English divine (d.
1713
)
Deaths
[
edit
]
- January 23
–
Alice Spencer, Countess of Derby, Baroness Ellesmere and Viscountess Brackley
(b.
1559
)
- February 15
–
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
(b.
1578
)
- March 10
–
Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania
(b.
1580
)
- March 12
- March 19
–
Peter Pazmany
, Hungarian cardinal and statesman (b.
1570
)
- April 3
–
Joseph Yuspa Nordlinger Hahn
, German rabbi
- April 4
–
Fernando Afan de Ribera, duke of Alcala de los Gazules
, Spanish diplomat (b.
1583
)
- April 30
–
Niwa Nagashige
, Japanese warlord (b.
1571
)
- May 2
–
Chamaraja Wodeyar VI
, King of Mysore (b.
1603
)
- May 5
–
William Petre, 2nd Baron Petre
, English peer and MP (b.
1575
)
- May 19
–
Isaac Beeckman
, Dutch scientist and philosopher (b.
1588
)
- May 29
–
Ji?i T?anovsky
, Czech priest and musician (b.
1592
)
- June 6
–
Pieter Huyssens
, Flemish architect (b.
1577
)
- June 24
–
Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc
, French astronomer (b.
1580
)
- July 1
–
Christopher von Dohna
, German politician and scholar (b.
1583
)
- July 21
–
Daniel Sennert
, German physician, chemist (b.
1572
)
- July 28
–
Johann Christoph von Westerstetten
, German bishop (b.
1563
)
- August 6
–
Ben Jonson
, English writer (b.
1572
)
[13]
- August 17
–
Johann Gerhard
, German Lutheran leader (b.
1582
)
- August 27
–
Princess Catherine Beatrice of Savoy
, daughter of the Duke of Savoy (b.
1636
)
- September 8
–
Robert Fludd
, English mystic (b.
1574
)
- September 9
–
Louise de Bourbon
, French noble (b.
1603
)
- September 14
- September 21
–
William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
(b.
1602
)
- September 22
–
Charles Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat
(b.
1580
)
- September 27
–
Lorenzo Ruiz
, Filipino saint (b. c.
1600
)
- October 5
–
Daniel Cramer
, German theologian (b.
1568
)
- October 7
–
Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy
(b.
1587
)
- October 16
–
Johann Rudolf Stadler
, Swiss clock-maker (b.
1605
)
[14]
- October 21
–
Laurens Reael
, Dutch admiral (b.
1583
)
- October 27
–
Robert Caesar
, English politician (b.
1602
)
- November 26
- December 4
–
Nicholas Ferrar
, English trader (b.
1592
)
- December 19
–
Christina of Lorraine
, Tuscan regent (b.
1565
)
- December 24
–
Juan Lopez de Agurto de la Mata
, Spanish Catholic prelate (b.
1572
)
- December 27
–
Vincenzo Giustiniani
, Italian banker (b.
1564
)
- December 31
–
Christian, Count of Waldeck-Wildungen
(1588?1637) (b.
1585
)
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Leyster, Judith (1993).
Judith Leyster : a Dutch master and her world
. Zwolle Worcester, Massachusetts: Waanders Publishers Worcester Art Museum. p. 214.
ISBN
9789066302709
.
- ^
LastName, FirstName (2006).
Britannica concise encyclopedia
. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica. p. 666.
ISBN
9781593394929
.
- ^
Mark Ringer,
Opera's First Master: The Musical Dramas of Claudio Monteverdi
(Amadeus Press, 2006) p. 130
- ^
Hatton, Ragnhild (1997).
Royal and republican sovereignty in early modern Europe : essays in memory of Ragnhild Hatton
. Cambridge England New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. p. 294.
ISBN
9780521419109
.
- ^
Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).
The Chronology of British History
. London: Century Ltd. pp. 177?178.
ISBN
0-7126-5616-2
.
- ^
Vowell, Sarah
(2008).
The Wordy Shipmates
. Riverhead Books. pp. 190?193.
ISBN
978-1-59448-999-0
.
- ^
Brook, Timothy
(1998).
The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China
p. 57.
ISBN
0520221540
.
- ^
Crilly, Tony (2007).
50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know
. London: Quercus. p. 68.
ISBN
978-1-84724-008-8
.
- ^
Monro, Robert (1999).
Monro, his expedition with the Worthy Scots Regiment called Mac-Keys
. Westport, Conn: Praeger. p. xv.
ISBN
9780275962678
.
- ^
Herman Goodman (1953).
Notable Contributors to the Knowledge of Dermatology
. Medical Lay Press. p. 110.
- ^
Fryde, E. B. (1996).
Handbook of British chronology
. Cambridge England: New York Cambridge University Press. p. 498.
ISBN
9780521563505
.
- ^
Greene, David (1985).
Greene's biographical encyclopedia of composers
. Garden City, N.Y: Doubleday. p. 150.
ISBN
9780385142786
.
- ^
1637
at the
Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^
Lassner, Martin (July 18, 2011).
"Johann Rudolf Stadler"
.
Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS)
(in French)
. Retrieved
April 13,
2020
.