From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calendar year
Year
1318
(
MCCCXVIII
) was a
common year starting on Sunday
(link will display the full calendar) of the
Julian calendar
.
Events
[
edit
]
January – March
[
edit
]
- January 23
–
Pope John XXII
issues the papal bull
Gloriosam ecclesiam
, excommunicating the
Fraticelli
, or Spiritual Franciscans from the Roman Catholic Church. The group is known for pursuing strictly the Franciscan ideal of Apostolic poverty and attempting to force others to do so. The Pope cites as reasons for the excommunication that the adherents are guilty of making accusations of corruption, against the Church, denial of the authority of priests, refusal to take oaths to the church, teaching that priests could not confer sacraments, and claiming to be the only group to be true observers of the Gospel.
[1]
- January 26
– Sir
Gilbert Middleton
, an English knight who had rebelled against King Edward II and kidnapped the Bishop of Durham on September 1, is convicted of treason and then executed by being
hanged, drawn and quartered
.
[2]
- February 12
– In Italy,
Cangrande I della Scala
,
Lord of Verona
successfully takes
Padua
. Led by
Jacopo I da Carrara
, the Paduan Greater Council agrees to cede the territories of
Monselice
,
Este
,
Castelbaldo
and
Montagnana
to Cangrande for life.
[3]
- February 14
– In Germany,
Henry II
becomes the new Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal upon the death of his father
Henry Lackland
.
- March 27
–
King Philip of France and Navarre
reaches an agreement with the
Capetian House of Burgundy
to settle dissatisfaction over his claim of the crown as the brother of the late
Louis X
, ahead of
Joan of Burgundy
, the 4-year-old daughter of Louis X. King Philip agrees that Joan will arrange for Joan to eventually become the Queen of Navarre.
[4]
- March 29
– (Bunp? 2, 26th day of 2nd month) Japan's
Emperor Hanazono
abdicates the throne after a 9-year reign. He is succeeded by his cousin,
Go-Daigo
, who will rule until
1339
).
[5]
April – June
[
edit
]
- April 1
- Pope John XXII creates the
Archdiocese
of
Soltaniyeh
(now located in northwestern Iran), bringing the Roman Catholic hierarchy to the Ilkhanate in Persia, with the Dominican missionary Francesco da Perugia (Francon de Perouse) as the first Archbishop.
[6]
[7]
Francesco and six bishops arrive on August 1.
- After the appointment of Guglielmo di Balaeto as rector by Pope John XXII with broad powers before the city of Benevento, the inhabitants rise against the Pope and demand some political autonomy. Finally, the rebellion is crushed by papal forces.
[8]
[9]
- April 2
– After a two day battle, Scottish forces under
James the Black
retake
Berwick-upon-Tweed
. The fall of Berwick is a severe blow for King
Edward II
, and its loss is compounded by the fall of the Northumbrian castles of
Wark-on-Tweed
(Carham Castle),
Harbottle
and
Mitford
.
[10]
- April 16
– An agreement with
Birger, King of Sweden
is made to release his two brothers
Valdemar, Duke of Finland
and
Eric Magnusson, Duke of Sodermanland
, who had been imprisoned at
Nykoping_Castle
since December 10. The treaty is brokered by Valdemar's wife
Ingeborg Eriksdottir of Norway
and Eric's wife, Princess
Ingeborg of Norway
, who pledge for Valdemar and Eric to renounce all claims to the Swedish throne. However, Valdemar and Eric have already died inside the prison, and the discovery leads to a rebellion against King Birger.
- April 30
– The coronation ceremony of
Go-Daigo
as
Emperor of Japan
is held.
- May 7
– At the marketplace in the French city of
Marseilles
, four of the most defiant members of the
Fraticelli
(or Spiritual Franciscans) are found guilty of heresy and burned at the stake.
[11]
[12]
- May 10
–
Battle of Dysert O'Dea
: An Irish confederation defeats the
Hiberno-Normans
under
Richard de Clare
. During the battle, some 500 men are killed, along with 80 English nobles.
- May
– Having captured Berwick-upon-Tweed, Scottish forces under King
Robert the Bruce
raid
Yorkshire
and burn
Northallerton
,
Boroughbridge
and
Knaresborough
(where some 140 houses are destroyed). They also terrorize the citizens of
Ripon
, who are spared destruction, on payment of 1,000 marks.
[13]
- June 11
–
John Hotham
is appointed as the
Lord Chancellor of England
, the highest ranking office for a member of parliament, by King Edward II.
[14]
- June 12
– Russians destroy areas of Finland and burn Kuusisto castle in 1318. They rob Turku on the 12th of June.
- June 13
–
Robert, King of Naples
delivers an ultimatum to
Matilda of Hainaut
, ruler of the Greek
Principality of Achaea
, to accept marriage to
John of Gravina
or to lose her right to rule.
[15]
- June 18
– The arranged marriage of 6-year-old
Joan of Burgundy
and 12-year-old
Philip of Navarre
is held as part of a contract for Joan and Philip to eventually become the co-monarchs of Navarre. The two will succeed to the monarchy in
1328
.
- June 27
– The reign of King Birger of Sweden ends as supporters of his late brothers, Valdemar and Eric, storm the
Nykoping Castle
. Birger and his wife flee to
Stegeborg Castle
, then flee again when the rebels capture the stronghold in August.
July – September
[
edit
]
- July 13
–
Rashid al-Din Hamadani
, the Grand Vizier of the Ilkhanate in Iran during the reign of the Mongol Ilkhan
Oljaitu
, is convicted of the 1316 murder of the Ilkhan, and is executed (along with his son Ibrahim Izzaddin).
[16]
- July 22
– (22 Jumada I 718) In what is now northwestern Algeria,
Abu Tashufin I
assassinates his father,
Abu Hammu I
,
Sultan of Tlemcen
, and becomes the new monarch.
[17]
- July 25
– In Italy,
Jacopo I da Carrara
becomes the first
Lord of Padua
, founding the
Carraresi
dynasty that will rule the independent city state for almost 90 years before its conquest and annexation by the Republic of Venice following a war in
1405
.
- August 9
–
Treaty of Leake
: Edward II signs an agreement with the "Middle Party" led by his cousin, Earl
Thomas of Lancaster
, and his court followers at
East Leake
in
Nottinghamshire
.
- September 13
–
Pope John XXII
appoints a commission of three members (Uberto d'Ormont, Bishop of Naples; Angelo Tignosi, Bishop of Viterbo; and notary Pandulpho de Sabbello) to take evidence on the matter of the
canonization of Thomas Aquinas
. Testimony is taken of 42 witnesses between July 21 and September 18, 1319.
[18]
- September 22
–
Otto the Mild
, becomes ruler over the
Duchy of Brunswick-Luneburg
in
Lower Saxony
, after the death of his father
Albert the Fat
October – December
[
edit
]
Births
[
edit
]
- June 18
–
Eleanor of Woodstock
, English princess and
regent
(d.
1355
)
[19]
- June 29
–
Yusuf I al-Muyyad billah
, Nasrid ruler of
Granada
(d.
1354
)
- September 11
–
Eleanor of Lancaster
, English noblewoman (d.
1372
)
- date unknown
- Albert II
, German
nobleman
(
House of Mecklenburg
) (d.
1379
)
- Anne of Austria
, German princess (
House of Habsburg
) (d.
1343
)
- Baha' al-Din Naqshband
, Persian
Sufi
religious leader (d.
1389
)
- Bogislaw V the Great
, German nobleman and knight (d.
1374
)
- Contance of Aragon
, Spanish noblewoman and queen (d.
1346
)
- David de la Hay
, Scottish nobleman and
High Constable
(d. 1346)
- Kitabatake Akiie
, Japanese nobleman (
Minamoto clan
) (d.
1338
)
- Margaret Audley
, English noblewoman and landowner (d.
1349
)
- Margaret of Tyrol
, Austrian princess (
House of Gorizia
) (d.
1369
)
- Maurice FitzGerald
, Irish nobleman and
Lord Justice
(d.
1390
)
- Wenceslaus I
, Polish nobleman, knight and co-ruler (d.
1364
)
Deaths
[
edit
]
- January 17
–
Erwin von Steinbach
, German architect (b.
1244
)
- February 14
- March 11
–
Amanieu II
, French nobleman and archbishop (b.
1232
)
- April 26
–
Matilda of Brunswick-Luneburg
, German co-ruler (b.
1276
)
- May 10
–
Richard de Clare
, English nobleman, knight and steward
[21]
- May 26
–
Fujiwara no Kishi
, Japanese empress consort (b.
1252
)
[22]
- June 23
–
Gilles I Aycelin de Montaigu
, French counselor (b. 1252)
- July 25
–
Nicholas I
, Bohemian nobleman, knight and ruler (b.
1255
)
- August 14
–
Giacomo Colonna
, Italian priest and cardinal (b.
1250
)
- August 20
–
Cassone della Torre
, Italian nobleman and patriarch
[23]
- September 22
–
Albert the Fat
, German nobleman (b.
1268
)
- October 14
? (
Battle of Faughart
)
- November 22
–
Mikhail of Tver
, Kievan Grand Prince (b.
1271
)
- November 25
–
Philip of Ibelin
, Outremer nobleman and knight
- November 29
–
Heinrich Frauenlob
, German musician and poet
- December 16
–
Dirk II van Brederode
, Dutch nobleman (b.
1256
)
- December 19
–
Husseini Heravi
, Persian poet and writer (b.
1245
)
- date unknown
- St. Odisho
(Abdisho bar Berika), Syrian bishop and writer
- Eric Magnusson
, Swedish prince and knight (
House of Bjelbo
)
- Gilbert Middleton
, English nobleman, knight and rebel leader
[24]
- Henry of Hachberg-Sausenberg
, German nobleman (b.
1300
)
- Jamal al-Din al-Watwat
, Egyptian scholar and writer (b.
1235
)
- Jean IV de Beaumont
, French nobleman, knight and marshal
- John II Doukas of Thessaly
, Byzantine nobleman and ruler (
sebastokrator
)
- John de Soules
, Scoto-Norman landowner (
House of de Soules
)
- Konoe Tsunehira
, Japanese nobleman (
Fujiwara clan
) (b.
1287
)
- Rashid-al-Din Hamadani
, Persian historian and writer (b.
1247
)
- Thomas I Komnenos Doukas
, Byzantine nobleman (assassinated) (b.
1288
)
- Valdemar Magnusson
, Swedish nobleman and prince (b.
1283
)
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Fraticelli", in
Historical Dictionary of Radical Christianity
, by William H. Brackney (Scarecrow Press, 2012) p.131
- ^
"Middleton, Sir Gilbert", by Michael Prestwich, in
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
(Oxford University Press, 2004)
- ^
A. M. Allen,
A History of Verona
(Methuen & Co., 1910)
- ^
Elena Woodacre,
The Queens Regnant of Navarre: Succession, Politics, and Partnership, 1274-1512
(Palgrave Macmillan, 2013) p.55
- ^
Varley, H. Paul (1980).
Jinn? Sh?t?ki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns
, p. 240. New York: Columbia University Press.
ISBN
978-0-231-04940-5
.
- ^
Robin E. Waterfield,
Christians in Persia: Assyrians, Armenians, Roman Catholics and Protestants
(Taylor & Francis, 2018) p.53
- ^
Norman P. Zacour and Harry W. Hazard,
A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on the Near East
(University of Wisconsin Press, 1985) p.495
- ^
Le Pergamene di Sezze (1181?1347): Documenti
(Societa romana di storia patria, 1989) p.371
- ^
Uginet, F. (1968). "La vie a l'abbaye de Sainte-Sophie de Benevent dans la premiere moitie du XIVe siecle".
Melanges d'archeologie et d'histoire
. 80.
80
(2): 681?704.
doi
:
10.3406/mefr.1968.7564
.
- ^
Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey:
Bannockburn 1314 ? Robert Bruce's great victory
, p. 83.
ISBN
1-85532-609-4
.
- ^
David Burr,
Olivi and Franciscan Poverty: The Origins of the Usus Pauper Controversy
(University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017) p. ix
- ^
Hywel Williams (2005).
Cassell's Chronology of World History
, p. 157.
ISBN
0-304-35730-8
.
- ^
Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey:
Bannockburn 1314 ? Robert Bruce's great victory
, p. 86.
ISBN
1-85532-609-4
.
- ^
E. B. Fryde, et al.
Handbook of British Chronology
(Cambridge University Press, 1996) p. 86
- ^
"The Morea, 1311?1364", by Peter Topping, in
A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries
, ed. by Kenneth M. Setton and Harry W. Hazard (University of Wisconsin Press, 1975) p.115
- ^
Bernard Lewis,
The Jews of Islam
(Princeton University Press, 2014) p.101
- ^
"Ab? ?ammu I"
, by A. Bel, in
Encyclopaedia of Islam
, 2nd. Edition, ed. by C.E. Bosworth, et al. (Brill, 1960) p.122
- ^
"The Canonization of Saint Thomas Aquinas", by Leonardas Gerulaitis,
Vivarium
5:25?46 (1967)
- ^
Panton, James (2011).
Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy
. Scarecrow Press. p. 173.
ISBN
978-0-8108-7497-8
.
- ^
Parsons, John Carmi (2004). "Margaret (1279?1318".
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
(Online ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 15 January 2008.
- ^
Lewis Spence (1999). "The Magical Arts in Celtic Britain", p. 81.
- ^
Wispelwey, Berend (2013).
Japanese Biographical Index
. Walter de Gruyter.
ISBN
978-3110947984
.
- ^
Cazzani, Eugenio (1996).
Vescovi e arcivescovi di Milano
(in Italian), pp. 183?185. Milano: Massimo.
ISBN
88-7030-891-X
.
- ^
Maddicott, John (1970).
Thomas of Lancaster, 1307?1322: A Study in the Reign of Edward II
, p. 205. Oxford University Press.