Satellite bus
The
A2100
is a
model
of
communications satellite
spacecraft
made by
Lockheed Martin Space Systems
. It is used as the foundation for
telecommunications
payloads in
geosynchronous orbit
, as well as
GOES-R
weather satellites and
GPS Block IIIA
satellites. Over 40 satellites use the A2100 bus.
[1]
[2]
History
[
edit
]
The first satellite,
AMC-1
, was launched September 8, 1996, and has achieved 15-year on-orbit service life.
[3]
[4]
Since 1996 there have been over 45 of the A2100 based satellites launched, with over 400 years of total on-orbit service.
[5]
Other A2100 spacecraft include JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2, which were launched May, 2012 on an
Ariane 5
rocket,
[6]
as well as
Arabsat-6A
and Hellas Sat 4/SaudiGeoSat-1 of Saudi Arabia's Arabsat-6G program.
[7]
In 2002, Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems was given a Frost and Sullivan Satellite Reliability Award for excellence in the production of flexible and reliable communications satellites used in geosynchronous Earth orbit.
[8]
A2100 customers includes communications companies around the world, including
Astra
,
Telesat
,
SKY Perfect JSAT Group
and others.
Design
[
edit
]
The
Lockheed Martin
A2100 geosynchronous spacecraft series is designed for a variety of telecommunications needs including
K
a
band
broadband
and
broadcast
services, fixed satellite services in
C-band
and
K
u
band
payload configurations, high-power direct broadcast services using the K
u
band
frequency spectrum
, and mobile satellite services using
UHF
,
L-band
and
S-band
payloads.
[9]
The A2100 satellite system was developed by the Astro Space team at its East Windsor, New Jersey facility, with team members delivering a flexible common bus with fewer components, lower spacecraft weight, and reduced customer delivery time.
[10]
The A2100 is being supplanted by the LM2100, an evolutionary upgrade with several new features. The military version is the LM2100 Combat Bus.
[11]
[12]
Propulsion system
[
edit
]
The attitude control system includes
reaction wheels
,
[13]
with momentum desaturation and main motor maneuver attitude control propulsion provided by small
monopropellant
hydrazine
motors. This hydrazine supply is contained in a central propellant tank of 0.90 m diameter and up to 2.00 m length depending on the customer's requirements.
[14]
This tank's maximum length was later increased to 2.55 m.
[15]
The
liquid apogee engine
uses hydrazine fuel from the central tank along with
nitrogen tetroxide
oxidizer from two flanking tanks of 0.54 m diameter and up to 1.65 m long.
[16]
Orbit maintenance is performed by the small hydrazine motors and
ion thrusters
.
[17]
The maximum propellant supply (with the largest tanks at 95% fill factor) are 1368 kg of hydrazine fuel and 627 kg of nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer.
According to
Moog-ISP
, the A2100 platform uses its
LEROS
bipropellant
Liquid Apogee Engine
.
[18]
Satellite orders
[
edit
]
A2100A
[
edit
]
Satellite
|
Country
|
Operator
|
Type
|
Coverage
|
Launch date (
UTC
)
|
Rocket
|
Changes
|
Status
|
GE-1
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band, 24 Ku-band
|
8 September 1996
|
Atlas IIA
|
Known as AMC 1
|
Active
|
GE-2
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band, 24 Ku-band
|
30 January 1997
|
Ariane-44L
|
Known as AMC 2
|
Retired
|
GE-3
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band, 24 Ku-band
|
4 September 1997
|
Atlas IIAS
|
Known as Eagle 1
|
Active
|
GE-7
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band
|
14 September 2000
|
Ariane 5G
|
Known as AMC 7
|
Retired
|
GE-8
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band
|
20 December 2000
|
Ariane 5G
|
Known as AMC 8 (Aurora 3)
|
Active
|
GE-10
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band
|
5 February 2004
|
Atlas IIAS
|
|
Retired
|
GE-11
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band
|
19 May 2004
|
Atlas IIAS
|
|
Active
|
GE-18
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band
|
19 May 2004
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
|
Active
|
BSAT-3a
|
Japan
|
BSAT Corp
|
Television broadcasting
|
12 Ku-band
|
14 August 2007
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
|
Active
|
BSAT-3b
|
Japan
|
BSAT Corp
|
Television broadcasting
|
12 Ku-band
|
28 October 2010
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
|
Active
|
BSAT-3c
|
Japan
|
BSAT Corp
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 Ku-band
|
6 August 2011
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
|
Active
|
GOES-R
|
United States
|
NOAA
|
Meteorology
|
|
19 November 2016
|
Atlas V 541
|
Known as GOES 16
|
Active
|
GOES-S
|
United States
|
NOAA
|
Meteorology
|
|
1 March 2018
|
Atlas V 541
|
Known as GOES 17
|
Active
|
GOES-T
|
United States
|
NOAA
|
Meteorology
|
|
1 March 2022
|
Atlas V 541
|
Known as GOES 18
|
Active
|
GOES-U
|
United States
|
NOAA
|
Meteorology
|
|
2024
|
Falcon Heavy
|
|
Awaiting launch
|
ABS-7
|
Bermuda
|
ABS
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 Ku-band, 6 Ka-band
|
4 September 1999
|
Ariane-42P
|
Known as ABS 7
|
Inclined
|
Nemesis 1
|
United States
|
National Reconnaissance Office
|
SIGINT, COMINT
|
|
8 September 2009
|
Atlas V 401
|
Known as PAN, PAN360, USA 207
|
Active
|
Nemesis 2
|
United States
|
National Reconnaissance Office
|
SIGINT, COMINT
|
|
17 September 2014
|
Atlas V 401
|
Known as CLIO, USA 257
|
Active
|
Telkom 1
|
Indonesia
|
Telkom Indonesia
|
Communications
|
24 C-band
|
12 August 1999
|
Ariane-42P
|
|
Retired
|
Vinasat-1
|
Vietnam
|
VNPT
|
Communications
|
8 C-band, 12 Ku-band
|
18 April 2008
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
|
Active
|
Vinasat-2
|
Vietnam
|
VNPT
|
Communications
|
24 Ku-band
|
15 May 2012
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
|
Active
|
Zhongwei 1
|
China
|
China Satcom
|
Communications
|
18 C-band, 20 Ku-band
|
30 May 1998
|
Long March 3B
|
Known as APStar 9A
|
Retired
|
A2100AX
[
edit
]
Satellite
|
Country
|
Operator
|
Type
|
Coverage
|
Launch date (
UTC
)
|
Rocket
|
Changes
|
Status
|
EchoStar 3
|
United States
|
EchoStar
|
Television broadcasting
|
32 Ku-band
|
5 October 1997
|
Atlas IIAS
|
|
Retired
|
EchoStar 4
|
United States
|
EchoStar
|
Television broadcasting
|
32 Ku-band
|
7 May 1998
|
Proton-K
Blok-DM3
|
|
Retired
|
EchoStar 7
|
United States
|
EchoStar
|
Television broadcasting
|
32 Ku-band
|
7 May 1998
|
Atlas IIIB-DEC
|
|
Retired
|
GE 1A
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Communications
|
28 Ku-band
|
1 October 2000
|
Proton-K
Blok-DM3
|
Known as NSS 11
|
Active
|
GE 4
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting & satellite internet
|
24 C-band, 24 Ku-band
|
13 November 1999
|
Ariane-44LP
|
Known as AMC 4
|
Active
|
GE 6
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting & satellite internet
|
24 C-band, 24 Ku-band
|
21 October 2000
|
Proton-K
Blok-DM3
|
Known as AMC 6 (Rainbow 2)
|
Active
|
LMI 1
|
Bermuda
|
ABS
|
Television broadcasting & satellite internet
|
28 C-band, 16 Ku-band
|
26 September 1999
|
Proton-K
Blok-DM3
|
Known as ABS 6
|
Active
|
Nimiq 1
|
Canada
|
Telesat
|
Satellite internet
|
32 Ku-band
|
20 May 1999
|
Proton-K
Blok-DM3
|
|
Active
|
Nimiq 2
|
Canada
|
Telesat
|
Satellite internet
|
32 Ku-band
|
29 December 2002
|
Proton-M
|
|
Active
|
N-SAT 110
|
Japan
|
SKY Perfect JSAT
|
Satellite internet
|
24 Ku-band
|
6 October 2000
|
Ariane-42L
|
Known as Superbird 5
|
Retired
|
A2100AXS
[
edit
]
Satellite
|
Country
|
Operator
|
Type
|
Coverage
|
Launch date (
UTC
)
|
Rocket
|
Changes
|
Status
|
AMC-14
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
32 Ku-band
|
14 March 2008
|
Proton-M
Phase 1
|
|
Active
|
AMC-15
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band
|
14 October 2004
|
Proton-M
Phase 1
|
|
Active
|
AMC-16
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band
|
14 October 2004
|
Proton-M
Phase 1
|
|
Retired
|
Astra 1KR
|
Luxembourg
|
SES
|
Television broadcasting
|
32 Ku-band
|
20 April 2006
|
Atlas V 431
|
|
Active
|
Astra 1L
|
Luxembourg
|
SES
|
Television broadcasting
|
29 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band
|
4 May 2007
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
|
Active
|
EchoStar 10
|
United States
|
EchoStar
|
Television broadcasting
|
42 Ku-band
|
15 February 2006
|
Zenit-3SL
|
|
Active
|
JCSat 9
|
Japan
|
SKY Perfect JSAT
|
Communications
|
20 C-band, 20 Ku-band, 1 S-band
|
12 April 2006
|
Zenit-3SL
|
Known as JCSat 5A
|
Active
|
JCSat 10
|
Japan
|
SKY Perfect JSAT
|
Communications
|
12 C-band, 30 Ku-band
|
11 August 2006
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
Known as JCSat 3A
|
Active
|
JCSAT-11
|
Japan
|
SKY Perfect JSAT
|
Communications
|
12 C-band, 30 Ku-band
|
5 September 2007
|
Proton-M
Phase 1
|
|
Launch failure
|
JCSat 12
|
Japan
|
SKY Perfect JSAT
|
Communications
|
12 C-band, 30 Ku-band
|
21 August 2008
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
Known as JCSat RA
|
Active
|
JCSat 13
|
Japan
|
SKY Perfect JSAT
|
Communications
|
44 Ku-band
|
15 May 2012
|
Ariane 5 ECA
|
Known as JCSat 4B
|
Active
|
NSS-6
|
Netherlands
|
SES
|
Satellite internet
|
50 Ku-band
|
17 December 2002
|
Ariane 44L
|
|
Active
|
NSS-7
|
Netherlands
|
SES
|
Satellite internet
|
36 C-band, 36 Ku-band
|
16 April 2002
|
Ariane 44L
|
|
Retired
|
Rainbow-1
|
United States
|
EchoStar
|
Television broadcasting
|
36 Ku-band
|
17 July 2003
|
Atlas V 521
|
Known as EchoStar 12
|
Retired
|
Sirius 4 (Astra 4A)
|
Sweden
|
SES Sirius
|
Communications
|
52 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band
|
17 November 2007
|
Proton-M
Phase 1
|
|
Active
|
Garuda 1
|
Indonesia
|
Asoa Cellular Satellite
|
Mobile communications
|
88 L-band
|
12 February 2000
|
Proton-K
Blok-DM3
|
|
Active
|
A2100M (Military)
[
edit
]
Satellite
|
Country
|
Operator
|
Type
|
Coverage
|
Launch date (
UTC
)
|
Rocket
|
Changes
|
Status
|
AEHF 1
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Military communications
|
|
14 August 2010
|
Atlas V 531
|
Known as USA 214
|
Active
|
AEHF 2
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Military communications
|
|
4 May 2012
|
Atlas V 531
|
Known as USA 235
|
Active
|
AEHF 3
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Military communications
|
|
18 September 2013
|
Atlas V 531
|
Known as USA 246
|
Active
|
AEHF 4
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Military communications
|
|
17 October 2018
|
Atlas V 551
|
Known as USA 288
|
Active
|
AEHF 5
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Military communications
|
|
8 August 2019
|
Atlas V 551
|
Known as USA 292
|
Active
|
AEHF 6
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Military communications
|
|
26 March 2020
|
Atlas V 551
|
Known as USA 298
|
Active
|
MUOS 1
|
United States
|
United States Navy
|
Military communications
|
|
24 February 2012
|
Atlas V 551
|
|
Active
|
MUOS 2
|
United States
|
United States Navy
|
Military communications
|
|
19 July 2013
|
Atlas V 551
|
|
Active
|
MUOS 3
|
United States
|
United States Navy
|
Military communications
|
|
21 January 2015
|
Atlas V 551
|
|
Active
|
MUOS 4
|
United States
|
United States Navy
|
Military communications
|
|
2 September 2015
|
Atlas V 551
|
|
Active
|
MUOS 5
|
United States
|
United States Navy
|
Military communications
|
|
24 June 2016
|
Atlas V 551
|
|
Active
|
GPS-3 1
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
23 December 2016
|
Falcon 9
|
Known as Navstar 77, USA 289, Vespucci
|
Active
|
GPS-3 2
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
22 August 2019
|
Delta IV M+ (4,2)
|
Known as Navstar 78, USA 293, Magellan
|
Active
|
GPS-3 3
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
30 June 2020
|
Falcon 9
|
Known as Navstar 79, USA 304, Columbus
|
Active
|
GPS-3 4
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
5 November 2020
|
Falcon 9
|
Known as Navstar 80, USA 309, Sacagawea
|
Active
|
GPS-3 5
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
17 June 2021
|
Falcon 9
|
Known as Navstar 81, USA 320, Neil Armstrong
|
Active
|
GPS-3 6
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
18 January 2023
|
Falcon 9
|
Known as Navstar 82, USA 343, Amelia Earhart
|
Active
|
GPS-3 7
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
2024
|
Vulcan Centaur
|
|
Awaiting launch
|
GPS-3 8
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
202x
|
Vulcan Centaur
|
|
Awaiting launch
|
GPS-3 9
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
202x
|
Vulcan Centaur
|
|
Awaiting launch
|
GPS-3 10
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Navigation
|
|
202x
|
Falcon 9
|
|
Awaiting launch
|
SBIRS GEO 1
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Early warning
|
2 SBIRS sensors
|
7 May 2011
|
Atlas V 401
|
Known as USA 230
|
Active
|
SBIRS GEO 2
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Early warning
|
2 SBIRS sensors
|
19 March 2013
|
Atlas V 401
|
Known as USA 241
|
Active
|
SBIRS GEO 3
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Early warning
|
2 SBIRS sensors
|
21 January 2017
|
Atlas V 401
|
Known as USA 273
|
Active
|
SBIRS GEO 4
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Early warning
|
2 SBIRS sensors
|
20 January 2018
|
Atlas V 411
|
Known as USA 282
|
Active
|
LM2100 (Modernized)
[
edit
]
LM2100M (Modernized Military)
[
edit
]
Cancelled orders
[
edit
]
Satellite
|
Country
|
Operator
|
Type
|
Coverage
|
GE-9
|
United States
|
SES Americom
|
Television broadcasting
|
24 C-band
|
Jabiru 1
|
Australia
|
NewSat Corporation
|
Communications
|
50 Ka-band, 18 Ku-band, 1 S-band
|
Rainbow KA-1
|
United States
|
Cablevision
|
Television broadcasting
|
Ka-band
|
Rainbow KA-2
|
United States
|
Cablevision
|
Television broadcasting
|
Ka-band
|
Rainbow KA-3
|
United States
|
Cablevision
|
Television broadcasting
|
Ka-band
|
Rainbow KA-4
|
United States
|
Cablevision
|
Television broadcasting
|
Ka-band
|
Rainbow KA-5
|
United States
|
Cablevision
|
Television broadcasting
|
Ka-band
|
Agrani 1
|
India
|
Agrani
|
Mobile communications
|
|
Garuda 2
|
Indonesia
|
Asia Cellular Satellite
|
Mobile communications
|
88 L-band
|
Astrolink 1
|
United States
|
Astrolink
|
Mobile communications
|
Ka-band
|
Astrolink 2
|
United States
|
Astrolink
|
Mobile communications
|
Ka-band
|
Astrolink 3
|
United States
|
Astrolink
|
Mobile communications
|
Ka-band
|
Astrolink 4
|
United States
|
Astrolink
|
Mobile communications
|
Ka-band
|
SBIRS GEO 7
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Early warning
|
2 SBIRS sensors
|
SBIRS GEO 8
|
United States
|
Air Force Space Command
|
Early warning
|
2 SBIRS sensors
|
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Lockheed Martin: A2100"
- ^
"Lockheed Martin's A2100 bus modernized and poised for new missions"
.
SpaceFlight Insider
. 2017-08-11
. Retrieved
2021-06-14
.
- ^
"First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations"
.
Media - Lockheed Martin
. Retrieved
2021-06-14
.
- ^
"First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations"
. Defense & Aerospace Week. September 21, 2011. Archived from
the original
on June 10, 2014
. Retrieved
November 12,
2013
– via HighBeam.
- ^
"Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"
- ^
"Ariane 5 ECA launches JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2 into orbit"
- ^
Lockheed Martin Completes Assembly on Arabsat's Newest Communications Satellite
. Lockheed Martin. 20 February 2018.
- ^
"Frost & Sullivan Award
- ^
"Lockheed Martin: A2100"
Archived
2013-09-30 at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
"A2100 History"
- ^
McKinnon, Douglas V. (2016),
"Lockheed Martin's A2100 Spacecraft Bus Modernization"
,
34th AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference
, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
doi
:
10.2514/6.2016-5724
,
ISBN
978-1-62410-457-2
, retrieved
2021-06-14
- ^
Hitchens, Theresa (2021-05-17).
"New SBIRS Sat Creates Bridge To Next-Gen Missile Warning"
.
Breaking Defense
. Retrieved
2021-06-14
.
- ^
"Global Positioning System III overview and contractors"
- ^
"ATK SSI P/N 80395-1 Datasheet"
- ^
"ATK SSI P/N 80443-1
- ^
"ATK SSI P/N 80405-1 Datasheet"
- ^
"Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"
- ^
"Thrusters"
.
Moog Inc.
Archived from
the original
on 2016-08-10
. Retrieved
2016-08-09
.
|
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Divisions,
subsidiaries
| | |
---|
Joint ventures
| |
---|
Facilities
| |
---|
Active
products
| |
---|
|