From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Design used for Soviet space probes to Mars and Venus
The
4MV planetary probe
(short for 4th-generation Mars-Venus probe) is a designation for a common design used for
Soviet
unmanned
probes
to Mars and Venus.
It was an incremental improvement of earlier
3MV
probes and was used for
Mars missions
2 to 7 and
Venera missions
9 to 16. Different versions of the bus exist, for example 4V-1, 4V-M and 4V-2.
[1]
[2]
The same base design was also used for earth-orbiting space observatories.
[3]
Design
[
edit
]
The spacecraft bus has a height of 2.8 meters (9 ft 2 in) and a solar panel span of 6.7 meters (22 ft). The central section of the bus has a diameter of about one meter (3 ft 3 in) and contained propellant. The main engine (
KTDU-425
) is encircled by a conical instrument compartment with the diameter of 2.35 meters (7 ft 9 in) at the base.
[4]
While Mars 2,3 and Kosmos 419 used the KTDU-425, 4MV buses after 1971 used the KTDU-425A).
[5]
Astron
Variants
[
edit
]
- Mars
M-71
|3MS:
Kosmos 419
(M-71|3MS No.170),
Mars 2
(M-71 No.171),
Mars 3
(M-71 No.172)
[6]
- Mars
M-73
|3MS|3MP:
Mars 4
(M-73|3MS No.52S),
Mars 5
(M-73|3MS No.53S),
Mars 6
(M-73|3MP No.50P),
Mars 7
(M-73|3MP No.51P)
[7]
[8]
- Venera
4V-1
:
Venera 9
(4V-1 No.660),
Venera 10
(4V-1 No.661),
Venera 11
(4V-1 No.360),
Venera 12
(4V-1 No.361),
Venera 13
(4V-1M No.760),
Venera 14
(4V-1M No.761)
[1]
[2]
- Astron
:
Astron
[9]
- Venera
4V-2
:
Venera 15
(4V-2 No.860),
Venera 16
(4V-2 No.861)
[10]
- Granat
:
Granat
[11]
M-71
- 3MS version
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
4MV
.
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
"Venera 9, 10, 11, 12 (4V1 #1, 2, 3, 4)"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
- ^
a
b
"Venera 13, 14 (4V1M #1, 2)"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
- ^
"4MV"
.
www.astronautix.com
.
Archived
from the original on 23 March 2023.
- ^
"Venera-9 and 10"
.
www.russianspaceweb.com
.
- ^
"KTDU-425"
.
www.astronautix.com
. Archived from
the original
on December 28, 2016
. Retrieved
2022-04-17
.
- ^
"Mars 2, 3 (Mars M71 #1, #2, #3)"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
- ^
"Mars 4, 5 (Mars M73 Orbiter #1, #2)"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
- ^
"Mars 6, 7 (Mars M73 Lander #1, #2)"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
- ^
"Astron 1"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
- ^
"Venera 15, 16 (4V2 #1, 2)"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
- ^
"Granat (Astron 2)"
.
Gunter's Space Page
. Retrieved
2023-09-25
.
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Earth satellites
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Space observatories
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Moon
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Venus
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Mars
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Design family
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