From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The
1812?13 United States Senate elections
were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with President
James Madison
's
re-election
. As these
U.S. Senate
elections were prior to the ratification of the
Seventeenth Amendment
in 1913, senators were chosen by
state legislatures
. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1812 and 1813, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to
legislative deadlock
.
[1]
In these elections, terms were up for the senators in
Class 3
.
The
Democratic-Republican Party
lost two seats but still retained an overwhelming Senate majority. As in recent elections, the minority Federalists had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (6 out of 36, or 16.7%) that if they had won every one of the elections, they would still not have controlled a majority.
Change in composition
[
edit
]
Before the elections
[
edit
]
Composition after September 1812 elections in the new state of Louisiana.
DR
8
|
DR
7
|
DR
6
|
DR
5
|
DR
4
|
DR
3
|
DR
2
|
DR
1
|
DR
9
|
DR
10
|
DR
11
|
DR
12
|
DR
13
|
DR
14
|
DR
15
|
DR
16
|
DR
17
|
DR
18
|
Majority →
|
DR
19
|
DR
28
Pa.
Retired
|
DR
27
Ohio
Retired
|
DR
26
N.C.
Retired
|
DR
25
Ky.
Retired
|
DR
24
Md.
Unknown
|
DR
23
La.
Unknown
|
DR
22
S.C.
Ran
|
DR
21
N.Y.
Ran
|
DR
20
Ga.
Ran
|
DR
29
Vt.
Retired
|
F
7
N.H.
Ran
|
F
6
Conn.
Ran
|
F
5
|
F
4
|
F
3
|
F
2
|
F
1
|
Result of the regular elections
[
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]
DR
8
|
DR
7
|
DR
6
|
DR
5
|
DR
4
|
DR
3
|
DR
2
|
DR
1
|
DR
9
|
DR
10
|
DR
11
|
DR
12
|
DR
13
|
DR
14
|
DR
15
|
DR
16
|
DR
17
|
DR
18
|
Majority →
|
DR
19
|
V
1
Md.
DR Loss
|
DR
27
S.C.
Re-elected
|
DR
26
Ga.
Re-elected
|
DR
25
Vt.
Hold
|
DR
24
Pa.
Hold
|
DR
23
Ohio
Hold
|
DR
22
N.C.
Hold
|
DR
21
La.
Hold
|
DR
20
Ky.
Hold
|
V
2
N.H.
F Loss
|
F
6
N.Y.
Gain
|
F
5
Conn.
Re-elected
|
F
5
|
F
4
|
F
3
|
F
2
|
F
1
|
Race summaries
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]
Special elections during the 12th Congress
[
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]
In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1812 or before March 4, 1813; ordered by election date.
State
|
Incumbent
|
Results
|
Candidates
|
Senator
|
Party
|
Electoral history
|
Louisiana
(Class 2)
|
New seat
|
Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812.
Inaugural senator elected
September 3, 1812
.
Democratic-Republican gain.
|
|
Louisiana
(Class 3)
|
New seat
|
Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812.
Inaugural senator elected
September 3, 1812
.
Democratic-Republican gain.
|
Louisiana
(Class 2)
|
Thomas Posey
|
Democratic-
Republican
|
1812
(Appointed)
|
Jean Destrehan
had resigned October 1, 1812 without having qualified.
Interim successor appointed October 8, 1812.
Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected
February 4, 1813
on the second ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.
|
|
Races leading to the 13th Congress
[
edit
]
In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1813 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.
Special elections during the 13th Congress
[
edit
]
In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1813 after March 4; ordered by election date.
Connecticut
[
edit
]
Connecticut (regular)
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Connecticut (special)
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Delaware (special)
[
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]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Georgia
[
edit
]
Georgia (regular)
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Georgia (special)
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Kentucky
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Louisiana
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Maryland
[
edit
]
Maryland (regular)
[
edit
]
The Maryland legislature failed to elect a senator before the March 3, 1813, the beginning of the term.
Robert Henry Goldsborough
was appointed to fill the seat.
Maryland (special)
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
November 2022
)
|
1813 United States Senate special election in Maryland
|
|
|
Robert H. Goldsborough
won election over
Edward Lloyd
by a margin of 20.45%, or 18 votes, for the Class 3 seat.
[18]
Massachusetts (special)
[
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]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
New Hampshire
[
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]
New Hampshire (regular)
[
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]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
New Hampshire (special)
[
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]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
New York
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
North Carolina
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Ohio
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Pennsylvania
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
South Carolina
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
Vermont
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
October 2019
)
|
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)"
.
National Archives and Records Administration
. February 8, 2022.
- ^
"Louisiana 1812 U.S. Senate"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 22,
2018
.
, citing American Watchman; and Delaware Republican (Wilmington, DE). October 14, 1812.
- ^
"Louisiana 1812 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 2"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 22,
2018
.
, citing The Louisiana Gazette and New-Orleans Advertiser (New Orleans, LA). December 3, 1812.
- ^
"Kentucky 1813 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 22,
2018
.
, citing Muskingum Messenger (Zanesville, OH). January 27, 1813.
- ^
"Louisiana 1813 U.S. Senate"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Courrier de la Louisiane (New Orleans, LA). January 22, 1813.
- ^
"New Hampshire 1812 U.S. Senate, Ballot 12"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). December 29, 1812.
- ^
"NY US Senate"
.
Our Campaigns
. August 8, 2012
. Retrieved
February 23,
2015
.
- ^
"North Carolina 1812 U.S. Senate"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing The Star (Raleigh, NC). December 11, 1812.
- ^
Taylor, William A. (1900).
Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents
.
Columbus, Ohio
: The XX. Century Publishing Co. p. 98 – via
Google Books
.
- ^
"Pennsylvania 1812 U.S. Senate"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Journal of the Pennsylvania State Senate, 1812. 41?43.
- ^
a
b
"South Carolina 1812 U.S. Senate"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing City Gazette and Commercial Advertiser (Charleston, SC). December 10, 1812.
- ^
"Vermont 1812 U.S. Senate"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Columbian Phenix: or, Providence Patriot (Providence, RI). October 31, 1812.
- ^
"Massachusetts 1813 U.S. Senate, Special"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing The Virginia Patriot (Richmond, VA). June 11, 1813.
- ^
"Maryland 1813 U.S. Senate"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Republican Star or Eastern Shore General Advertiser (Easton, MD). May 25, 1813.
- ^
"Delaware 1813 U.S. Senate, Special"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Journal of the Delaware State Senate, 1813. 12.
- ^
"New Hampshire 1813 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Portsmouth Oracle (Portsmouth, NH). June 12, 1813.
- ^
"Georgia 1813 U.S. Senate, Special"
.
Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787?1825.
Tufts University
. Retrieved
February 23,
2018
.
, citing Liberty Hall (Cincinnati, OH). December 14, 1813.
- ^
"Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - May 20, 1813"
.
www.ourcampaigns.com
. Retrieved
2022-11-05
.
External links
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]