đ?i Vi?t?Khmer War
Part of Khmer?Cham wars
Map of Southeast Asia between the 1000?1100
Date 1123?1150 Location Central Vietnam , Gulf of Tonkin , Xiangkhoang Plateau Result Inconclusive
Belligerents
đ?i Vi?t ( Ly dynasty )	Khmer Empire Champa (1132?1136)
Commanders and leaders
Ly Th?n Tong Ly Anh Tong đ? Anh V?	Suryavarman II Jaya Indravarman III
Strength
30,000 (1136) [1]	20,000 soldiers (1128) 700 ships (1129)

The đ?i Vi?t?Khmer War were a series of wars and conflicts fought between the Kingdom of đ?i Vi?t and the combined forces of Champa and the Khmer Empire between 1123 and 1150.

Background [ edit ]

At this time, đ?i Vi?t was in a vulnerable position due to internal conflict and a series of wars with their neighbors. In 1127, the 12-years-old Crown Prince Ly D??ng Hoan became the new ruler of đ?i Vi?t. ^[2] Suryavarman II demanded đ?i Vi?t to pay tribute for the Khmer Empire, but the Vietnamese refused to pay tribute to the Khmers. Suryavarman II decided to expand his territory northward into Vietnamese territory. ^[1]

The conflicts [ edit ]

The first attack was in 1128 when King Suryavarman II led 20,000 soldiers from Savannakhet to Ngh? An but were routed in battle. The following year Suryavarman continued skirmishes on land and sent 700 ships to bombard the coastal areas of đ?i Vi?t. The warfare escalated in 1132 when Khmer Empire and Champa jointly invaded đ?i Vi?t, briefly seizing Ngh? An. In 1136, Duke đ? Anh V? led an expedition with thirty thousand troops into Khmer territories, but his army later retreated after subdued highland tribes in Xiangkhoang. ^[1] By 1136, King Jaya Indravarman III of Champa made peace with the Vietnamese, which led to the Khmer?Cham War. In 1138, Ly Th?n Tong died aged 22 from a disease and was succeeded by his two years old son Ly Anh Tong . Suryavarman II led several more attacks on đ?i Vi?t until his death in 1150. ^[3]

Aftermath [ edit ]

After a failed attempt to seize seaports in southern đ?i Vi?t, Suryavarman turned to invade Champa in 1145 and sacked Vijaya, ending the reign of Jaya Indravarman III and destroying the temples at M? S?n . ^{[4] [5]} Inscriptional evidence suggests that Suryavarman II died between 1145 AD and 1150 AD, possibly during a military campaign against Champa. He was succeeded by Dharanindravarman II, a cousin, son of the brother of the king's mother. A period of weak rule and feuding began.

The three provinces Dia Ly (Jriy), Bo Chinh (Traik), Malinh, which Champa had lost to the Dai Viet around 1069?1076, were probably returned to the Cham sphere of influence during 1131-1136, which was testified by both Chinese and Cham sources. ^{[6] [7]}

References [ edit ]

Sources [ edit ]

• Coedes, George (1968). Vella, Walter F. (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia . trans.Susan Brown Cowing.   University of Hawaii Press , ISBN   978-0-8248-0368-1 .
• Kiernan, Ben (2017), Vi?t Nam: A History from Earliest Times to the Present , Oxford University Press, ISBN   978-0-19-516076-5 .
• Kohn, George Childs (2013), Dictionary of Wars , Routledge, ISBN   978-1-135-95494-9 .
• Maspero, Georges (2002). The Champa Kingdom. White Lotus Co. Ltd. ISBN   978-974-7534-99-3 .
• Momorki, Shiro (2011), " "Mandala Campa" Seen from Chinese Sources", in Lockhart, Bruce; Tr?n, K? Ph??ng (eds.), The Cham of Vietnam: History, Society and Art , Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 120?137

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